such new or additional rate or rates of duty so specified and declared in such proclamation shall be levied, collected, and paid upon such articles.

(f) Forfeiture of articles.

All articles imported contrary to the provisions of this section shall be forfeited to the United States and shall be liable to be seized, prosecuted, and condemned in like manner and under the same regulations, restrictions, and provisions as may from time to time be established for the recovery, collection, distribution, and remission of forfeitures to the United States by the several revenue laws. Whenever the provisions of this chapter shall be applicable to importations into the United States of articles wholly or in part the growth or product of any foreign country, they shall be applicable thereto whether such articles are imported directly or indirectly.

(g) Ascertainment by Commission of discriminations. It shall be the duty of the commission to ascertain and at all times to be informed whether any of the discriminations against the commerce of the United States enumerated in subdivisions (a), (b), and (e) of this section are practiced by any country; and if and when such discriminatory acts are disclosed, it shall be the duty of the commission to bring the matter to the attention of the President, together with recommendations.

(h) Rules and regulations of Secretary of Treasury.

The Secretary of the Treasury with the approval of the President shall make such rules and regulations as are necessary for the execution of such proclamations as the President may issue in accordance with the provisions of this section.

(i) Definition.

When used in this section the term "foreign country" means any empire, country, dominion, colony or protectorate, or any subdivision or subdivisions thereof (other than the United States and its possessions), within which separate tariff rates or separate regulations of commerce are enforced. (June 17, 1930, ch. 497, title III, § 338, 46 Stat. 704.)

§ 1339. Effect of reenactment of existing law.

Notwithstanding the repeal by section 1651 of this title of the laws relating to the United States Tariff Commission and their reenactment in sections 1330-1338 of this title, with modifications, the unexpended balances of appropriations available for the commission at the time this section takes effect shall remain available for the commission in the administration of its functions under this chapter; and such repeal and reenactment shall not operate to change the status of the officers and employees under the jurisdiction of the commission at the time this section takes effect. No investigation or other proceeding pending before the commission at such time (other than proceedings under sections 154-159 of this title) shall abate by reason of such repeal and reenactment, but shall continue under the provisions of this chapter. (June 17, 1930, ch. 497, title III, § 339, 46 Stat. 706.)

REFERENCES IN TEXT

Sections 154-159, referred to in the text, were repealed by section 651 (a) (1) of act June 17, 1930.

§ 1340. Domestic value; conversion of rates.

CODIFICATION

Section, act June 17, 1930, ch. 497, title III, § 340, 46 Stat. 706, related to the preparation of a certain report by the commission to Congress. See Tariff Commission Reports, No. 46, Parts 1 to 8.

§ 1341. Interference with functions of Commission. (a) Interfering with or influencing the Commission or its employees.

It shall be unlawful for any person (1) to prevent or attempt to prevent, by force, intimidation, threat, or in any other manner, any member or employee of the commission from exercising the functions imposed upon the commission by this subtitle, or (2) to induce, or attempt to induce, by like means any such member or employee to make any decision or order, or to take any action, with respect to any matter within the authority of the commission.

(b) Penalty.

Any person who violates any of the provisions of this section shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisonment for not more than one year, or both.

(c) Definition.

As used in this section the term "person" includes an individual, corporation, association, partnership, or any other organization or group of individuals. (June 17, 1930, ch. 497, title III, § 341, 46 Stat. 707.) PART III.-PROMOTION OF FOREIGN TRADE

§ 1351. Foreign trade agreements.

(a) Authority of President; modification and decrease of duties; altering import restrictions.

(1) For the purpose of expanding foreign markets for the products of the United States (as a means of assisting in establishing and maintaining a better relationship among various branches of American agriculture, industry, mining, and commerce) by regulating the admission of foreign goods into the United States in accordance with the characteristics and needs of various branches of American production so that foreign markets will be made available to those branches of American production which require and are capable of developing such outlets by affording corresponding market opportunities for foreign products in the United States, the President, whenever he finds as a fact that any existing duties or other import restrictions of the United States or any foreign country are unduly burdening and restricting the foreign trade of the United States and that the purpose above declared will be promoted by the means hereinafter specified, is authorized from time to time

(A) To enter into foreign trade agreements with foreign governments or instrumentalities thereof: Provided, That the enactment of the Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1955 shall not be construed to determine or indicate the approval or disapproval by the Congress of the executive agreement known as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade.

(B) To proclaim such modifications of existing duties and other import restrictions, or such additional import restrictions, or such continuance, and for such minimum periods, of existing

customs or excise treatment of any article covered by foreign trade agreements, as are required or appropriate to carry out any foreign trade agreement that the President has entered into hereunder.

(2) No proclamation pursuant to paragraph (1) (B) of this subsection shall be made

(A) Increasing by more than 50 per centum any rate of duty existing on July 1, 1934; except that a specific rate of duty existing on July 1, 1934, may be converted to its ad valorem equivalent based on the value of imports of the article concerned during the calendar year 1934 (determined in the same manner as provided in subparagraph (D) (ii)) and the proclamation may provide an ad valorem rate of duty not in excess of 50 per centum above such ad valorem equivalent.

(B) Transferring any article between the dutiable and free lists.

(C) In order to carry out a foreign trade agreement entered into by the President before June 12, 1955, or with respect to which notice of intention to negotiate was published in the Federal Register on November 16, 1954, decreasing by more than 50 per centum any rate of duty existing on January 1, 1945.

(D) In order to carry out a foreign trade agreement entered into by the President on or after June 12, 1955, and before July 1, 1958, decreasing (except as provided in subparagraph (C) of this paragraph) any rate of duty below the lowest of the following rates:

(i) The rate 15 per centum below the rate existing on January 1, 1955.

(ii) In the case of any article subject to an ad valorem rate of duty above 50 per centum (or a combination of ad valorem rates aggregating more than 50 per centum), the rate 50 per centum ad valorem (or a combination of ad valorem rates aggregating 50 per centum). In the case of any article subject to a specific rate of duty (or a combination of rates including a specific rate) the ad valorem equivalent of which has been determined by the President to have been above 50 per centum during a period determined by the President to be a representative period, the rate 50 per centum ad valorem or the rate (or a combination of rates), however stated, the ad valorem equivalent of which the President determines would have been 50 per centum during such period. The standards of valuation contained in section 1401a or 1402 of this title (as in effect, with respect to the article concerned, during the representative period) shall be utilized by the President, to the maximum extent he finds such utilization practicable, in making the determinations under the preceding sentence.

(E) In order to carry out a foreign trade agreement entered into by the President on or after July 1, 1958, decreasing any rate of duty below the lowest of the rates provided for in paragraph (4) (A) of this subsection.

(3) (A) Subject to the provisions of subparagraphs (B) and (C) of this paragraph and of subparagraph (B) of paragraph (4) of this subsection,

the provisions of any proclamation made under paragraph (1) (B) of this subsection, and the provisions of any proclamation of suspension under paragraph (5) of this subsection, shall be in effect from and after such time as is specified in the proclamation.

(B) In the case of any decrease in duty to which paragraph (2) (D) of this subsection applies-

(i) if the total amount of the decrease under the foreign trade agreement does not exceed 15 per centum of the rate existing on January 1, 1955, the amount of decrease becoming initially effective at one time shall not exceed 5 per centum of the rate existing on January 1, 1955;

(ii) except as provided in clause (i), not more than one-third of the total amount of the decrease under the foreign trade agreement shall become initially effective at one time; and

(iii) no part of the decrease after the first part shall become initially effective until the immediately previous part shall have been in effect for a period or periods aggregating not less than one year.

(C) No part of any decrease in duty to which the alternative specified in paragraph (2) (D) (i) of this subsection applies shall become initially effective after the expiration of the three-year period which begins on July 1, 1955. If any part of such decrease has become effective, then for purposes of this subparagraph any time thereafter during which such part of the decrease is not in effect by reason of legislation of the United States or action thereunder shall be excluded in determining when the three-year period expires.

(D) If (in order to carry out a foreign trade agreement entered into by the President on or after June 12, 1955) the President determines that such action will simplify the computation of the amount of duty imposed with respect to an article, he may exceed any limitation specified in paragraph (2) (C) or (D) or paragraph (4) (A) or (B) of this subsection or subparagraph (B) of this paragraph by not more than whichever of the following is lesser:

(i) The difference between the limitation and the next lower whole number, or

(ii) One-half of 1 per centum ad valorem. In the case of a specific rate (or of a combination of rates which includes a specific rate), the one-half of 1 per centum specified in clause (ii) of the preceding sentence shall be determined in the same manner as the ad valorem equivalent of rates not stated wholly in ad valorem terms is determined for the purposes of paragraph (2) (D) (ii) of this subsection.

(4) (A) No proclamation pursuant to paragraph (1) (B) of this subsection shall be made, in order to carry out a foreign trade agreement entered into by the President on or after July 1, 1958, decreasing any rate of duty below the lowest of the following rates:

(i) The rate which would result from decreasing the rate existing on July 1, 1958, by 20 per centum of such rate.

(ii) Subject to paragraph (2) (B) of this subsection, the rate 2 per centum ad valorem below the rate existing on July 1, 1958.

(iii) The rate 50 per centum ad valorem or, in the case of any article subject to a specific rate of duty or to a combination of rates including a specific rate, any rate (or combination of rates), however stated, the ad valorem equivalent of which has been determined as 50 per centum ad valorem. The provisions of clauses (ii) and (iii) of this subparagraph and of subparagraph (B) (ii) of this paragraph shall, in the case of any article, subject to a combination of ad valorem rates of duty, apply to the aggregate of such rates; and, in the case of any article, subject to a specific rate of duty or to a combination of rates including a specific rate, such provisions shall apply on the basis of the ad valorem equivalent of such rate or rates, during a representative period (whether or not such period includes July 1, 1958), determined in the same manner as the ad valoreni equivalent of rates not stated wholly in ad valorem terms is determined for the purpose of paragraph (2) (D) (ii) of this subsection.

(B) (i) In the case of any decrease in duty to which clause (i) of subparagraph (A) of this paragraph applies, such decrease shall become initially effective in not more than four annual stages, and no amount of decrease becoming initially effective at one time shall exceed 10 per centum of the rate of duty existing on July 1, 1958, or, in any case in which the rate has been increased since that date, exceed such 10 per centum or one-third of the total amount of the decrease under the foreign trade agreement, whichever is the greater.

(ii) In the case of any decrease in duty to which clause (ii) of subparagraph (A) of this paragraph applies, such decrease shall become initially effective in not more than four annual stages, and no amount of decrease becoming initially effective at one time shall exceed 1 per centum ad valorem or, in any case in which the rate has been increased since July 1, 1958, exceed such 1 per centum or one-third of the total amount of the decrease under the foreign trade agreement, whichever is the greater.

(iii) In the case of any decrease in duty to which clause (iii) of subparagraph (A) of this paragraph applies, such decrease shall become initially effective in not more than four annual stages, and no amount of decrease becoming initially effective at one time shall exceed one-third of the total amount of the decrease under the foreign trade agreement.

(C) In the case of any decrease in duty to which subparagraph (A) of this paragraph applies (i) no part of a decrease after the first part shall become initially effective until the immediately previous part shall have been in effect for a period or periods aggregating not less than one year, nor after the first part shall have been in effect for a period or periods aggregating more than three years, and (ii) no part of a decrease shall become initially effective after the expiration of the four-year period which begins on July 1, 1962. If any part of a decrease has become effective, then for the purposes of clauses (i) and (ii) of the preceding sentence any time thereafter during which such part of the decrease is not in effect by reason of legislation of the United States or action thereunder shall be excluded in determining when the three-year period

or the four-year period, as the case may be, expires. (5) Repealed. Pub. L. 87-794, title II, § 257(b), Oct. 11, 1962, 76 Stat. 882.

(6) The President may at any time terminate, in whole or in part, any proclamation made pursuant to this section.

(b) Cuba; preferential customs treatment; decrease of rates.

Nothing in this section or the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 shall be construed to prevent the application, with respect to rates of duty established under this section or the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 pursuant to agreements with countries other than Cuba, of the provisions of the treaty of commercial reciprocity concluded between the United States and the Republic of Cuba on December 11, 1902, or to preclude giving effect to an agreement with Cuba concluded under this section or the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, modifying the existing preferential customs treatment of any article the growth, produce, or manufacture of Cuba. Nothing in this chapter or the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 shall be construed to preclude the application to any product of Cuba (including products preferentially free of duty) of a rate of duty not higher than the rate applicable to the like products of other foreign countries (except the Philippines), whether or not the application of such rate involves any preferential customs treatment. No rate of duty on products of Cuba shall be decreased

(1) In order to carry out a foreign trade agreement entered into by the President before June 12, 1955, by more than 50 per centum of the rate of duty existing on January 1, 1945, with respect to products of Cuba.

(2) In order to carry out a foreign trade agreement entered into by the President on or after June 12, 1955, and before July 1, 1962, below the applicable alternative specified in subsection (a) (2) (C) or (D) or (4) (A) of this section (subject to the applicable provisions of subsection (a) (3) (B), (C), and (D) and (4) (B) and (C) of this section), each such alternative to be read for the purposes of this paragraph as relating to the rate of duty applicable to products of Cuba. With respect to products of Cuba, the limitation of subsection (a) (2) (D) (ii) or (4) (A) (iii) of this section may be exceeded to such extent as may be required to maintain an absolute margin of preference to which such products are entitled.

(3) In order to carry out a foreign trade agreement entered into after June 30, 1962, and before July 1, 1967, below the lowest rate permissible by applying title II of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 to the rate of duty (however established, and even though temporarily suspended by Act of Congress or otherwise) existing on July 1, 1962, with respect to such product.

(c) Definitions.

(1) As used in this section, the term "duties and other import restrictions" includes (A) rate and form of import duties and classification of articles, and (B) limitations, prohibitions, charges, and exactions other than duties, imposed on importation or imposed for the regulation of imports.

(2) For purposes of this section

(A) Except as provided in subsection (d) of this section, the terms "existing on July 1, 1934", "existing on January 1, 1945", "existing on January 1, 1955", and "existing on July 1, 1958" refer to rates of duty (however established, and even though temporarily suspended by Act of Congress or otherwise) existing on the date specified, except rates in effect by reason of action taken pursuant to section 1362 of this title.

(B) The term "existing" without the specification of any date, when used with respect to any matter relating to the conclusion of, or proclamation to carry out, a foreign trade agreement, means existing on the day on which that trade agreement is entered into.

(d) Rate basis for additional increases or decreases; restoration of terminated treaties forbidden.

(1) When any rate of duty has been increased or decreased for the duration of war or an emergency, by agreement or otherwise, any further increase or decrease shall be computed upon the basis of the post-war or post-emergency rate carried in such agreement or otherwise.

(2) Where under a foreign trade agreement the United States has reserved the unqualified right to withdraw or modify, after the termination of war or an emergency, a rate on a specific commodity, the rate on such commodity to be considered as "existing on January 1, 1945" for the purpose of this section shall be the rate which would have existed if the agreement had not been entered into.

(3) No proclamation shall be made pursuant to this section for the purpose of carrying out any foreign trade agreement the proclamation with respect to which has been terminated in whole by the Presi. dent prior to July 5, 1945.

(e) Repealed. Publ. L. 87-794, title II, § 257(b), Oct. 11, 1962, 76 Stat. 882.

(f) Information and advice from industry, agriculture, and labor

It is declared to be the sense of the Congress that the President, during the course of negotiating any foreign trade agreement under this section, should seek information and advice with respect to such agreement from representatives of industry, agriculture, and labor. (June 17, 1930, ch. 497, title III, § 350, as added June 12, 1934, ch. 474, § 1, 48 Stat. 943, and amended June 7, 1943, ch. 118, § 2, 57 Stat. 125; July 5, 1945, ch. 269, §§ 2, 3, 59 Stat. 410; Sept. 26, 1949, ch. 585, §§ 4, 6, 63 Stat. 698; June 21, 1955, ch. 169, § 3, 699 Stat. 162; Aug. 20, 1958, Pub. L. 85-686, § 3, 72 Stat. 673; Oct. 11, 1962, Pub. L. 87-794, title II, § 257(a), (b), 76 Stat. 881, 882.)

REFERENCES IN TEXT

The Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1955, referred to in subsec. (a) (1) (A), is act June 21, 1955, which is classified to sections 1351 (a), (b), (c), (e), 1352 (c), 1352a, 1363 (b), and 1364 (a), (b), (e) of this title.

The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, referred to in subsec. (a) (1) (A), which is popularly known as "GATT," is set out in part as a note under this section. The Trade Expansion Act of 1962, referred to in subsec. (b), is classified principally to chapter 7 of this title. For complete classification of such Act to this Code, see Short Title note under section 1801 of this title.

AMENDMENTS

1962-Subsec. (a) (5). Pub. L. 87-794, § 257(b), repealed former subsec. (a) (5), which provided that, subject to the provisions of section 1362 of this title, duties and other import restrictions proclaimed pursuant to this section shall apply to all articles the growth, produce, or manufacture of all foreign countries, whether imported directly or indirectly, and required the President to suspend the application to articles the growth, produce, or manufacture of any country because of its discriminatory treatment of American commerce or because of other acts (including the operations of international cartels) or policies which in his opinion tend to defeat the purposes of this section.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 87-794, § 257(a), inserted references to the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 in the first and second sentences, substituted "1955, and before July 1, 1962" for "1955" in par. (2), and added par. (3).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 87-794, § 257(b), repealed former subsec. (e), which related to reports to Congress by the President and the Tariff Commission.

1958 Subsec. (a) (2) (A). Pub. L. 85-686, § 3 (a) (1), substituted "any rate of duty existing on July 1, 1934" for "any rate of duty existing on July 1, 1945", and inserted provisions permitting conversion of a specific rate of duty existing on July 1, 1934, to its ad valorem equivalent, and allowing an ad valorem rate of duty not in excess of 50 per centum above such ad valorem equivalent.

Subsec. (a) (2) (D). Pub. L. 85-686, § 3 (a) (2), (3), inserted "and before July 1, 1958," following "June 12, 1955", in the opening par., and substituted "section 1401a or 1402 of this title (as in effect, with respect to the article concerned," for "section 1402 of this title (as in effect".

Subsec. (a) (2) (E). Pub. L. 85-686, § 3 (a) (4), added subsec. (a) (2) (E).

Subsec. (a) (3) (A). Pub. L. 85-686, § 3 (a) (5), inserted "and of subparagraph (B) of paragraph 4 of this subsection" following "subparagraphs (B) and (C) of this paragraph", and substituted "suspension under paragraph (5)" for "suspension under paragraph (4)".

Subsec. (a) (3) (D). Pub. L. 85-686, § 3 (a) (6), inserted "or paragraph (4) (A) or (B)" following "paragraph (2) (C) or (D)".

Subsec. (a) (4). Pub. L. 85-686, § 3 (a) (8), added subsec. (a) (4).

Subsecs. (a) (5) and (a) (6), formerly (a) (4) and (a) (5), so designated by Pub. L. 85-686, § 3 (a) (7). Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 85-686, § 3 (b) (1), substituted "an agreement with Cuba" for "an exclusive agreement with Cuba" in the opening paragraph.

Subsec. (b) (2). Pub. L. 85-686, § 3 (b) (2), inserted "or (4) (A)" following "subsection (a) (2) (C) or (D)", "and (4) (B) and (C)" following "subsection (a) (3) (B), (C), and (D)", and "or (4) (A) (iii)" following "subsection (a) (2) (D) (ii)".

Subsec. (c) (2) (A). Pub. L. 85-686, § 3 (c), defined the terms "existing on July 1, 1934" and "existing on July 1, 1958".

Subsec. (e) (1). Pub. L. 85-686, § 3 (d), provided for the inclusion in the report of the results of action taken to obtain removal of foreign trade restrictions (including discriminatory restrictions) against United States exports, remaining restrictions, and the measures available to seek their removal in accordance with the objectives of this section.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 85-686, § 3 (e) added subsec. (f). 1955 Subsec. (a). Act June 21, 1955, § 3 (a), among other changes, authorized the President to reduce tariff rates existing on January 1, 1955 by a total of 15 percent in stages of not more than 5 percent of such rates, or to reduce those rates which are higher than 50 percent of the value of an import to a rate not less than 50 percent, in stages of not more than one-third of the reduction in any one year.

Subsec. (b). Act June 21, 1955, § 3 (b), made applicable to Cuban products the new limits of authority to reduce tariffs.

Subsec. (c). Act June 21, 1955, § 3 (c), designated former subsec. (c) as subd. (1), and added subd. (2). Subsec. (e). Act June 21, 1955, § 3 (d).

1949--Subsec. (a). Act Sept. 26, 1949, deleted obsolete language referring to the depression which existed at the time of the original enactment of section.

Subsec. (b). Act Sept. 26, 1949, substituted period for colon following Cuba, deleted the proviso which followed, and inserted in lieu thereof the last two sentences.

1945 Subsec. (a) (2). Act July 5, 1945, omitted "existing" following "per centum any", and inserted ", however established • Act of Congress)," following "rate of duty" in second sentence.

Subsec. (b). Act July 5, 1945, which omitted "payable" following "That the duties", and substituted "however established Act of Congress)." for "now payable thereon" in the proviso. Subsec. (d). Act July 5, 1945, added subsec. (d). 1943-Subsec. (a) (2). Act June 7, 1943, inserted matter within parentheses in proviso.

SHORT TITLE

Section 1 of Pub. L. 85-686 provided that Pub. L. 85686, which added section 1335 of this title, amended section 1333, 1336, 1337, 1351, 1352a, 1360 and 1364 of this title, and enacted provisions set out as notes under this section and section 1352 o. this title, should be popularly known as the "Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1958".

Section 1 of act June 21, 1955, provided that the amendments made by that act to sections 1351 (a), (b), (c), (e), 1352 (c), 1352a, 1363 (b), and 1364 (a), (b), (e), of this title, should be popularly known as the "Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1955."

Section 1 of act Sept. 26, 1949, provided that act Sept. 26, 1949, which amended sections 1351 (a), (b), 1352 (c), and 1354 of this title and repealed sections 1357-1359 of this title, should be popularly known as the Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1949.

CONGRESSIONAL APPROVAL OR DISAPPROVAL OF GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE

Section 10 of Pub. L. 85-686 provided that: "The enactment of this Act [adding section 1335 of this title, amending sections 1333, 1336, 1337, 1351, 1352a, 1360 and 1364 of this title, and enacting notes set out under this section and section 1352 of this title] shall not be construed to determine or indicate the approval or disapproval by the Congress of the executive agreement known as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade." REDUCTION OF PROTECTION RESULTING FROM 1956

AMENDMENTS

Section 2 (e) of act Aug. 2, 1956, ch. 887, 70 Stat. 946, provided that: "In any action relating to tariff adjustments by executive action, including action taken pursuant to section 350 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended [this section] the United States Tariff Commission and each officer of the executive branch of the Government concerned shall give full consideration to any reduction in the level of tariff protection which has resulted or is likely to result from the amendment of section 402 of the Tariff Act of 1930 made by this Act [sections 1401a and 1402 of this title]."

Section 2 (e) of act Aug. 2, 1956, effective only as to articles entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after the thirtieth day following publication of the final list provided for in section 6 (a) of said act Aug. 2, 1956, set out in note under section 1402 of this title, see note set out under section 1401a of this title. COMMISSION ON FOREIGN ECONOMIC POLICY; ESTABLISHMENT, FUNCTIONS, AND EXPIRATION

Act Aug. 7, 1953, ch. 348, title III, 67 Stat. 473, provided: "Sec. 301. Establishment of the Commission.

"There is hereby established a bipartisan commission to be known as the Commission on Foreign Economic Policy (in this title referred to as the 'Commission'). "Sec. 302. Membership of the Commission.

"(a) Number and appointment.-The Commission shall be composed of seventeen members as follows: "(1) Seven appointed by the President of the United States;

"(2) Five appointed from the Senate by the Vice President of the United States; and

"(3) Five appointed from the House of Representatives by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

"(b) Political Affiliation.-Of the first class of members specified in subsection (a), no more than four members shall be from the same political party. Of the second and third classes of memb rs specified in subsection (a), no more than three members from each class shall be from the same political party.

"Sec. 303. Organization of the Commission.

"The President shall designate the member of the Commission who shall be the Chairman, and the member who shall be the Vice Chairman.

"Sec. 304. Quorum.

"Nine members of the Commission (including at least five who are Members of Congress) shall constitute a quorum.

"Sec. 305. Compensation of Members of the Commission.

"(a) Members of Congress.-Members of Congress who are members of the Commission shall serve without compensation in addition to that received for their services as Members of Congress; but they shall be reimbursed for travel, subsistence, and other necessary expenses incurred by them in the performance of the duties vested in the Commission.

"(b) Members from the executive branch.-The members of the Commission who are in the executive branch of the Government shall each receive the compensation which he would receive if he were not a member of the Commission, but they shall be reimbursed for travel, subsistence, and other necessary expenses incurred by them in the performance of the duties vested in the Commission.

"(c) Members from private life.-The members from private life shall receive not to exceed $75 per diem when engaged in the performance of duties vested in the Commission, plus reimbursement for travel, subsistence, and other necessary expenses incurred by them in the performance of such duties.

"Sec. 306. Staff of the Commission.

"(a) Appointment of personnel.―The Commission may appoint such personnel as it deems advisable, without regard to the civil-service laws, and shall fix the compensation of such personnel in accordance with the Classification Act of 1949, as amended. The Commission may procure temporary and intermittent services in accordance with section 15 of the Act of August 2, 1946 (5 U. S. C., sec. 55a), but at rates not to exceed $75 per diem for individuals. The Commission may reimburse employees, experts, and consultants for travel, subsistence, and other necessary expenses incurred by them in the performance of their official duties and make reasonable advances to such persons for such purposes.

"(b) Certain laws not to apply.-Except for members of the Commission appointed by the Vice President or the Speaker of the House, and except for any member of the Commission who may be appointed by the President from the executive branch of the Government, service of an individual as a member of the Commission, employment of an individual pursuant to the first sentence of subsection (a), and service by a person pursuant to the second sentence of subsection (a), shall not be considered as service or employment bringing such person within the provisions of section 281, 283, or 284, or 1914 of Title 18, of the United States Code, or section 412 of the Mutual Defense Assistance Act of 1949, as amended (22 U. S. C., sec. 1584), or section 190 of the Revised Statutes (5 U. S. C., sec. 99).

"Sec. 307. Expenses of the Commission.

"There is hereby authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, so much as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this title.

"Sec. 308. Report-Expiration of the Commission.

"(a) Report.-Within sixty days after the second regular session of the Eighty-third Congress is convened, the Commission shall make a report of its findings and recommendations to the President and to the Congress.

"(b) Expiration of the Commission.-Ninety days after the submission to the Congress of the report provided for in subsection (a) of this section, the Commission shall cease to exist.