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SOUND-SIGNALS FOR FOG, ETC.

ART. 12. A steam ship shall be provided with a whistle or siren, sounded by steam or other efficient substitute for steam, so placed that the sound may not be intercepted by any obstructions, and with an efficient fog-horn to be sounded by mechanical means, and also with an efficient bell.* sailing vessel of 20 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be provided with a similar fog horn and bell.

Sailing vessels and boats of less than 20 tons gross tonnage shall not be obliged to be provided with a mechanical fog-horn, but if not so provided they shall make with any other instrument an efficient sound-signal at intervals of not more than one minute.

ARTICLE 12. (b) A steam-vessel not at anchor, but stopped and having no way upon her, shall sound, at intervals of not more than two minutes, two such prolonged blasts with an interval of about one second between them.

(e) A steam-vessel, when her engines are going full speed astern, shall sound on her whistle three short blasts.

(f) A vessel, if a steam-vessel, at anchor in a fair-way at sea, shall, at intervals of not more than two minutes, sound two prolonged blasts with her whistle or siren, followed by ringing her bell; or, if a sailing-vessel, two blasts with her fog-horn, followed by ringing her bell.

(g) A steam-vessel and a sailing vessel when towing shall, at intervals of not more than two minutes, instead of the signal provided for under sections (a) and (c) of this article, sound on the whistle, siren, or fog horn, three blasts in succession, viz, one prolonged blast followed by two short blasts. A vessel towed may also give this signal on her fog-horn but not on her whistle or siren.

(h) A steam-vessel wishing to indicate to another "The way is off my ship; you may feel your way past me," may sound on her whistle or siren three blasts, viz, short, long, short, with intervals of about one second be tween them.

PILOT SIGNALS.

SEC. 3. A vessel wanting a pilot may sound on her fog-horn, whistle, or siren three blasts in succession, viz, short, short, long, with intervals of about one second between them.

SOUND SIGNALS FOR VESSELS IN SIGHT OF ONE ANOTHER. ART. 19. In taking any course authorized or required by these regu lations a steam-vessel under way shall indicate that course to any other ship which she has in sight by the following signals on her whistle or other steam-sound signal, viz:

One short blast to mean "I am directing my course to starboard.” Two short blasts to mean "I am directing my course to port." Three short blasts to mean "My engines are going full speed astern.” * In all cases where the regulations require a bell to be used, a drum may be substituted on board Turkish vessels, and a gong where such articles are used on board small sea-going vessels.

LIGHTS AND SIGNALS TO ATTRACT ATTENTION.

ART.. Every ship may, if necessary, in order to attract attention, in addition to the lights which she is by these regulations required to carry, show a flare-up light, or use any detonating signal that can not be mistaken for a distress signal.

DISTRESS SIGNALS.

ART. 27. When a ship is in distress and requires assistance from other ships or from the shore, the following shall be the signals to be used or displayed by her, either together or separately; that is to say: In the day-time

1. A gun fired at intervals of about a minute.

2. The international code signal of distress indicated by N C.
3. The distant signal, consisting of a square flag, having either
above or below it a ball or anything resembling a ball.

4. Rockets or shells bursting in the air with a loud report, and
throwing stars of any color or description, fired one at a
time, at short intervals.

5. A continuous sounding with any fog-signal apparatus.

At night

1. A gun fired at intervals of about a minute.

2. Flames on the ship (as from a burning tar-barrel, oil-barrel, etc.)

3. Rockets or shells, as described under day-signals.

4. A continuous sounding with any fog-signal apparatus.

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REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON SYSTEMS AND DEVICES.

RESOLUTION.

Resolved, That a committee, to be known as the Committee on Systems and Devices, shall be appointed by the President, and that it shall be the duty of the committee to examine and report upon any system or device connected with the business of the Conference, of which a written description, illustrated by plans whenever necessary, is furnished, and that only such as are favorably reported by the committee shall appear before the Conference.

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Rear Admiral S. R. FRANKLIN, U. S. N.,

President International Marine Conference :

SIR: In compliance with a resolution made by the International Marine Conference, we have considered all systems and devices which have been laid before us up to the 30th instant, on which day, in accordance with the ruling of the said Conference, we closed our examination, and do now report as follows:

We have considered thirty-seven different proposals on night signaling, etc., at sea, but whilst glad to notice that this important subject is receiving so much attention, and thanking the authors of the various systems for their trouble, we have not seen any plan equal to the Morse, which is already in use in many navies, including those of the United States, France, and Great Britain.

This system necessitates the employment of a trained signal-man, but is otherwise inexpensive, as it only requires one flashing lamp for night

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work, and the steam-whistle or other sound-signal for fog. It can also be used with or without a code book.

Ten papers on preventing collisions at sea have come before us, but we do not consider it necessary to lay them before the Conference.

We have examined twenty-five papers on various subjects, and consider that those numbered 2, 5, 9, 17, 20, and 25, under "miscellaneous," are interesting. The sheets showing the maneuvering powers of ships under various speeds, and numbered 20, are well worth the attention of every one interested in this subject.

The committee are of opinion that, considering the importance of general division 5, "Saving Life and Property at Sea," and the number of devices which have been presented, it would appear desirable to appoint a special committee to consider that subject, composed, as far as possi ble, of delegates who have made a study of the matter, and therefore the propositions dealing with "Life-Saving Apparatus" have not been considered.

Furthermore, it might be necessary, in some cases, to carry out some practical experiments.

We inclose herewith forms showing the subjects dealt with, the names of the author or inventor, and our remarks thereon.

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9

Method and devices for sig.
naling.
Submarine signals.....

Do.

Do.

10

Do.

11

12

13

11

15

16

17

18

19

J. M. Batchelder, 1210 Massa-
chusetts avenue, Washing-
ton, D. C.

A. S. Harrison, Burgoyne Cot Stellar code of signals...................
tage, Carona road, Burnt
Ashe Park S. E., London, Eng.
land.

Wm. G. Spiegel, New York
Chas. E. Bridge, captain and
acting signal officer, Eleventh
Brigade, National Guard,
State of New York.

J. L. Fleischer, inspector coast
lights, Denmark.

Jos. Wall, commanding steamship Montreal, Dominion Line, Liverpool, Eng.

T. R. Elton, 7 Diamond Harbor road, Calcutta.

G. W. Robertson, Mt. Vernon,
Ind.

Wm. M. Crowley, Salt Lake
City, Utah.

John H. Mowe, 1503 Pennsyl-
vania avenue, Washington,
D. C.

H. Lathamer, commanding German steam-ship Hungaria.

20 Baker & Roberts, Providence, R. I.

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Marine signals.

Conversation between ves-
sels at sea.

Relation between light and
attached fog-signals.
Distress and intercommu.
nication signals.

Maritime code of signals....

New system of signals.....
Signaling

System of signals......

System of night signals.....

Night code of marine sig.
nals.
Signal flags..

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Do.

Do.

Does not come within the scope
of the Conference.
Examined.

Proposing the changing of the
color of flags, which the com-
mittee does not think advis
able.

Does not come within the scope
of the Conference.
Examined.

Do.

Do.

Do.

The proposed system has several
advantages, but it is not advis
able to change color of the
flags which have been known
for so many years.
Examined.

Do.
Do.

Not to be considered by Confer-
ence unless course-indicating
signals are introduced.
Same as No. 25.

Not within the scope of the Con-
ference as regards light-houses,
but is worth a trial on board
ship.
Examined.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Not within the scope of the Con

ference. Examined.

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