any important résult. Several of the malcontent leaders discontinued the struggle, amongst whom was Yriarte, who, when Vigo capitulated on the 11th of November, escaped with 1,000 men into Portugal. On the 19th of the same month, Barcelona also capitulated, and a new munici pality was formed. In conse quence of some seditious symp toms still manifesting themselves, the National Guard in that city was disarmed by the Captain General, and the members of the Supreme Junta, accompanied by many of the officers of the National Guard, embarked for France, having been provided with passports by the Captain-General.

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A reconstruction of the Cabinet took place in November; and Senor Olozaga having been appointed President of the Council, formed on the 24th of that month a Ministry, consisting of the following members: S. Olozaga, President of the Council, and Minister for Foreign Affairs; S. Luzuriaga, Minister of Justice; S. Domenech, Minister of the Interior; S. Cantero, Minister of Finance; S. Serrano, Minister of War; S. Frias, Minister of the Marine.

But this Administration came to an abrupt and speedy end. It is not easy to determine what was the real cause of the catastrophe which so soon overwhelmed it, as different and contradictory accounts have appeared; and perhaps, the true version of what occurred between the Queen and Olozaga, may never be given to the public. Certain it is, that the Cabinet of the latter was unpopular from its commencement; and several of its measures irri

minds of the Spanish people: Amongst other decrees issued by the Ministry, was one suspending the re-organization of the National Guard, which occasioned the assembling of a tumultuous mob, who gave vent to their feelings in revolutionary cries. A collision took place between the populace and the military, and several persons were wounded. Another decree also, reinstating those officers who had been appointed under Espartero's Government, was highly unpopular. In the Cortes also, the Ministry found themselves without adequate support; and Senor Pidal was, in opposition to the wishes of Olozaga and his colleagues elected, on the 27th of November, President of the Chamber of Deputies. This proof of hostility induced Olozaga to call upon the Queen to dissolve the Cortes; and on the next day (the 28th,) he proceeded to the palace. We do not pretend to vouch for the truth of the following statement, but the account is that which has been generally received as correct, however extraordinary its incidents may appear. It is said that Senor Olozaga obtained a secret audience of the Queen, bolted the outer door, and drew from his pocket a decree dissolving the Cortes (which he had prepared without the privity of his colleagues,) complete in all but the signature, which he requested her to add. She objected, and was about to retire: the Minister interrupted her passage, and bolted the inner door, to prevent her retreat. The Queen sat down at a table, and Olozaga, in a voice partly familiar and partly serious, said, "Vamos! firma, vuestra Majestad." vuestra Majestad." The Queen

ment. It is even asserted, that Olozaga took her hand, and forced her to do so! On the following morning, by the advice of the Marqueza de Santa Cruz, she told this story to Narvaez, when he came to receive the pass-word of the day. He called S. Pidal and the four Vice-Presidents of the Congress: Serrano joined the consultation; and the result was, that the Queen issued a decree dismissing Olozaga. The accused Minister denied the truth of this tale, and threatened to prosecute a paper that published it. As soon as Olozaga's dismissal was announced, all the other Ministers resigned, except S. Frias and General Serrano; but eventually they also resigned. S. Luiz Gonsalez Bravo, one of the Vice-Presidents of the Cortes, a Moderado, was appointed to be Foreign Minister, with power to construct a Cabinet. Serrano would not consent to be a member of it. Gonzalez Bravo's first act was to propose, in the Chamber of Deputies, a motion for excluding S. Olozaga from the sittings of the Congress; and the motion was referred to a Committee.

The new Prime Minister, whom the chances of events had thus elevated to so important a post, was formerly editor of a scurrilous paper at Madrid, distinguished, by the malignity of its attacks upon the ex-Regent the QueenMother, Christina. He was a man of a very indifferent reputation. When the Committee made their report, a long and stormy discussion took place in the Chamber of Deputies, and an ineffectual attempt was made by the friends of Olozaga to omit a paragraph, which criminated him with regard

was carried by a majority of 101 to 48, and the Chamber appointed a deputation, headed by S. Martinez de la Rosa, to present it to the Queen.

GREECE. In the month of September, this year, a revolution took place at Athens, which resulted in the triumph of the popular party, and was happily unstained by bloodshed. Much discontent had prevailed throughout Greece for some time, chiefly on account of the exclusive system of Government, which was thrown almost entirely into the hands of Bavarians instead of Greeks. This partiality of course arose from the circumstance that King Otho was himself a Bavarian. The finances also of the country had been in a very embarrassed state. On the night of the 14th of September, the inhabitants of Athens began to assemble in large numbers, and some musket shots were fired in the air. At dawn of day the populace, accompanied by the soldiers of the garrison, proceeded to the Palace, crying," The Constitution for ever!" They stopped under the windows of the King's apartments, who appeared, and in a few words promised that he would take into consideration their demands, after he had consulted with his Ministers, the Council of State, and the representatives of the Foreign Powers. The Commander of the Cavalry, M. Calergi, then advanced and stated to the King that they no longer recognized the Ministry as existing, and that the Council of State was at that very time deliberating on the critical state of affairs. Soon afterwards a deputation from the Council of State arrived at the Palace, and presented an address to the King,

which they called upon him to grant. The address was in the following terms:—

"Your Majesty will consider it expedient to appoint a new Ministry without delay. The Council of State recommend to the approbation of your Majesty, as persons competent to form it, because of their enjoying public esteem and confidence, Messrs. Andrè Metaxa, for the Presidency of the Council of Ministers, with the Department of Foreign Affairs; Andre Londos, for the Ministry of War; Canaris, for the Navy Department; Rhigas Palamidis, for the Interior; Mansolas, for the Finance; Leon Melas, for Justice; and Michel Schimas for Public Instruction and Ecclesiastical Affairs.

"Your Majesty will be pleased at the same time to sign an ordinance, which will impose on the new Ministry, as its first duty, the convocation within the delay of a month of the National Assembly; which will deliberate upon the definite constitution that is to be established in concert with the Royal authority, as the ægis under which the throne and the nation shall hereafter be placed. The extraordinary circumstances of the country rendering the convocation of the National Assembly an urgent necessity, and not admitting of a new law of election being previously framed, your Majesty will permit your Ministry to convoke that Assembly, agreeably to the spirit and provisions of the last law of election in vigour before 1833, with the sole difference that the electoral colleges shall elect their presidents by a majority of

votes.

"The New Ministry, invested with the full powers necessary to

with the gravity of the circumstances which led to its formation, shall render an account of its acts to the National Assembly."

The King with some reluctance acceded to these demands, and the newly nominated Ministers proceeded to the Palace, where they had a long interview with their Sovereign. Afterwards he appeared with them on the balcony, and the air resounded with cries of "Long live the Constitutional King!" In the afternoon the garrison, which had borne so active and formidable a part in bringing about the revolution, returned to its quarters, and the city relapsed to its quarters, and the city relapsed into its ordinary state of tranquility.

Next day the King issued a decree convening a National Assembly within thirty days, and the Council of State publicly thanked the people and the army for their conduct during the late eventful crisis.

The National Assembly was opened on the 20th of November at Athens by King Otho, who delivered the following speech:

"Plenipotentiaries of the nation -I appear in the midst of you with the joyful persuasion that this Assembly will be productive of good to our beloved Greece.

"From the very foundation of the monarchy several liberal institutions were established, with the view of preparing for the introduction of the definite constitution. Free municipal laws, provincial councils, and trial by jury, were the precursors of representative government in Greece.

"Our task now is to place the crowning-stone on this edifice by the introduction and establishment of a constitution. With the sup

unite our efforts for the establishment of a fundamental law, suitable to the real wants and circum stances of the state, and adapted to advance and secure the true interest of all. Yes, let wisdom and justice reign in all strength, and let the tie of mutual affection unite us all. In forming the constitution of our common country, let us not be sparing in mutual concessions; but let the common desire to advance and consolidate the prosperity of the state alone inspire and guide us.

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"You know, gentlemen, my love for the nation, in which I have never failed under any cir cumstances; and, with this feeling, I desire neither more nor less power than is necessary for the safety and prosperity of Greece. Let us make a compact with each other, which by its suitability may give assurance of stability and duration. The whole civilized world has its eyes fixed on us, and his tory will judge of our work by its results.

"With full confidenice in your enlightened patriotism, I open this Assembly. May God, in his goodness, grant that it prove beneficial and advantageous to Greece. The prosperity of Greece is my prayer -is my glory."

The revolution which had taken place, and to which King Otho wisely yielded, and thus identified himself with the cause of constitutional liberty, displeased the Autocrat of the North to such an extent, that shortly after the opening of the Assembly, a Russian armed steamer appeared at the Piræus, and the Russian Ambassador at Athens was ordered on board. Nor was he allowed to land again, but himself and his suite were con

PRUSSIA.On the 8th of March the States of Posen presented an address to the King of Prussia, in which they stated, that the maintenance of their nationality and the use of their language in public acts had been promised to them in 1815, and that their just expectations would never be fulfilled until the country was in possession of the institutions promised to it by the edict of May, 1815, To this address the King replied on the 12th in a document signed by all his Ministers. The Royal answer was in the following terms:

"We should have returned this address without replying to it, its demands and griefs being irregularly presented; but we wished our subjects of Posen to know how highly we disapproved of the sentiments and proposals contained therein. The wish to deny the point of union between Posen and Prussia comes only from a party blind to the paternal solicitude which prompted us to leave them every thing pertaining to nationality. If the opinion of such a party, which seeks to separate the Grand Duchy from Prussia, should prevail, we shall be under the necessity of withdrawing from the Provincial States of Posen the promise that they should be convoked at stated intervals. We will enter into no explanation relative to the indecorous allusion to the royal ordonnance of May, 1815, (promising a constitution); such ordonnance being not obligatory upon us; his Majesty our late august father having recognized that the dispositions which it contained were incompatible with the good of his people, and therefore replaced by the law of June, 1823."