ing four regimental standards. This corps was ably and nobly supported by the 2nd Grenadiers, who captured two regimental standards, and by the 10th Grenadiers, under Lieutenant-Colonel Hamilton and M‘Laren ; too much praise cannot be given to these three regiments. Major-General Littler, with Brigadier Wright's brigade, after dispersing the right of the enemy's position at Maharajpoor, steadily advancing to fulfil his instructions of attacking the main position at Chonda, in front, supported most ably by Captain Grant's troop of horse artillery, and the 1st regiment of Light Cavalry; this column had to advance under a very severe fire, over very difficult ground; but when within a short distance, again the rush of the 39th regi. ment, as before, under Major Bray, gallantly supported by the 56th regiment, under Major Dick, carried every thing before them, and thus gained the intrenched main position of Chonda."

The battle was now in effect won; but the loss on hoth sides was severe. The British had 106 killed; 684 wounded; 7 missing; total 797. Seven officers were either killed on the field, or subsequently died of their wounds. The Mahrattas are said to have lost between 3,000 and 4,000 men. On the same day another decisive victory was gained over the enemy by Major-General Grey, and the troops under his command. These amounted to not more than 2,000, while the Mah. ratta force opposed to them was estimated at 12,000 in number. General Grey reached Punniar about twelve miles from Gwalior, on the 28th of December. The

on the heights, near the fortified village of Mangore. They were immediately attacked, and driven from height to height by our brave troops, who were much fatigued by their long march. The number of killed and wounded in this engagement, amounted to 215.

The consequence of these two victories was the submission of the Mahratta Durbar to the demands of the Indian Government. Colonel Stubbs was appointed by the Maha Ranee, governor of the fort of Gwalior, which commands the city; the Mahratta troops were disbanded, and a British contingent consisting of seven regiments of infantry, and two of cavalry was to be maintained in the country at the cost of the Gwalior government, which was also to pay forthwith the expenses of the campaign.

The Governor-General issued the following proclamation on the occasion of these victories.

"Camp, Gwalior Residency,
"Jan. 4, 1844,

"The Governor-General directs the publication of the annexed despatch from his Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, reporting the operations of the corps under his Excellency's immediate com. mand, and of that under the command of Major-General Grey, against the mutinous troops which overawed and controlled the government of his highness the Maharaja Jyajee Rao Scindia, and attacked the British forces on their advances to Gwalior to his highness's support.

The Governor-General deeply laments the severe loss in killed and wounded which has been sus. tained in these operations; but it

terval the Mahratta Vakeels (or agents for the Gwalior Durbar) had an interview with the Governor-General; and it was supposed by him, as is evident from the latter part of his proclamation, that the negotiations were proceeding to an amicable and successful issue. But our crafty enemy appears to have engaged in them chiefly with the view of gaining time to assemble, and concentrate his forces. This appeared at last so evident, that the Governor, General determined upon active measures of hostility. It should be mentioned that, while the main body of our army moved on under the command of Sir Hugh Gough from Agra, another division under Major General Grey advanced on Gwalior from Bundlekhund. We have no distinct accounts of the operations of the troops, nor of the events which led immediately to a collision previous to the 29th of December, on which day the main division crossed the Koharee river early in the morning. They found the Mahratta forces drawn up in front of the village of Mahrajpoor in a very strong position, which they had occupied during the previous night, and which they had carefully intrenched.

The British troops were about 14,000 strong with forty pieces of artillery; and the Mahrattas mustered 18,000 men, including 3,000 cavalry with 100 guns. The action commenced by the gallant advance of Major General Littler's column upon the enemy in front, and the charge was successful, although the Mahratta troops fought with desperate bravery. We may give the rest of the narrative in the words of Sir

"I must do justice to the gallantry of their opponents, who received the shock without flinching, their guns doing severe execution as we advanced, but nothing could withstand the rush of British soldiers. H.M's 39th Foot, with their accustomed dash, ably supported by the 56th N. I., drove the enemy from their guns into the village, bayonetting the gunners at their posts. Here a most sanguinary conflict ensued; the Mahratta troops, after discharging their matchlocks, fought sword in hand with the most determined courage. General Valiant's brigade, with equal enthusiasm, took Maharajpoor in reverse, and twenty-eight guns were captured by this combined movement; so desperate was the resistance, that very few of the defenders of this very strong position escaped. During these operations, Brigadier Scott was opposed by a body of the enemy's cavalry on the extreme left, and made some well-executed charges with the 10th Light Cavalry, most ably supported by Captain Grant's troop of horse artillery and 4th Lancers, capturing some guns and taking two standards, thus threatening the right flank of the enemy. In conformity with the previous instructions, Major-General Valiant, supported by the 3rd Cavalry Brigade, moved on the right of the enemy's position at Chonda. During the advance, Major-General Valiant had to take, in succession, three strong intrenched positions, where the

enemy defended their guns with frantic desperation; H. M's 40th regiment losing two successive commanding officers, Major Stopford and Captain Coddington, who fell wounded at the very

ing four regimental standards. This corps was ably and nobly supported by the 2nd Grenadiers, who captured two regimental standards, and by the 10th Grenadiers, under Lieutenant-Colonel Hamilton and M‘Laren ; too much praise cannot be given to these three regiments. Major-General Littler, with Brigadier Wright's brigade, after dispersing the right of the enemy's position at Maharajpoor, steadily advancing to fulfil his instructions of attacking the main position at Chonda, in front, supported most ably by Captain Grant's troop of horse artillery, and the 1st regiment of Light Cavalry; this column had to advance under a very severe fire, over very difficult ground; but when within a short distance, again the rush of the 39th regiment, as before, under Major Bray, gallantly supported by the 56th regiment, under Major Dick, carried every thing before them, and thus gained the intrenched main position of Chonda."

The battle was now in effect won; but the loss on both sides was severe. The British had 106 killed; 684 wounded; 7 missing; total 797. Seven officers were either killed on the field, or subsequently died of their wounds. The Mahrattas are said to have lost between 3,000 and 4,000 men. On the same day another decisive victory was gained over the enemy by Major-General Grey, and the troops under his command. These amounted to not more than 2,000, while the Mah. ratta force opposed to them was estimated at 12,000 in number. General Grey reached Punniar about twelve miles from Gwalior, on the 28th of December. The

on the heights, near the fortified village of Mangore. They were immediately attacked, and driven from height to height by our brave troops, who were much fatigued by their long march. The number of killed and wounded in this engagement, amounted to 215.

The consequence of these two victories was the submission of the Mahratta Durbar to the demands of the Indian Government. Colonel Stubbs was appointed by the Maha Ranee, governor of the fort of Gwalior, which commands the city; the Mahratta troops were disbanded, and a British contingent consisting of seven regiments of infantry, and two of cavalry was to be maintained in the country at the cost of the Gwalior government, which was also to pay forthwith the expenses of the campaign.

The Governor-General issued the following proclamation on the occasion of these victories.

"Camp, Gwalior Residency,
"Jan. 4, 1844,

"The Governor-General directs the publication of the annexed despatch from his Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, reporting the operations of the corps under his Excellency's immediate command, and of that under the command of Major-General Grey, against the mutinous troops which overawed and controlled the government of his highness the Maharaja Jyajee Rao Scindia, and attacked the British forces on their advances to Gwalior to his highness's support.

The Governor-General deeply laments the severe loss in killed and wounded which has been sus. tained in these operations; but it

tion of a great and necessary service, and the victories of Maharajpoor and Punniar, while they have shed new glory upon the British army, have restored the authority of the Maharaja, and have given new security to the British Empire in India. The Governor-General cordially congratulates his Excellency the Commander-in-Chief upon the success of his able combinations, by which two victories were obtained on the same day, and the two wings of the army, proceeding from different points, have been now united under the walls of Gwalior." CHINA. At the end of February, this year, an Order in Council was published in the Gazette, which after reciting the authority of the Act 3rd and 4th Will. IV., c. 59, "to regulate the trade of the British possessions abroad," proceeded as follows:

66

Now, therefore, Her Majesty in Council is pleased, by and with the advice of her Privy Council, to prohibit, and doth hereby prohibit, her subjects from resorting, for the purposes of trade and commerce, to any other ports in the dominions of the Emperor of China than those of Canton, Amoy, Foo-chow-foo, Ningpo, and Shanghae, or than may be in the occupation of Her Majesty's forces; and Her Majesty is pleased to order, that any of her subjects committing a breach or violation of this direction shall, upon conviction thereof in any of Her Majesty's Courts of Record or ViceAdmiralty, be, for every such offence, liable to a penalty not exceeding 100%., or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding three months, at the discretion of the Court before which the con

On the 22nd of June, Sir Henry Pottinger issued a proclamation, in which he announced that the ratification of the Treaty between Great Britain and China had been exchanged-and that he had concluded with the Chinese High Commissioner Keying, a commercial treaty and tariff. Sir H. Pottinger took the opportunity of earnestly calling upon all British subjects faithfully to observe the provisions of the commercial treaty :

"Her Britannic Majesty's Plenipotentiary, &c., trusts that the provisions of the commercial treaty will be found, in practice, mutually advantageous, beneficial, and just, as regards the interest, the honour, and the future augmented prosperity of the Governments of the two mighty contracting empires and their subjects; and his Excellency most solemnly and urgently calls upon all subjects of the British Crown, individually and collectively, by their allegiance to their Sovereign, by their duty to their country, by their own personal reputation, respect, and good name, and by the integrity and honesty which is due from them as men, to the imperial rights of the Emperor of China, not only to strictly conform and act up to the said provisions of the commercial treaty, but to spurn, decry, and make known to the world, any base, unprincipled, and traitorous overtures which they, or their agents or employés, may receive from, or which may be in any shape made to them, by any subject of China- whether officially connected with the Government or not-towards entering into any collusion or scheme for the pur

of the commercial treaty."

He declared at the same time that if these provisions were wilfully infringed," he will adopt the most stringent and decided measures against the offending parties; and, where his present powers may not fully authorise and sanction such measures as may seem to him fitting, he will respectfully trust that the Legislature of Great Britain will hold him indemnified for adopting them in an emergency directly compromising the national honour, dignity, and good faith, in the estimation of the government of China, and the eyes of other nations."

The Chinese High Commissioner also promulgated the commercial treaty, and stated in his proclamation as follows:

"Henceforth then, the weapons of war shall for ever be laid aside, and joy and profit shall be the perpetual lot of all; neither slight nor few will be the advantages reaped by the merchants alike of China and of foreign countries. From this time forward, all must free themselves from prejudice and suspicions, pursuing each his proper avocation, and careful always to retain no inimical feelings from the recollection of the hostilities that have before taken place for such feelings and recollections can have no other effect than to hinder the growth of a good understanding between the two people.

"With regard to Fuchow, Amoy, Ningpo, and Shanghai, the four ports which by his Imperial Majesty's gracious permission are now newly opened for trade, it is requisite that the replies of the Board of Revenue should be received before the commerce of

thrown open.

But Canton has

been a mart for English trade during more than two centuries past; and therefore, the new regulations having been decided upon, they ought at once to be brought into operation, that the far-travelled merchants may not be any longer detained in the outer seas, disappointed in all their anticipations. The High Commissioner, the Governor-General, and the Governor, have, therefore, in concert with the Superintendent of Customs, determined in fulfilment of their august Sovereign's gracious desire to cherish tenderly men from afar, that a commencement shall be made with the opening of the port of Canton under the new regulations, on the 1st of the seventh month (27th July, 1843). The wishes of the merchants will thus, it is hoped, be met.

The island of Hong Kong having been by the gracious pleasure of his august Majesty granted as a place of residence to the English nation, the merchants of that nation, who will proceed from thence to the various ports, will be numerous; and such vessels as they may engage to convey them to and fro, will therefore be required to lie under no restrictions, but merely to accept engagements at fair and just rates. If, however, such passengers convey goods in the same boat with the view of evading the dues of Government, they shall be subject to such fines as the law shall direct. Should the merchants of China desire to proceed to the island of Hong Kong aforesaid, to trade, they will be required only to report themselves to the next custom-house, and to pay the duties on their merchandise, accord