law, the chief executive for the time. Don Luis de la Rosa became his minister of internal and foreign affairs, and General Mora, of war and marine. All of these men were favorable to peace, and were of the purest class of Mexican Federalists.

In October, Rosa addressed a letter to Santa Anna taking from him all further command, preferring charges against him, and ordering him to retire to some point to await his trial, having first turned over the army he had, to old Manuel Rincon, or the cavalry officer, Don Juan Alvarez. On the 16th of October Santa Anna left the army, and took up his residence at Tehuacan. The Mexican government was now trying to reorganize its affairs at Queretaro. Old Bustamente, with evil designs upon the government, was approaching from the west with the most respectable body of soldiers now under organization; Paredes and Almonte were in the north, stirring up the people against any growing disposition for peace; Santa Anna and his partisans were scheming for his advancement or the ruin of the country; the factions were in great ferment, and Congress timid and inactive. By the skill and wisdom of Pena y Pena the moderate party succeeded in electing General Anaya President for the remaining part of the term to January 8, 1848. Pena y Pena had called the governors of the States together to hear their opinions and advise with them, and a better spirit began to prevail. Bustamente was appointed to command the army in order to quiet him. Rosa and Mr. Trist held a correspondence as to

opening negotiations, and Anaya actually appointed commissioners. But things were in a bad condition. Pronunciamentos were the order of the day. Santa Anna sent out his manifesto. War was still the cry among men who would be ruined by peace. Death to the Yankee was yet every where heard.

CHAPTER XXII.

THE ARMY IN MEXICO-THE GREEN-EYED MONSTERBEGINNING OF THE END-THE GENERAL OF THE ARMY ON TRIAL-AN EXTRAORDINARY

SPECTACLE-THE NAVY.

Look now for a moment, coin. Washington

OOK now for a moment, comparatively, at affairs.

in the American army and in Washington City. For a considerable time the army had been cut from all communication with Vera Cruz, and hence with the Government, and not until the 13th of October was it certainly known in the City of Mexico that reenforcements were on the way. General Scott had been without the means to keep open the National Road to Vera Cruz, and soon after establishing his hospital and garrison at Perote, and reaching Puebla with his army, he made no attempt to communicate with the Administration. Little was known in the United States of the great battles in the valley of Mexico, except from Mexican sources, until after General Lane opened the way to the Gulf. After taking possession of the Mexican capital, Scott's first attention was devoted to the interests of his small army, now reduced to between six and seven thousand effective men. A part of them was located at Chapultepec, and the others quartered in the city. General Quitman first, and subsequently Persifer F.

Smith acted as governor of the place, and with no great amount of annoyance the Americans, this handful of "fierce North Americans," held the wonderful old city of 200,000 people in subjection. But Scott's rule in Mexico was mild, indeed, for a time. So conciliatory were his tendencies that Generals Rincon and Anaya, two of his prisoners, were set at liberty without parole. They were both members of the Mexican Congress, and Scott was very anxious to have that body reorganized. It was quite evident now that his great desire was to make peace. But one

of his first matters of concern was to look after his own interest in arranging the reports of his recent important operations. This proved to be a serious affair. When he came to examine the reports of his division and other commanders there appeared some vast differences between them, and to his own views some of these differences proved to be wholly irreconcilable. The General was now laboring under the impression that his division commanders wanted to rob him of the honors of the campaign, which he thought should belong to him mainly. Pillow's report virtually left him out of the achievements of the 13th of September. Some points in the report Pillow modified to suit him, contrary to his own judgment, but Scott closed with him in an unfriendly manner, and finally had him arrested. He also quarreled with Quitman, and this officer left for Vera Cruz with the first train when the way was opened. His rupture with Worth became still more vexatious and scandalous. And Twiggs was the only division

commander, who, at the end of one month from the fall of Mexico, was on good terms with the Generalin-chief. In the first mails that came with Lane, and subsequently, were letters and newspapers teeming with all kinds of reports of the battles. Several of the letters attracted the attention of General Scott, and one, published in a Tampico paper, brought from him an order to the army which opened the whole scandal in a most unfortunate manner. This letter was so much to the benefit of Worth and Pillow that he deemed it due to himself to issue this order in an unmanly and trifling spirit, to prevent letter-writing for publication from the army descriptive of its operations. This General Order, No. 349, is one of the most objectionable and ungracious of all the public and official papers it has been my disagreeable task to examine. It so unmistakably referred to Worth and Pillow as the instigators of the objectionable letter, that they both immediately sent letters to Scott demanding explanations. But he gave no definite replies. This brought out Colonel James Duncan, one of the most worthy and able officers in the army, and the author of the Tampico letter. He simply stated that he had written the letter to a friend without thought or design of publication, and that General Worth or no other person had anything to do with bringing it into existence, that he was alone responsible for it. This caused his immediate arrest. On the 16th of November Worth wrote a letter to the Secretary of War, accusing General Scott of conduct "unbecoming an officer and a gentleman." Also