REFERENCE LIST OF HISTORICAL AUTHORITIES. MENZEL. History of Germany. MERIVALE. History of the Romans under the Empire. MICHAUD. History of the Crusades. MICHELET. History of France, Smith's translation; Roman Republic, Hazlitt's translation. MIGNET. French Revolution. MOMMSEN. History of Rome. Dickson's translation. MONTALEMBERT. Monks of the West. NAPIER. History of the War in the Peninsula. NAPOLEON. Life of Cæsar. NEALE. History of the Puritans. NEPOS. Lives of the Illustrious Generals. NIEBUHR. Lectures on the History of Rome. Schmitz's translation. OCKLEY. History of the Saracens; Mohammed and his Successors. PALGRAVE. History of Normandy and of PICTORIAL History of England. PLUTARCH. Parallel Lives. Dryden's translation. Revised by Clough. POLYBIUS, General History of. Hampton's translation. PRESCOTT. Ferdinand and Isabella; Philip the Second. PRESSENSE, History of the Early Years of Christianity. Harwood's translation. PROCTOR. The Crusades. QUINET. La Révolution. RANKE. History of the Popes. Foster's translation. xvii RAWLINSON. Ancient History; Five Great Monarchies of the Ancient Eastern World; Sixth Great Oriental Monarchy; Seventh Great Oriental Monarchy; Herodotus. RENAN. The Apostles. ROBERTSON. Charles V., Discovery and Settlement of America; View of the Progress of Society in Europe. ROSCOE. Life of Leo X.; Lorenzo de' Medici. RUSKIN. Stones of Venice. ST. JOHN, J. A. Ancient Greece. SCHLEGEL. Lectures on Modern History, SCHLOSSER. Eighteenth Century. SEEBOHM. Era of the Protestant Revolution. SISMONDI. Fall of the Roman Empire; Italian Republics. SMITH. Ancient Atlas; Ancient History of the East; History of Greece; History of the World. SMYTH. Lectures on Modern History. SPALDING. Protestant Reformation. SPRUNER-MENKE. Historical Atlas. STANHOPE (PHILIP HENRY), Earl of. History of England; War of the Succession in Spain. STANLEY. Lectures on the History of the Lectures on the History of France; Essays on Ecclesiastical Biography. STRICKLAND. Lives of the Queens of England. STUBBS. Constitutional History of England; Early Plantagenets. SUETONIUS. Lives of the Twelve Cæsars. Thomson and Forester's translation. SUMNER. Prophetic Voices concerning America. SYBEL. See VON SYBEL. SYMONDS. Renaissance in Italy. TACITUS. Annals and History. TAINE. Ancient Régime, Durand's translation; Art in Greece, Durand's translation; Art in the Netherlands, Durand's translation; Revolution, Durand's translation; Essai sur Tite Livé. Westward the course of empire takes its way. BISHOP BERKELEY. A thousand years scarce serve to form a state; BYRON. The groaning earth in travail and in pain LONGFELLOW. INTRODUCTION. THE HE early history of all the older nations is wrapped in impenetrable darkness. Our knowledge of the most distant periods is confined to a few traditions which have come down to us for the most part embodied in the form of myths, and to such conclusions as may be drawn from the study of language, from ancient remains, and from the general results of civilization. Of such times we know nothing, save the broad results as they are measured from century to century, with here and there some indestructible pebble, some law, some fragment of remarkable poetry which has resisted decomposition. FROUDE. ... The word myth (μvos, fabula, story) in its original meaning signified simply a statement or current narrative, without any connotative implication of truth or falsehood. Subsequently the meaning of the word (in Latin and in English, as well as in Greek) changed, and came to carry with it the idea of an old personal narrative, always uncertified, sometimes untrue or avowedly fictitious. . . . The myths were originally produced in an age which had no records, no philosophy, no criticism, no canon of belief, and scarcely any tincture either of astronomy or geography, but which, on the other hand, was full of religious faith, distinguished for quick and susceptible imagination, seeing personal agents where we look only for objects and connecting laws. - GROTE. History in the proper sense may be regarded as confined to the Caucasian 1 branch of the human family, and 1 The Caucasian race is distributed by ethnologists into three great divisions 1st. The Aryan or Indo-European (from Iran, the "land of light," the |