County, and lived there ten years, working at his trade; then came to this place and moved onto his land, which he had bought ten years previously. He has now thoroughly improved it, having it all under fence, good buildings, etc., and well stocked. He has a fine herd of good grade cattle; eleven head of horses, among which are some fine Clydesdale half bloods. Mr. B. has filled many offices in the township, and is a leading and respected citizen. He married in November, 1852, in Pennsylvania, Miss Mary Bowers, and has five children living, William, Lauren, Lowella, Frank and Bert.

John Birtwistle, farmer, section 5, P. O. Cresco; owns 118 acres of land valued at $25 per acre; was born in England; is the fourth son of Edward and Priscilla Birtwistle; was married in 1855 to Miss Alice Grundy, a native of England. When he was 18 years of age he came to America; settled in Grundy County, Illinois, lived there two years, then moved to La Salle County, and after a residence of eight years there, came to Winneshiek County. He has three children living, Margaret E., John E. and William. Mr. B. was for a time employed by the government as a carpenter.

Hon. Ezekiel E. Cooley stands conspicuous among the early representatives of the legal profession in the Tenth Judicial District. He is a native of the Empire State, born in Victory, Cayuga Co., on the 12th of January, 1827. His parents were Ira A. Cooley and Lydia Chittenden Cooley. His father was a clergyman of the Baptist denomination, who held pastorates after his son was born, at Hermon, St. Lawrence Co.; Denmark, Lewis Co., and Brownsville, Jefferson Co. He died at the last named place in June, 1846. At the age of sixteen years the son entered the Black River Literary and Religious Institute, at Watertown, and at his father's demise was about to enter Hamilton College, but this bereavement thwarted all his plans. Two years prior to this date, while fitting for college, he commenced teaching, and in the summer of 1847 went to Cynthiana, Kentucky, to pursue this calling, arriving there with seven dollars in his pocket. Up to this date he had a hard struggle in procuring the knowledge which he then possessed, and which struggle was not ended; but he continued to persevere, having the legal profession in view, and continued teaching with a view to supplying himself with funds. Soon after reaching Kentucky he commenced studying law, with Judge Trimble as preceptor; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and in August of the same year returned to New York and took charge of a public school in Odgensburg. Not satisfied with his legal attainments, simultaneously with his commencing to teach, he read law, with Hon. A. B. James as preceptor, and on the 2d of September, 1850, was admitted to the bar of the State of New York. He commenced practice at Hermon; two years later he removed to Odgensburg, formed a partnership with George Morris, and continued practice under the firm name of Morris & Coo

ley until October, 1854, when he immigrated to Iowa and located at Decorah. At that date there were less than thirty families in the place, but Mr. Cooley had the wisdom to see that it was a town of much promiise, and a good opening for an ambitious young attorney, with a broad foundation of legal knowledge on which to build. In 1855 Mr. Cooley formed a partnership with W. L. Easton and L. Standring, for the purpose of carrying on the business of banking and real estate. This banking house proved eventually to be the "seed-eorn" of the First National Bank of Decorah. No movenent calculated to benefit Decorah or the county has failed to receive the hearty support of Mr. Cooley. As early as 1856 he was one of the prominent men in organizing a railroad company called the Northwestern, of which he was made the attorney. The financial depression delayed this enterprise, but after repeated trials the road, under another name, reached Decorah in September, 1869. Upon the celebration of its completion, Mr. Cooley was very appropriately made the orator for the occasion. Two years after he settled at Decorah, an effort was made to remove the county seat to Freeport, three miles eastward, and but for the adroit efforts of Mr. Cooley and a few other persons, the project probably would have succeeded. Mr. Cooley came to Decorah to practice law, and to make it a business for life. He has carried out his intentions almost to the letter, and has attained eminence in his profession. The few offices he has held were urged upon him by the partiality of his friends. In the spring of 1855 he was elected prosecuting attorney, and served two years. When, in 1857, Decorah was incorporated, he was chosen president of its board of trustees; and in October of the same year he was elected to the lower branch of the general assembly the seventh-which was the first under the new constitution. Young as he was, and wholly inexperienced in legislative matters, he was placed at the head of the committee on federal relations. He was also on other important committees, such as judiciary, and township and county organization, doing valuable work on all of them, as well as on several select committees. In 1861 Mr. Cooley was appointed postmaster of Decorab, but resigned at the end of two years. In September, 1864, President Lincoln appointed him commissary of subsistence in the volunteer service, with the rank of captain. He held this position until October, 1865, when he was breveted major for meritorious services, and received his discharge the following month. Twice his republican friends have presented his name before the district conventions for congressional nominations, but in both instances competing candidates bore off the palm, and he magnanimously took the stump and aided in their election. In 1879 he resigned the office of mayor of Decorah to accept the appointment of judge of the Tenth Judicial District, and in Nov., 1880, was elected to the same position, and is still serving as such. Judge

Cooley has profound respect for the Bible, is familiar with its teachings, and has aimed to live a blameless life, but has no church connections. He, like his sons, is a student. He loves the practice of law, much better than politics, and still pursues its study with the relish and eagerness of his younger days. Through his success he has obtained a competency, and has one of the most elegant and costly residences in Decorah. Judge Cooley was married on the 18th of March, 1856, to Miss Jane M. Rhodes, of Dubuque, a lady of very fine talent as an amateur artist in oil colors. They have two sons, both of whom are graduates of the literary department of the Michigan University. Charles M., the elder, subsequent to graduating, studied law with his father; was admitted in September, 1879, and was a member of the firm of Cooley, Fannon & Akers until 1882, when, on account of his health, he gave up practice, and is now engaged in stock farming in Dakota. He was married in August, 1880, to Miss Alice Woodruff, daughter of Rev. H. B. Woodruff. Roger W., the younger, is now reading law with W. E. Akers, Esq.

W. F. Coleman, M. D., a pioneer physician and dentist of Decorah, was bornin Vermont in 1825. At the age of 18 he removed to Illinois, and served as clerk in mercantile pursuits until 1847. He then entered the Rush Medical College, of Chicago, and graduated in 1850. Dr. Coleman then located at McHenry, Ill., and engaged in the practice of medicine and dentistry, at the same time having an interest with his brother in a general mercantile business. In 1857 Dr. Coleman located at Decorah, and in 1862 received a commission as assisting surgeon in the 17th Io. Inf., in which position he served until the spring of 1864, when he resigned on account of physical disability. Dr. Coleman then returned to Decorah, and as soon as his health permitted, resumed the duties of his profession, and has since continued the same, during which time he has been engaged in the drug business for about five years. Dr. Coleman was the first mayor of Decorah, having previously been president of the town; has also been city treasurer, and served two years as county superintendent. He is U. S. examining surgeon, and for sixteen years has been a physician on the board commissioners of insanity. Dr. Coleman was married in 1848 to Miss Jane E. Grout, a native of Canada West. They have eight children living: J. H., Viola A., (now Mrs. W. R. Toye), Frank M., A. L., Herbert D., Willard F., Louis. and Adelbert.

L. L. Cadwell, conductor, is a native of the Empire State, born at Binghamton, Brown Co., in 1838, his parents being Nathan and Eliza Cadwell, with whom he removed to Fox Lake. Wis. Mr. Cadwell iu 1859, married Miss Anna Johnson, of North Adams, Mass. In 1862 he accompanied his wife east, her health being impaired, and in the same year enlisted in Co. B, 2d N. Y. Cav. This company formed a part of the Gulf Department, and

participated in Gen. Banks' expedition up the Red river. Mr. Cadwell remained in the service until Dec., 1865, when he was mustered out as First Lieut. He then entered the employ of the C., M. & St. P. R. R., and still continues with the same. He has been a resident of Winneshiek Co. since 1867, and of Decorah since 1875. In 1876 Mr. Cadwell built the Decorah Green House, which, under the supervision of his wife, has become the leading green house for a large section of country around Decorah. Mr. Cadwell is a gentleman who is highly esteemed wherever known, and his home is one of the best in Decorah. He has one son, Herbert H.

J. L. Cameron, county surveyor, is a native of Scotland, born in 1832. In 1835 the family emigrated to the United States and lived in western New York until 1844, then in Canada until 1852, when they removed to Wisconsin, from which state they came to Iowa and settled in Winneshiek County in 1859. The subject of this sketch was taught the art of surveying and civil engineering by his father, who was a graduate of Aberdeen University, of Scotland, and has therefore thus far in life made it his principal business. Mr. Cameron has been twice married: In 1860 to Miss C. W. Worth, who died in 1873, leaving five children, four of whom are now living. In 1878 to Mrs. M. E. Johnson, M. D., by which marriage he has one child.

A. C. Chase, firm of Chase & Pinkham, stone sawing, etc.; was born in Vermont in 1852, and in 1858 with his parents, Charles and Savina Chase, came to Iowa and settled at Decorah. His early life was spent working in a flouring mill. In 1874 he went to Hamlin County, Dakota, and now owns property at that place. His present business was established in March, 1882, and bids fair to become a leading enterprise of Decorah.

C. H. Craig, editor and publisher of the Decorah Pantagraph, was born at Albany, New York, November 20, 1856. He commenced work at the printer's trade in the Albany Evening Journal office in January, 1870. In 1878 he took Horace Greeley's advice and went to Sioux Falls, Dakota, where he was engaged on different papers until the spring of 1882. He then came to Decorah, purchased the Decorah Radical, changed the name to Decorah Pantagraph, and is now editing and publishing the same.

Orlando J. Clark, attorney, is a son of J. T. Clark, and was born in New York in 1843. He came to Iowa in February, 1855, received a common school education, and enlisted in Co. E, 38th Io. Inf.; was afterwards transferred to Co. K, 34th Io., and served until the close of the war, when he was mustered out as second lieutenant. He then returned to Decorah, and in January, 1867, commenced reading law with his father as preceptor; in June, 1868, he was admitted to the bar, and has since been in constant practice. He has been district attorney six years, city mayor

one term, and is at present city attorney. Mr. Clark was married November 24th, 1868, to Miss Stella McCurdy, and has one son and one daughter.

Fitz William Cleveland, farmer, owns 120 acres of land, including 13 acres of timber. Mr. C. was born in Lake Co., Ill., in 1844, and in 1845 his parents moved to Wis. In 1854 they moved to Io., locating in Winneshiek Co., on a government claim in Hesper tp. The farm he now owns and resides upon is a part of the original homestead. His father, Selby Cleveland, was a pioneer settler and died in March, 1876, his sons taking the farm at that time. Fitz W. was married in 1869, in Burr Oak tp., to Miss Sarah A. Gates, and they have two children.

Josiah Callender, farmer, came to this Co. when a child, withhis father, Isaac Callender, in 1848, who took a claim under the government, and was one of the first actual settlers in this part of the county and was a much respected citizen, and had held many offices of public trust in the county. He died on the 19th of March, 1882. His wife died two months before. The home farm, which contains about 260 acres, is conducted by Josiah Callender, who was born in Wis., in 1846, two years previous to his parents' moving to this county. Mr. Callender is a member of Lodge No. 66, A. F. & A. M,, and was married in 1873 to Miss Vila E. Crouch, in Cherokee Co., Iowa, and has two children.

Daniel Calkin, farmer, resides on and owns 100 acres of tillable land in section 20, Hesper tp., and also owns 20 acres of timber in Burr Oak tp. He was born in Essex Co., N. Y., in 1837, and in 1859 went to Whiting. Vt., and there learned the trade of carpenter and joiner. He enlisted in Sept., 1861, on the second call after the battle of Bull Run, in the 5th Vt. Infty., Co. F.; served three years; two years of the time was hospital steward, as he was unable to serve in the field on account of serious illness during the first year. He was discharged in Sept., 1861, and returned to Vt. and remained until the spring of 1865, and then went to Wis. In the following fall he came to Io., located in Canoe tp., this Co., bought a farm there and resided thereon five years; then sold out and purchased a farm in section 30, Hesper tp., where he remained six years; then in 1876 purchased the farm he now resides on. It is thoroughly improved and is fine prairie land. He has built a fine brick residence and good barns and farm buildings, and has his farm well stocked. He has filled various offices of trust in Canoe and Hesper tps. He was married in Oct., 1868, at Postville, Io., to Miss Esther M. Finney, and they have five children.

L. M. Chase, P. O. Freeport, steward of the County Poor Farm; was born in N. H. in 1833, where he remained till in 1853 he came to Iowa, stopping in Muscatine two years; then came to Winneshiek Co., locating in Canoe tp. In 1870 he moved into Clay Co., Io., where he remained till in 1876, when he returned to