1280 [1668. Lautherdale's coming thither, and the order there- , encourage him to expect any thing from them; upon for the fleet to sail presently for Holland for were all arguments of perplexity and consternathe reasons aforesaid, kindled all those sparkles tion to all men, who had been moderately versed into a bright flame of dissension, so universal, that in the transaction of affairs ; and were too many there were very few who spake with any civility of things to be looked upon at once, and yet could one another, or without the highest animosity that not be effectually looked upon but together. So can be imagined that the chancellor used to say, “that all the busiThis was the distracted condition of affairs ness he had been conversant in, from the beginwhen the lord Cottington and the chancellor came ning to his coming to the Hague, had not adto the Hague; the council divided between them “ ministered half the difficulties and disconsolaselves, and more offended with the court for pre tion, had not half so much disturbed and dissumption in making themselves of the council, “ tracted his understanding, and broken his mind, and opposing whatsoever the other directed, hy “ as the next six months from that time had their private whispering to the prince in reproach “ done.” Nor could he see any light before him of them, and their public murmurings against to present a way to the king, by entering into their persons for the counsel they gave, every man which he might hopefully avoid the greatest endeavouring to incense others against those who misery that ever prince had been exposed to. His were not affected by him; and this ill humour in own particular condition (under so general a morcreased by such an universal poverty, that very tification) afflicted him very little, having long few knew where to find a subsistence for three composed himself by a resolution, with God's months to come, or how to dispose of themselves. blessing, to do his duty without hesitation, and to The clamour from the fleet was so high for new leave all the rest to the disposition of Providence. victual and for money, that there was apprehen When the fleet was committed to the governsion just enough, that they would provide for ment of prince Rupert to embark for Ireland, it themselves by returning to their old station; to was enough foreseen by those who foresaw what which they had both opportunity and invitation, naturally might fall out, that Ireland was probably by the parliament's having set out another fleet like to be the place whither it might be the most superior in power to them, that were already at counsellable for the prince himself to repair. But anchor in their view, under the command of the as it was not then seasonable in many respects to earl of Warwick, to block them up in that incon- publish such an imagination; so it was not possivenient harbour. The sudden news of the total ble to keep the fleet where it then was, or in any defeat of the Scots army, and shortly after the port of the dominions of Holland, where the loss of Colchester, and taking the persons of so States were already perplexed what answer they many gallant gentlemen, and murdering some of should return if the new commonwealth should them in cold blood; the daily warm contests in demand the ships, or whether they were not council upon the insolent behaviour and the un- obliged to deliver them: and therefore no time reasonable demands of the lord Lautherdale, who was to be lost. Nor was the voyage itself like to as peremptorily insisted upon the prince's going be secure, but by the benefit of the winter season, immediately with the fleet into Scotland, as he had and the unquiet seas they were to pass through; done before the total defeat of duke Hamilton, which would have made it too dangerous a voyage and without expecting to hear what alteration that for the person of the prince, who must find a fatal change had produced in that kingdom, which shorter passage thither, when it should be neceswas very reasonable to apprehend, and in truth sary. had at that time really fallen out : these and many When that inhuman impiety was acted at Lonother ill presages made the chancellor quickly don, and the young king had in some degree refind, that in his two years' repose in Jersey he covered his spirits from the sudden astonishment, had not fortified himself enough against future and had received the vile proclamation and proassaults, nor laid in ballast to be prepared to ride positions from Scotland, his majesty with those out the storms and tempests that he was like to be few who were of nearest trust concluded, " that it engaged in. “would be shortly of necessity to transport himThe preservation of the fleet was a considera- “ self into Ireland;” which was to be the highest tion that would bear no delay; and was in a short secret, that it might be equally unsuspected in time, though with infinite difficulties and contests England and in Scotland. That he should infull of animosity, resolved to be by committing cognito, or with a light train, pass through the charge of it to prince Rupert, who was to “ France to Nantz, or some other port of Precarry it into Ireland, where were many good ports tagne, where two or three ships of war, which in his majesty's obedience. But that was no “ he could not doubt of obtaining by the favour sooner done, but the horrid murder of the king, of his brother the prince of Orange, might atand the formed dissolution of the monarchy there, “ tend him; and from thence he might with and erecting and establishing the government in “ least hazard embark for the nearest coast of that kingdom with a seeming general consent, at Ireland, where the marquis of Ormond might least without any visible appearance or possibility “ meet him.” of contradiction or opposition; the faint procla This being concluded in that manner, the lord mation of the present king in Scotland, under the Cottington went in a morning to the king before same conditions which they would have imposed, he was dressed; and desired, “ that when he was and with all the circumstances with which they “ ready, he would give him a private audience in had prosecuted the rebellion against his father; "his closet.” He there told him, " that his mathe resolution what was fit for the young king to "jesty had taken the most prudent resolution undertake in his own person, and the dismal - that his condition would admit, for Ireland; prospect, how all the neighbour princes were soli “where there remained yet some foundation for citous not to pay him any such civilities, as might “ hope. That for himself he was so old and in 66 .1.! 1668.] 1281 posed to: yet having served the crown through “ confessed the more he had revolved himself, the “ out the reign of his grandfather and his father, more hopeful the success appeared to him ; “ he was very desirous to finish his life in his “ which made him the more solicitous, that “ majesty's service. " through any inadvertency such a design might “ not miscarry - that he magnanimity or generosity of princes would “ receive some benefit by the information and “not be very conspicuous : however it being all “advice he should be able to give him, the ad“ his present dependance, he must try all the “vantage whereof would redound for the preways he could to provoke them to that dispo sent, and might more in the future, to the king's “sition. “service ;” and in fine proposed, “ that the chan“ That he knew the crown of Spain was so low “ cellor of the exchequer might be joined in the “ at that time, that whatever their inclinations - commission with him, and accompany him into might be, they could neither supply him with “ Spain, from whence if they made haste in their ships or men or money towards the raising or * journey, they might make such a progress in “ supporting of an army: yet that he knew too, “ that court, that he might be able to attend his “ that there is such a proportion of honour, and majesty in Ireland in a very short time after his “of a generous compassion and bounty, that is « arrival there; whilst himself remained still at inseparable from that crown, and even runs Madrid, to prosecute all further opportunities through that people, which other nations are “ to advance his service." never refuse to make such an assignment of “ had spoken with him of it.” To which the other “ that he knew not, nor had prepare him; majesty more offices than any other prince could “ for he knew well he would at first be startled “ do, or he any where else, by the universal influ- “ at it, and it may be might take it unkindly. he had upon the Irish nation. And general “ That he knew well how much of the weight or Owen O'Neile, who was the only man that then “his business lay upon the chancellor's shoul“ obstructed the union of that people in a sub “ ders, and in that respect that many others “mission to the king, had been bred up in the "would not be willing he should be absent: yet “ court of Spain, and had spent all his time in “ that there was a long vacation in view, and “ the service of that crown, and had still his sole “ there could be little to be done till the king dependance upon it; and therefore it was to be “should come into Ireland ; and by that time he “ presumed, that he might be induced by direc-“ "might be with him again, with such a return - tion from Madrid, to conform himself to a “ from Spain as might be welcome and conve conjunction with the marquis of Ormond, the “ nient to him. And therefore if his majesty part of his life in that court, in the service of “ he should give him such reasons, since he could “ would dispose him to the journey.' him, to know his opinion upon the whole; for “ who might be with him in Ireland in a short posed, he had another particular to offer, before Cottington to undertake the employment, to “ the matter should be publicly debated.” When “ which he was not averse ; but he had expressly he came the next morning, and found the king “ refused to undertake it alone, and he knew that 66 ence of be as 1282 The Continuation of the Life of Edward Earl of Clarendon. [1668. no companion would be so acceptable to him as tion, which he reviewed and enlarged in his later “ he would be.” times of leisure. Though he underwent in this The chancellor did not at first dissemble the ap- employment many mortifications of several kinds, prehension, that this device had been contrived at yet he still acknowledged that he learned much Paris, where he knew that neither of them were during the time of his being in Spain, from whence acceptable, nor were wished to be about the king, he returned a little before the battle of Worcester; or to have so much credit with him as they were and after the king's miraculous escape into France, both thought to have : but the king quickly ex- he quickly waited upon his majesty, and was never pelled that jealousy. And he desired a short time separated from his person, till sixteen or sevento consider of it; and received such reasons (be- teen years after by his banishment. sides kindness in the invitation) from the lord This he called his third and most blessed recess, Cottington, that he did not submit only to the in which God vouchsafed to exercise many of his king's pleasure, but very willingly undertook the mercies towards him. And though he entered into employment: and, though it was afterwards de- it with many very disconsolate circumstances; yet layed by the importunity of many, and the queen's in a short time, upon the recovery of a better own advice, who thought the chancellor's attend state of health, and being remitted into a posture ance about the person of the king her son to be of ease and quietness, and secure from the power more useful to his service, than it was like to be of his enemies, he recovered likewise a marvellous in the other climate, the king was firm to his pur- tranquillity and serenity of mind, by making a pose ; and despatched them shortly after his com- strict review and recollection into all the actions, ing into France, when he resolved and prepared all the faults and follies, committed by himself for his own expedition into Ireland, in order to and others in his last continued fatigue of sevenwhich there were then some Dutch ships of war teen or eighteen years; in which he had received that waited for him at St. Malo's. very many signal instances of God's favour, and This was the occasion and ground of his second in which he had so behaved himself, that he had retreat and recess from a very uneasy condition, the good opinion and friendship of those of the of which he was not more weary in respect of the best fame, reputation, and interest, and was genedifficulty and melancholy of the business, from rally believed to have deserved very well of the which he could not entirely disentangle himself king and kingdom. by absence, than in respect of the company he In all this retirement he was very seldom van was to keep in the conducting it, who had hu- cant, and then only when he was under some sharp mours and inclinations uneasy to him, irreso visitation of the gout, from reading excellent lute in themselves, and contrary for the most books, or writing some animadversions and exerpart to his judgment. And he did still acknow- citations of his own, as appears by the papers and ledge, that he did receive much refreshment and notes which he left. He learned the Italian and benefit by that negotiation. For though the em- French languages, in which he read many of the ployment proved ineffectual to the purposes for choicest books. Now he finished the work which which it was intended, by the king's finding it his heart was most set upon, the History of the necessary to divert his intended journey for Ire- late Civil Wars and Transactions to the Time of land, into that of Scotland; yet he had vacancy the King's Return in the Year 1660; of which he to recollect and compose his broken thoughts; gave the king advertisement. He finished his and mended his understanding, in the observa- Reflections and Devotions upon the Psalms of tion and experience of another kind of negotiation David, which he dedicated to his children; which than he had formerly been acquainted with, under was ended at Montpelier before the death of the the assistance, advice, and friendship of the most duchess. He wrote and finished his Answer to able person, and the best acquainted with foreign Mr. Hobbes's Leviathan, to which he prefixed an negotiations and the general interests of the seve- epistle dedicatory to the king, if his majesty would ral kings and states in Christendom, of any states- permit it. He wrote a good volume of Essays, man then alive in Europe, and who delighted in Divine, Moral, and Political, to which he was giving him all the information he could. He was always adding. He prepared a Discourse Histoconversant in a court of another nature and hu- rical of the Pretence and Practice of the succesmour, of another kind of grandeur and gravity, of sive Popes from the Beginning of that Jurisdicanoth constitution and policy; and where am- tion they assume; in which he thought he had bassadors are more esteemed and regarded, and fully vindicated the power and authority of kings live with more conversation and a better intelli- from that odious usurpation. He entered upon gence amongst themselves, than in any other the forming a method for the better disposing the court in the world. History of England, that it may be more profitThe less of business he had, he was the more ably and exactly communicated than iť hath yet vacant to study the language and the manners been. He left so many papers of several kinds, and the government of that nation. He made a and cut out so many pieces of work, that a man collection of and read many of the best books may conclude, that he never intended to be which are extant in that language, especially in idle. the histories of their civil and ecclesiastical state. In a word, he did not only by all possible adUpon the reading the Pontifical History written ministrations subdue his affections and passions, by Illescas in two volumes, and continued by one to make his mind conformable to his present foror two others in three other volumes, he begun tune; but did all he could to lay in a stock of there first his Animadversions upon the Superi- patience and provision, that might support him ority and Supremacy of the Pope, which he after- in any future exigent or calamity that might bewards continued to a perfect work. Here he re- fall him: yet with a cheerful expectation, that sumed the continuation of his Devotions on the God would' deliver him from that powerful comPsalms, and other discourses of piety and devo- | bination which then oppressed him. ABBOT, George, archbishop of annexed to it, 856. the letter of Mountrose, and Hamilton, 119. Canterbury, unfavourable cha one individual sent to the king made a marquis, 119, 124. head of the violent party, 473. hated his principles, with respect to veterate against the king, ib. a his conduct with regard to the Scotch parliament of 1648, 642, Annesly, president of the 643. supposed to have invited council of state, 891. Cromwell into Scotland, 662. was Antrim, Randal Macdonnel, second the creature of Cromwell, 678. the parliament, 1640, 113. act of the great duke of Buckingham, of 1649, 705 — 707. clogs the with a clause for the covenant, being made lord lieutenant of accepting the proposal, he sends king, 746. receives him respect- his return, ib. made to believe that the king would marry one land, 760. Argyle, ninth earl of, (see lord Lorne.) removed from the government of Arminian points, contentions con- Flanders, and succeeded by don cerning, 37. 610. for what purposes, ib. with Charles II, near Brussels, Armorer, sir Nicholas, 826. Armorer, sir William, 710, 765, 897. Army, the king raises an army of some correspondences between officers of the English army, 97. catholic, is compelled by the king the petition intended to be sub- to give up his estates to his son, scribed by the officers, 98. the 52. retires beyond sea, ib. told true matter of fact concerning of it in the house of commons, earl of, 316, 633, 657, 652, 661, plot between the court and the 662, 663, 738,740, 741, 743, army revived in the house of 750, 751, 761, 780. sides with the commons, 106. the armies dis- Scotch corenanters notwithstand banded, u8. differences between ing his obligations to the king, 51. the parliament and army, through his father's prophetic declaration Cromwell's instigation, 609. divers in exile, 852, their propositions tions in Scotland respecting him, Cromwell is declared head of the ter, ib. army, 610. the army erects a kind ib. and order Lambert's troops to the army, ib. 622, 623. how far army separates accordingly, 835. into the hands of colonel Ham- been influenced in all these trans- actions, 626. his apology for his conduct has been published, ib. by parliament to treat with him Charles I. and Charles II. of any beaten at, 576. the king on military affairs, 482. baron, 553. his part in the battle the posse comitatus of the Welsh counties given to him, 564. ship, 852. Church of England.) Assizes, (see Gaol-delivery.) , (Alethea Talbot,) countess Association of several counties formed under the earl of Man- Aston, sir Arthur, 381, 386. made colonel-general of the king's dra- 307, 308. made commissary-gene- was not known, and much dis- liked where he was, 500. given up to an immoderate love of supposed conspiracy between the ford through the queen's influ- army and court, 107, 116, 283, ence, ib. his hatred of colonel Oxford, 511. be being pensioned and removed from the govern- in him, 599, 625. attended the king Atkins, sergeant, 338. protection of the Scotch army, 601. to be keeper of the great seal, 19. turn, 614. his and sir J. Berkley's Aubigney, George Stewart, lord, of, 23. Waller, 479. |