NOTE. The contract price for framing one and a half, two, and two and a half story houses is very often based upon a certain price per 100 lineal feet of all the billed timber.

4. Suppose that for the framework of a building 34,000 lineal feet of studding, joists, etc., are required. The estimate for labor is 65¢ per 100 lineal feet. At $2.60 a day, how many days' labor will be required?

5. The tin roof of an office building is in measurements as shown in the diagram. A sheet of roofing tin is 14 by 20 in., and a box of tin contains 112 sheets and costs $6. Allowing for side ribs and laps, a box of tin will cover 180 sq. ft. It will take 10 lb. of solder to a box. One man will lay a box in one and a half days. Consider solder worth 15 a pound, and labor $2.40 a day. Find the cost of the roof.

Bricks vary in size. The common brick is 8 in. by 4 in. by 24 in. The labor and material of brick work are usually estimated by the 1000 brick. In measuring up brick walls it is not a general custom to deduct for openings.

To ascertain the number of bricks in a wall first obtain the number of superficial feet; that is, the area of the wall; multiply this by 7 for a 4-in. wall, by 14 for an 8-in. wall,

by 21 for a 12-in. wall, and so on.

In ordinary shell walls take outside surface measurement to allow for the extra bricks needed in matching.

An average day's work is 1500 bricks. The number of bricks a mason will lay in a day on a plain wall will depend largely upon its thickness. The narrower the wall, the Veneered work is much slower, from 400

slower the work.

to 600 bricks being regarded as a day's work.

EXERCISES

1. How many loose bricks in a pile of brick 12 ft. long, 8 ft. 8 in. wide, and 5 ft. high?

NOTE.There is no mortar consideration, therefore find exact number of cubic inches in the pile, and divide by the exact number of cubic inches in a brick.

2. How many bricks will be needed to veneer a blockshaped house with dimensions as shown in the plans?

3. What will it cost to lay 48,000 bricks, including cost of bricks at $6 per 1000, 3 barrels of lime at $1.25 a barrel, 36 bushels of sand at 5o a bushel, and labor at $2.60 a day of a man who can lay 1200 bricks a day, with helper at $1.25 a day?

4. A solid brick wall 2 ft. thick and 15 ft. high, with ground plan as shown in diagram, is to be built. CD is 180 ft.; CE is 160 ft.; and the opening at A is 12 ft. Consider the inside wall as length AB and not length AG. Find the entire cost of the work upon the following basis: (1) Bricks to cost $5.40 per 1000.

(2) Lime to cost $1 per barrel.

(3) One barrel of lime to 2000 bricks. (4) Sand to cost 5 a bushel.

(5) Seven bushels sand to 1000 bricks.

(6) Laying bricks $2.80 per 1000.

5. Find the cost of tuckpointing the brick walls described in Exercise No. 4, inside and outside, at 60 a square yard.

Lesson No. 27. Review

EXERCISES

1. Find the area in acres of a square field whose side is

396 ft.

2. How many common bricks laid flat will be required for a sidewalk 7 ft. 4 in. wide by 200 ft. long?

3. A rectangular garden, 64 ft. long and 35 ft. wide, is surrounded by a walk 3 ft. wide. Find the cost of the walk at 21 a square foot.

4. A map is 1 ft. 4 in. long and 1 ft. wide. If the scale of the map is 21 mi. to an inch, how many square miles of country does it represent?

5. The dimensions of a rectangular floor are 22 ft. 6 in. by 16 ft. 9 in. What will it cost to cover it with oilcloth

at $1.52 a square yard?

6. How many paving stones, each 7 in. long and 4 in. wide, will be required to pave one-quarter of a mile of street, 63 ft. wide?

7. A circular pond, 140 ft. in diameter, is surrounded by a walk 4 ft. wide. Find the area of the walk.

8. A city square is to be laid out as shown in the above diagram. The square ACDB from curb to curb is onesixteenth of a mile on each side. The center is a circular grass plot, with two asphalt walks, each 6 ft. wide, and crossing in the center. From curb to circle at F and G and the other two sides is in each case 72 ft. The entire street

inside of the described square exclusive of the circle, but including the two walks, is asphalted at a cost of $2.40 a square yard. Consider the length of the cross walks in each instance as the diameter of the circle, and find the entire expense.

Lesson No. 28. Square Root

It is necessary here that the student should understand how to find the square root of large numbers. The square of a number is the product of the number by itself; as, 25 is the square of 5, 16 is the square of 4. The square root of a number is the number which multiplied by itself will produce the number; as, 5 is the square root of 25, 12 is the square root of 144.

Suppose that it is necessary to find the square root of 55,225. The process is as follows:

2 155225 235

4

2325

235 the square root.

EXPLANATION. Point off the number into periods of two figures each, beginning at the right. Find the largest possible number which, when squared, will divide the first period. 3 squared is 9, and is too large. 2 squared is 4, and will divide the first period, which is 5. Place the 2 as divisor at the left and in the quotient space at the right. Divide, subtract, and bring down as in long division, except that you must bring down two figures (a period) instead of one figure. Now we