even though they know there is poison therein and that its continued use will finally ruin and destroy them. We repeat it is the duty of the strong to protect the weak from themselves.

Yes, the first great fight against "the rising tide of drunkenness and juvenile delinquency will be won or lost in the American home." But how can the home win against the great and attractive temptations placed in front of the youth when everything possible is being done by the liquor men in the newspapers, magazines, and on the radio to deceive the youth and disrupt the American home?

Great and striking whole page liquor ads in many newspapers and magazines and on the radio programs which make liquor drinking attractive and beautiful are causing thousands of boys and girls to begin the liquor habit.

The great brewery organizations have spent many millions in newspaper and radio advertising trying to deceive the American people and make them believe that beer is a harmless and healthful drink, and millions of good, well-meaning people, both young and old, have been deceived thereby.

The Brewery News in 1932, after 12 years of national prohibition, said: "Not one-tenth of 1 percent of the youth of America know the taste of real beer. We must educate them." That is what national prohibition did for the youth of America, according to the testimony of the liquor men themselves.

At the wine and liquor industries convention held at the Stevens Hotel, Chicago, March 7-15, 1935, soon after the repeal of prohibition the following sentiments were openly expressed in that convention:

Make youth liquor conscious; make it smart to drink. Show young people how to enjoy the delightful wine of America. Teach American women how to drink; invite them and welcome them to your bars and tap rooms. We need to understand the habits of women and the younger generation. Train your publicity to catch the eye and develop the interest of the younger generation. Aim at bringing liquor consumption up to equal the much larger per capita in Europe.

The Brewer's Digest of May 1941, under the title "Beer in the Army Camps" said:

was

One of the finest things that could have happened to the brewing industry to make beer available at Army camps. Here is a chance for brewers to cultivate a taste for beer in millions of young men who will eventually constitute the largest beer-consuming section of our population.

At a retail liquor dealers' association meeting in Ohio in 1912, when discussing how to increase the liquor sales, one speaker arose and said:

We must create the appetite for liquor in the growing boys. Men who drink will die, and if there is no new appetites created our counters will be empty as well as our coffers. The open field for the creation of appetite is among the boys. Nickels expended in treats to boys now will return dollars to your tills after the appetite has been formed.

What could be more devilish than that? But that is scarcely less devilish than the big vivid attractive pictures in many magazines picturing beautiful women and handsome men drinking liquor under apparently delightful circumstances. Millions of boys and girls are being deceived thereby, and by the enticing descriptions of beer and wine over the radio.

The mother, the heart of the home, has a right to be heard at such a time as this. Yesterday was Mother's Day. She appeals to the

Nation, to the Congress, to help her in the unequal struggle against the beverage-liquor traffic and youthful truancy. We appeal to this committee to hear the pathetic appeal coming from the mothers in millions of American homes.

The strength of the Nation is in the heart of the home. When the moral life of the home is broken down, the physical strength of the Nation is also broken. Look at France, once one of the really great nations of the world. But France is now a dying nation. The cancer of immorality has eaten at the heart of the nation so long and so much that proud France of yesterday is now only a shadow of her former greatness. Why? Her failure to appreciate moral values and moral standards. France has long legalized and licensed prostitution. France has licensed gambling. France has licensed the beverageliquor traffic and other great evils. Hence her former greatness has passed away. Shall America follow France in moral decay?

We appeal to the members of this committee to report out this Capper bill, Senate bill No. 265, and urge its early passage by Congress. Bishop HAMMAKER. Dr. J. Warren Hastings, of the Disciples of Christ.

STATEMENT OF DR. J. WARREN HASTINGS, PASTOR, NATIONAL CITY CHRISTIAN CHURCH, WASHINGTON, D. C.

Dr. HASTINGS. My name is J. Warren Hastings. I am pastor of the National City Christian Church in Washington, D. C. I represent my denomination, 2,000,000 strong, the Disciples of Christ, 3206 Thirtyeighth Street, Washington, D. C.

The implication of many of the liquor advertisements is untrue. Admiral William N. Thomas, chief of United States Navy chaplains, recently said:

The implication brought by the liquor ad that big business executives, widely known athletes, famous people to many fields, attained success because of the fact that they drank liquor is untrue. To imply that you have to drink in order to be a success is false. Many liquor ads are giving our children and young people a perverted view of success.

One of the most sensitive and important factors in the life of our Nation, or any nation, is the attitude of her young people. By permitting promiscuous liquor advertising we are striking at the very life line of our Nation.

Those interested in liquor and profiting from its sale have been able, by a salacious advertising campaign, to create the psychology in the minds of multitudes of our people that if you do not like liquor and use it you are peculiar. By permitting these advertisements to continue promiscuously we aline ourselves with the liquor interests. People who have sagged socially because of war pressures, world unrest, private worry, and other causes must be helped rather than hindered. We do not help them by constantly tempting them. By setting beautiful advertisements before their eyes, we are tempting them.

The people of this Nation do not want the Government alined with liquor interests. By permitting the present type of advertising you give the liquor people an advantage which they do not warrant and which is wrong for the country as a whole.

Senator REED. Thank you.

Dr. HASTINGS. It would seem to me that no liquor interest has the psychological_right to deal with the young people and exploit their weaknesses. I happen to be the father of two daughters; one is a junior in a big university. The other is a freshman in a church college. Every place these girls go-they are nice looking, like their father, of course-every place they go, they are tempted to drink. They are told that if they do not drink they are saps. That if you do not drink you are out of step.

Now, they are not morons. I hope they are not down there near the moronic level, but the effort is made to play on their pride and on their sensitivity. They get out socially, and they are told, "Well, you are a peculiar person if you do not drink."

The one in the big State university has just been honored by being elected to their highest sorority; and she says to me-and she is not a prig-she says, "Every place I go they say, 'Come on, Pal, and take a drink.'"

Now, our Government has never been a part of perverting her young people. That is not in our history. That is not in democratic principles. You do not have the right. I do not have the right. They do not have the right to pervert their kids. And if their youngsters are being perverted, they resent it.

Last week we had a woman who made some sort of a reference to communism in our high school out here. We rose up in arms. We had a big investigation. We carried it on the United and AP wires across the United States. We do not want our young people to hold anything peculiar about communism. And yet we tell them all sorts of lies about liquor.

Mr. Chairman-excuse this-but my father was a drunkard. I came out of a background of helping to drag him in after 3-week drunks. I got scars all over my back and arms, and they did not all come from playing college football. A lot of them came from dragging him in drunk. I wonder-can any man who has been through that look at a liquor ad and see where it is painted up, and a young man, is placed in an embarrassing position if he does not drink, like in that ad-how can he say, "I am a real American" and tolerate a thing like that?

If they do not stop these ads, I would be bold enough to prophesy this-that a group of 20 or 30 or 50 of the leading ministers of the country will take the platform and really go after this liquor bunch.

Senator REED. I said a while ago the hard-liquor people have never had any sense.

Dr. HASTINGS. They have none.

Senator REED. It was their disregard of the decency of things that brought on national prohibition, and they do not seem to have learned anything.

Dr. HASTINGS. I just left the juvenile court trying to get help for a mother whose drunken husband walked out on her with a 10-monthold baby, and in 2 more months she will have the second baby. He got wound up with liquor.

American people will not stand for this thing, and America is from coast to coast and from Canada to Mexico. It is not just in big cities. The 1 out of 2 people in America live in places of 10,000 population or

more. The American people will not stand for such a desecration of their rights and a flaunting of privileges in their faces.

I thank you very much.

Senator REED. Thank you.

Bishop HAMMAKER. Next we shall hear from Mr. Carthy R. Ryals, Jr., a prelaw student at George Washington University, who is very active in youth organizations.

Mr. Ryals!

STATEMENT OF CARTHY R. RYALS, JR., PRELAW STUDENT, GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, WASHINGTON, D. C.

Mr. RYALS. I am Carthy R. Ryals, Jr. My legal residence is 17 Homer Street, Mobile 17, Ala. I have been working with the youth and crusading with the youth of today for tomorrow.

Mr. Chairman, the committee, interested citizens, in the light of the hearing now in progress on Senator Capper's bill, classified as S. 265, to outlaw interstate advertisement of alcoholic beverages, I have asked permission to be heard.

In the consideration and debate of the passage of this said bill, do not overlook the positive fact that tomorrow we, the youth of today, will hold the positions of responsibility. We will be, tomorrow, the Members of Congress, the members of the Cabinet, the President, diplomats, and the businessmen of this Nation and the world.

Today, these men are making the laws by which we will live tomorrow. Childhood to adulthood is only a day. The happiness and cooperation we are to have among fellowmen tomorrow is decided, to a large extent, through the laws made today.

We ask the leaders of today with a serious sincereness in our hearts to think not of their happiness when making these laws but of ours. We plead for recognition. The passage of this bill will play a decisive factor in the successful mechanical functioning of this Nation tomorrow. Looking back on history, it is very simple to see the total destruction to the immorality and ungodliness this beverageis reaping. Yes; today this very alcohol is bringing about the rapid downfall of our great country.

Yes; America-God's country-what mockery! We are a nation. of drunken and immoral fools!

Realizing the future ahead of us and the disastrous and sinful crisis the world is now facing, we, as the youth of today, demand Congress to pass this bill. We ask action-now.

I have spoken in behalf of the youth of these United States of America.

Thank you.

Biship HAMMAKER. Rev. G. M. Robb, representing the Reformed Presbyterian Church.

STATEMENT OF REV. G. M. ROBB, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN

CHURCH, YEADON, PA.

Mr. ROBB. Mr. Chairman, my name is G. M. Robb, of 942 Church Lane, Yeadon, Pa. I am a minister of the Reformed Presbyterian Church and represent their temperance committee.

We are strong believers in total abstinence.

In 1845 our members were no longer permitted to engage in the liquor traffic. Since 1882 our members have not engaged in the manufacture, use, or sale of intoxicating liquor as a beverage.

The position of total abstinence has been our church's position from that time to the present.

It can be seen quite easily that the advertising of liquor does a very great disservice to our people. On the one hand, they have their loyalty to the church and to its teachings, and their desire to remain true to its teachings; but, on the other hand, they cannot escape from this constant bombardment of liquor advertisements in newspapers and magazines, over the radio, which come right into the sanctity of their own homes.

In 1946 the Synod of the Reformed Presbyterian Church took official action favoring legislation which would prohibit liquor advertising. Thank you.

Senator REED. Bishop, you may call your next witness.

Bishop HAMMAKER. Dr. J. Raymond Schmidt, of the International Order of Good Templars.

STATEMENT OF DR. J. RAYMOND SCHMIDT, INTERNATIONAL ORDER OF GOOD TEMPLARS, WASHINGTON, D. C.

Dr. SCHMIDT. I am J. Raymond Schmidt of Washington, D. C. Mr. Chairman, and members of the committee, I thank you for the opportunity of appearing here as a citizen, as national superintendent of legislative work of the National Grand Lodge of the International Order of Good Templars and as general superintendent of the National Civic League.

Repeal was accompanied with glib promises of more temperate drinking habits throughout the country. Especially was there to be less drinking among young people.

That the reverse is true can be traced to the founding and rapid growth of Alcoholics Anonymous, whose membership is comprised entirely of rehabilitated alcoholics, not all of them being older people. Further proof of the falsity of repeal claims can be seen in the large number of sanitaria springing up all over the country for the treatment of problem drinkers and chronic alcoholics. Had repeal promises come true there should not have been an increase in the number of such institutions.

Even the establishment of such a worthy institution as the Yale School of Alcohol Studies can be attributed to the growth of intemperance in the United States. The scientists first became interested in the problem of alcoholism about 10 years after repeal, or when the number of chronic alcoholics and heavy drinkers became so large as to be alarming. The Yale school estimates that there are from 750,000 to 1,000,000 cronic alcoholics and from 2,000,000 to 3,000,000 excessive drinkers in the country.

Dr. Hersey, a noted psychiatrist, speaking at the 1946 summer session of the Yale School of Alcohol Studies, discussed the three reasons why men and women start drinking. First, there are those