large animal brains have great animal power, in spite of their intellectual deficiency. A moderate-sized head, of which the brain is chiefly in the anterior or intellectual region, will have much more wit or cleverness than the other. Its power will be intellectual.

DIVISION OR CLASSIFICATION OF THE FACULTIES.

The faculties have been divided by Gall and Spurzheim into two great orders-FEELING and INTELLECT, or AFFECTIVE and INTELLECTUAL FACULTIES. The Feelings are divided into two genera—the Propensities and the Sentiments. By a propensity is meant an internal impulse, which incites to a certain action, and no more; by a sentiment, a feeling which, although it has inclination, has also an emotion superadded.

The second order of faculties, the Intellectual, also suffers division into the Perceptive or Knowing, and the Reflective Faculties. The Perceptive Faculties are again divided into three genera-1st, the External Senses and Voluntary Motion; 2d, the Internal Powers which perceive existence, or make man and animals acquainted with external objects and their physical qualities; and, 3d, the Powers which perceive the relations of external objects. The fourth genus comprises the Reflective Faculties, which act on all the other powers; in other words, compare, discriminate and judge.

The following is a representation of a bust of the human head in four points of view-front, side, back and top-with the organs marked by numbers; and there follows a table of the names of the organs synoptically given, before we proceed to describe each faculty as related to its organ.

The propensities are common to man and the lower animals; they neither perceive nor reason, but only feel.

No. 1.-Amativeness.

This organ-marked No. 1 on the bust-is situated immediately over the nape of the neck, and fills up the space between the ears behind, or rather between the mastoid processes, or projecting bones behind the ears. It generally forms a projection in that part, and gives a thickness to the neck when it is large, and a spareness when small. The cerebellum, or little brain, is or at least contains the organ of this propensity.

No. 2. Philoprogenitiveness.

This, in man as well as animals, is the feeling of the love of offspring. It depends on no other faculty, as reason or benevolence; it is primitive; and in the mother, who, for wise reasons, is gifted with it most strongly, its object, the infant, instantly rouses it to a high state of excitement. The feeling gives a tender

sympathy generally with weakness and helplessness; and we find it often returned by the young themselves to the old and feeble. It is essential to a soft kind attendant on the sick, to a nurse or nursery-maid, and to a teacher of youth. It induces women to make pets of small and gentle animals, when tyrant circumstances have kept them single, and denied them offspring of their own. Its feelings are, by a kind Providence, rendered so delightful, that they are extremely apt to be carried the length of excess; and spoiling and pampering children, into vicious selfishness, is sometimes the ruinous consequence.

No. 3.-Inhabitiveness-Concentrativeness.

This organ is situated immediately above the preceding. It prompts men to settle instead of roaming, which latter habit is inconsistent with agriculture, commerce and civilization; nostalgia, or home-sickness, is the disease of this feeling.

No. 4.-Adhesiveness.

This organ attaches men, and even animals, to each other, and is the foundation of that pleasure which we feel, not only in bestowing, but receiving friendship. It is the only faculty which prompts the embrace and the shake by the hand, and gives the joy of being reunited to friends. Acting in conjunction with Amativeness, it gives constancy and duration to the attachment of the married. Amativeness alone will not be found sufficient for this. Hence the frequent misery of sudden love-marriages, as they are called, founded on that single impulse. The feeling attaches many persons to pets, such as birds, dogs, rabbits, horses,

and other animals, especially when combined with Philoprogenitiveness. With this combination, the girl lavishes caresses on her doll and on her little companions. Added to Nos. 1, 2 and 3, with which it is in immediate contact and ascertained fibrous connection in the brain, it completes what has been called the domestic group of organs, or the love of spouse, children, home, and the friends of home, as brothers, sisters, cousins, &c. These domestic feelings bind the dwellers under the same roof to each other faster than chains of brass. The finger of God is here, benevolently, effectually, beautifully; for he has made the bond not irksome, but exquisitely delightful. Some of our ballads express Adhesiveness with much beauty. "John Anderson, my jo," and "There's nae luck about the house when our gudeman's awa"," are most touching examples. The feeling is strongest in woman. Her friendships, generally speaking, are more ardent than man's. The faculty is not kindness or benevolence; it is instinctive attachment, often felt by those who are selfish in everything else selfish even in their attachments. It is the faculty which prompts man to live in society; and its existence overturns the absurd theory of Rousseau and some others, that man is solitary, and that mutual interest alone brings men to congregate with their fellow-men.

No. 5-Combativeness.

The organ of this propensity extends its functions to contention in general, whether physical or moral. The condition of the physical world, full of difficulties and dangers, seems in itself to make it necessary that man should possess a faculty giving the impulse to