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INDEX.

Adams, John, sedition law passed during his presidency, 229.
Adams, J. Q., on adoption of constitution, 26; elected president by

house, 86, note 1.

Admission of new states, 33, 76, note 2, 185.

Albany congress of 1754. 4.

Alien and sedition laws, 40, note 2, 229.

Aliens, non-naturalized, may bave franchise, 72.

Amendment of the constitution, 15, 28, 31 (note), 52, 262.

Amendment of state constitutions, 292.

Amendments, ratification of thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth, 31,

note.

Annapolis convention of 1786, 15.
Appropriations, 131, and note.
Appropriations, statistics of, 135.

Articles of confederation, 3, 8.

Arthur, Chester A., becomes president, 83; negotiates commercial

treaties, 204, note.

Arrests, 257.

Assembly, right of, 230.

Attainder, bills o., 223.

Attempts at federation, 4.

Bank of the United States, 126, note 2.

Bearing arms, right of, 230.

Benevolent institutions (state), 284.

Bible in public schools, 309.

Bill of rights, 29, 50, 267.

Bills of attainder, 223.

Brevet rank, 197.

Cabinet, has no executive power, 83; no constitutional existence, 90:

no legal or political responsibility, 90

Cabinet in the states, 288.

Calhoun, John C., on nullification, 40.
Capitation taxes (state), 299.

Charters, 233.

Checks and balances, system of, 60.
Church and state, 225, 314.

Citizens of the separate states, 248.

City government, 329.

Civil rights, 257.

Civil service reform, 106, note, 208, note, 256, 275, 290.

Cleveland, Grover, opposes coinage of silver, 124, note.

Clinton, George, opposes ratification of the constitution, 25.
Coins and coinage, 124, note.

Colleges and universities, 313.
Common law in America, 161.
Commerce, 136.

Comity between states, 242.

Committees of congress, 109.

Committees of the whole, 111, note 1.

Compulsory education, 306.

Concurrent jurisdiction of state and federal courts, 212.

Concurrent powers in general, 56; as to taxation, 120; as to trade and

commerce, 142, 147.

Condemnation, 253, 261, note 1.

Confederation, articles of, 3, 8.

Conflicts of authority, in general, 58.

Congress (Albany) of 1754, 4; (New York) of 1765, 5; (Philadelphia)
of 1774, 5; (do.) of 1775, 6.

Congress, election of its members, 71; its sessions, 81; organization,
81; powers over its own members, 103; judicial functions, 103;
privileges and immunities of members, 104; their salaries, 105;
procedure, 108; committees, 109, note; general powers, 116; finan-
cial tasks, 130; regulates immigration, 148; naturalization, 149;
postoffices, 150; its power to build post-roads, 150, note 3; regu-
lates weights and measures, 150; patents and copyrights, 151; its
criminal jurisdiction, 153; treason, 154; impeachment, 158; pow-
ers as to foreign relations, 163, 199, note 1; war powers, 164, 194;
militia, 171; District of Columbia. 172; national property, 174;
territories, 175; admission of new states, 185; controls suspen-
sion of habeas corpus, 196; decides whether state government is
republican in form, 238.

Congressional elections, 71.

Conscription, 167.

Constitution, ratification of, 24; amendment of, 52, 262; rules for its
interpretation and construction, 55, 116.

Constitutions (state), in general, 266; their constituent parts, 267.

Constitutional conventions (state), 264.

Contracts, 231.

Controversies between states, 219.

Conventions, constitutional (state), 264.

Conventions, national, 87.

Conventions of 1780 (Hartford), 13; of 1786 (Annapolis), 15; of 1787

(Philadelphia), 16, 43.

Copyrights, 152.

Copyrights, international, 153.

Criminal law, congressional powers concerning, 154.

Criminal procedure, 258.

Corporations, municipal, 324.

Court-martials, 197, note 3.

Courts, federal, jurisdiction of, 211; practice and pleading in, 221.
Courts, state, 291.

Courts, territorial, 98, note.

Counties, 325.

County officers, 326.

Dartmouth College case, 235.

Debt, public, 117; statistics of, 126, note 2.

Debts of states, 279.

Declaration of Independence, 7.

Demonetization of silver, 124, note.

Department of justice, organization and work of, 95, note.

Departments, the executive, 95, and note

Direct taxes, 73, note 2.

District of Columbia, 172.

Division of powers, 67.

Divorce, national law of, suggested, 243.

Due process of law, 252.

Duties on exports, 118, and note.

Duties on imports, statistics of, 121, note 2.

Education, compulsory, 306.

Election of president and vice-president, 85.

Election, presidential, of 1876, 88.

Elections, congressional, 71, 77.

Elective judiciary (state), 292.

Electoral college, 87.

Electoral commission of 1876, 88.

Electoral votes disputed, Missouri in 1821; Michigan in 1827; Wis-
consin in 1857; Louisiana in 1873; Florida, South Carolina and
Louisiana in 1877, 81.

Electors, presidential, how chosen, 85.

Emancipation proclamation, 115, note 2; 195, note 1.

Eminent domain, 253, 261, note 1.

Enabling acts, 187.

Executive departments, 95, and note.

Executive power, belongs wholly to president, 82.

Executive power in the states, 285.

Export duties, 118 and note.

Extradition, in general, 245; cannot be compelled, 246.

Ex post facto laws, 223.

Factory laws, 283.

Federal and state authority, limits of, 56.

Federal courts, jurisdiction of, 211; practice and pleading in, 221.

Federal government, powers of, 53; organization of, 66.

Federal judges, salaries of, 106.

Federation, early attempts at, 4.

Fillmore, Millard, 83.

Finance, 117.

Forestry, 282.

Foreign relations, 163, 198.

Franchise may be given non-naturalized aliens, 72.

Freedom of conscience, 223.

Freedom of the press, 228.

Freedom of speech, 228.

Governor of a state, his functions, 286.

Granger cases, 235.

Grant, U. S., seeks third term nomination, 69, note; recommends
purchase of telegraph lines by government, 145, note 2; proposes
constitutional amendment providing for non-sectarian public
schools, 310, note 2.

Habeas corpus, suspension of, 196.

Hamilton, Alexander, writes the Federalist, 24; recommends a na-
tional bank, 126, note 2.

Hartford convention of 1780, 13.

Hayes, R. B., how he became president, 90; vetoes law remonetizing
silver, 124, note.

Henry, Patrick, opposes unconditional ratification of the constitu-

tion, 24.

Historical method, 2.

Homestead exemption, 298, note 2.

Houston, Samuel, 103, note 2.

Illinois, minority representation in, 269, note.

Immigration, 148.

Impeachment, 158.

Implied powers, 54, 116.

Implied restrictions on state action, 271.

Import duties, statistics of, 121, note 2.

Imports, statistics of, 121, note 2.

Income taxes (state), 301.

Independence, declaration of, 7.

Indians, 136, notes 2, 3; 248, note 4.

Individual rights, 251.

Instruction, right of, 78.

Internal improvements, 150, note 3; 276, 280.

Interior department, organization and work of, 95, note.

International copyright, 153.

Interpretation of constitution, rules for, 55, 116.

Jackson, Andrew, his farewell address, 115, note 1; his views on in-
ternal improvements, 150, note 3; demoralizes the civil service,
208.

Jefferson, Thomas, opposes the two-chamber system, 20.

Johnson, Andrew, becomes president, 83; his conflict with congress,
93, note.

Johnston, R. N., elected vice-president by senate, 86, note 2.

Judges, federal, hold office during good behavior, 98; their salaries,
106.

Judicial powers of United States, 60.

Jurisdiction, concurrent, of state and federal courts, 212.

Jury, in criminal cases, 259; in civil cases, 261.

Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, 40, note 2.

Laisser faire theory, 280.

Land grants, 178, 276, note, 305.

Lands, national, survey and sale of, 179, note.

Law, due process of, 252.

League (New England) of 1643, 4.

Lee, Robert E., opposes secession, 157.

Legal tender cases, 62, note.

Legal tenders, 122, 125, note 3.

Legislative methods (state), 272.

Legislatures (state), in general, 268; cannot instruct senators, 80.
License and business taxes (state), 302.

Lincoln, Abraham, his emancipation proclamation, 115, note 2; 195,
note 1.

Madison, James, aids in writing the Federalist and carries ratifica-
tion in Virginia, 25; his views on conditional ratification, 26;

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