know that man from Nazareth who has done so much good? They say He is crucified; He is hanging on a cross outside the walls."

In comes another girl. "More wonderful things than ever have happened. They say the grave is empty and that He is risen from the dead."

Then another answers: "That is what the Psalmist says 'Thou wilt not leave my soul in hell; neither wilt thou suffer thine Holy One to see corruption.'

As I heard those Jewish girls reciting those truths with intelligence and spirit, and realized that they were of the stock of Abraham who were talking about the Messiah, it nearly broke me down. Those girls never can be what they have been before. All that is needed now is the baptism of the Spirit to break the darkness and bring them into the light.

What is needed is not men and women who go down to the poor to minister only to their bodies or to their minds alone. That work is good; but we need those who will minister to the whole man. You can clothe a man from head to foot and not change him morally one particle. He will pawn everything you have given him and then come for another suit. But if you change a man's heart the suit will take care of itself. When a man is changed internally, externalities begin to change; but if you do not change him internally, "the sow returns to her wallowing in the mire."

Some time ago I received a letter from President Hall, of Clark University, on the subject of conversion from the psychological standpoint. He wanted me to gather a lot of statements from John Jaeger, S. H. Hadley, and others. These men would not understand the questions he asked. One was this: "What was your mental concept as to the process through which you would have to pass in case you were converted?" Mental concept! Another question was: "Describe in detail the moral

crises through which you have passed, and if you have had more than one momentous crisis, let us have the story." What would John Jaeger know about "moral crises"? I sent them out and received two answers; that was all. One was from S. H. Hadley saying:

"I do not understand these questions. Enclosed you will find a tract entitled 'My First and Last Drink.' Maybe that will do." It was the story of how he began and closed his drinking life.

The other reply was from John Jaeger. Before he was converted he was the terror of his wife, children, and of the neighborhood. He answered: "What is this? I can't understand it?"

"They want to know how you were converted."

"Oh, well, there is a lady at the mission; she can tell; I can't write it out." That is all the material I gathered for the Clark University psychological method of conversion. I wrote to Dr. Hall: "What you should do is to come down to some rescue mission, and this is what you will hear:

'Brothers, when I came in here six months ago I did not have a shirt to my back; my children were afraid of me; my wife did not know where I was half the time, and here I found Jesus, praised be His Name. Now I am back with my wife and children, I have a white shirt, and $10 in the bank.'”

The

That is the psychology of it. fact is there has been a revolution worked in that man by Divine grace. That is why in city mission work it is not an evolution as much as a revolution that breaks up the old and implants the new, and nourishes it until it brings forth fruit. Glory to God's Name: this is the theme and end and aim of all mission work, whether it is in the city or country; the bringing of men again into living communion with God and establishing and perfecting Christ's likeness in the heart of man and woman and child.

Missions in Turkey are embarrassed by the drain of emigration more than by all other drawbacks and hindrances. This is a factor against which energy has no antidote. Persecution we can bear; opposition we can overcome; stubborn unbelief we can enlighten; stolid indifference we can interest; but what can we do with nothing? Multiplication of a minus quantity only increases the deficit. We have hoped for the reflex influence of the emigrants, or their return laden with new ideas and inspiration, but with few exceptions we have had none of these offsets to the loss. Our only consolation is that He who sent us here is in some mysterious way at the bottom of this movement. His mill grinds slowly, but it never ceases and is never out of order. At least He can improve the situation to exercise our faith in the infinite and far-reaching wisdom of God, who knows the end from the beginning.

This is a side of the problem which many Christians at home have overlooked. It is similar to that of some home churches whose members migrate to more desirable localities.

THE AWAKENING OF THE MOSLEM

When American missionaries first entered Turkey the great mass of the people knew neither how to read nor to write. The missionaries saw that no reform could be introduced without inaugurating some system of education, and as a result Christian schools and colleges were founded. This work has progressed until to-day there are scattered throughout the Turkish Empire from Salonica in Eastern Turkey and from the Black Sea to Arabia, well organized, modern

educational institutions, including kindergarten schools, the intermediate, boarding-schools for both young men and young women, colleges for both sexes, and theological seminaries. The American Board alone has been instrumental in starting nine collegiate institutions, two of which are exclusively for women. Two institutions, sively for women. Robert College, in Constantinople, and the Syrian Protestant College, at Beirut, Syria, are independent. In them are trained men and women who are

rapidly coming to the front in the empire as leaders in educational, religious, and industrial reform. The medical school in connection with the Syrian Protestant College in Beirut trains physicians for all parts of the empire.

Including the preparatory departments, there are not less than six thousand pupils studying in connection with these collegiate institutions, and all under Christian training. Besides these American institutions there are many schools of lower grade which have been brought into existence through the efforts in the cause of education by the American schools. The Mohammedans themselves have been compelled to greatly improve their entire educational system.

"A

Dr. James L. Barton says: large part of the intellectual awakening of Turkey is due to the press. When mission work began there was not a paper or periodical in the entire empire. At present, in the chief languages spoken in the country, there are annually issued from the mission presses at Beirut and at Constantinople some sixty millions of pages of Christian literature, the Bible in whole and in part, and periodicals. As a Christianizing and civilizing force in the empire, nothing ranks above the power of the Christian press.

The three branches of missionary work, education, and medical work have all wrought a revolution in the Turkish Empire which is operating to-day with a mighty force."

THE SALVATION ARMY LAND SCHEME

The Salvation Army has, perhaps, come nearest to the actual practical solution of the problem of the unemployed poor. General Booth's scheme is briefly epitomized by himself as "bringing the landless man into contact with the manless land." Nearly twenty years ago he concluded that the best and wisest plan was to settle those who were without homes and work upon land that needed tillage, and could furnish homes and industrial employment for willing hands; and he and his son Bramwell have been ever since studying and experiThe exmenting along these lines. periments made on a small scale have been so successful as to encourage others on a larger basis. Mr. George Herring contributes $500,000 toward financing such a scheme of home colonization. The conditions of the grant are three: (1) A portion of the money is to be expended at once in an initiatory effort. (2) The entire amount is to be paid again in twenty-five instalments to the King's Hospital Fund. (3) The Salvation Army is to control, conduct, and supervise the effort. "This," said the General, "involves the provision for each settler of about five acres and a cottage when required, the finding of stock, seed, implements and other means necessary to the cultivation of the land." The expenses for all this it is proposed to charge to the settler, and to be paid by him in instalments extending over a term of years, at the end of which the holding is his own.

THE CRISIS OF DECISION FOR CHRIST

In view of Dr. Torrey's wide and successful evangelistic campaign, and the recent criticism of his methods as those of special propaganda of narrow theological views, it may be worth while to put on record his plan of after-meeting work, as he himself explained it in Toronto. It may also suggest to mission workers, at home and abroad, useful hints as to methods

of dealing with inquirers, in the peculiar crisis of decision upon which so much turns. When those who respond to the invitation, come forward to the front seats, there meet the body of trained workers, a card is handed to each, bearing the title, "God's Sure Promise," John i:12, being printed in full, and, underneath, are six items, each fortified by a text, as follows: I Believe God's Testimony

Concerning Jesus Christ, that my iniquity was laid upon Him (Isaiah liii:6), that He bore my sins in His body on the Cross (I. Peter ii:24), and that He hath redeemed me from the curse of the law of God (which I had broken) by becoming a curse for me (Gal. iii:13).

I Do Now Accept Jesus

as my Sin-bearer and Savior, and believe what God tells me in His Word, that all my sins are forgiven, because Jesus died in my place (Acts xiii:38-39). I Also Believe God's Testimony

concerning Jesus Christ, that He is both Lord and Christ (anointed King); and I do now receive Him to be my Lord and King (Acts ii:36).

I Yield to Him

the control of all I am and all I havemy thoughts, my words, my actions. Lord Jesus, Thou art my Lord; I belong to Thee. I surrender all to Thee.

I Purpose to Confess My Lord Jesus

before the world, as I shall have opportunity (Rom. x:9-10), and to live to please Him in all that I do each day (Gal. i:10).

I Will Take No Man

for my example, but Jesus only (I. John ii:6, Matt. xvii :5-8).

Having Thus Received Jesus Christ

I know on the authority of God's sure word of promise that I am a child of God (John 1:12), and that I have everlasting life (John iii:36).

Certainly in all this there is a plain, straightforward dealing with an inquiring soul, on a thoroughly Scripture basis, and if any one can improve it, let him try and give the results to others. We feel sure many will be glad of hints so helpful.

UNION OF CANADIAN CHRISTIANS

The "United Church of Canada" is pronounced by some a movement so extraordinary as to find no parallel for centuries. The joint committee of Presbyterian, Congregational, and

Methodist Churches have published a report that the Toronto Globe pronounces "the most remarkable ecclesiastical document issued in Protestant Christendom since the Reformation." This committee finds, neither "in doctrine, policy, institutions or spirit," any "insuperable obstacle to organic union." All indications point to the formation of "The United Church of Canada." A common creed has been formulated, and plans are on foot for adjusting all diverse elements in church polity and administration. If the present outlook proves prophetic, the new Church will embrace onethird of the whole population of Canada-or about 1,800,000 members.

BOOKER WASHINGTON AND
TUSKEGEE

On January 22 a mass-meeting was held in Carnegie Hall, New York, in aid of the Tuskegee Institute. It was the silver jubilee, the work having begun in 1881, in a shanty, with thirty pupils, which has grown into a great educational center for the colored folk, with more than eight buildings and 2,300 acres. It has sent out in these twenty-five years more than 6,000 graduates to teach their race and to show them, in themselves, what an education can do to uplift them and capacitate them for true citizenship. It now enrolls 1,300 pupils, and has an endowment fund of over a million dollars. But, like a healthy boy that outgrows his clothes, because he is so vigorous, this work clamors for more money and will get it, for it com'mends itself to the good judgment even of practical business men. Washington asks nearly two million dollars more, and Carnegie Hall was packed to greet him, and such wellknown men as Joseph H. Choate, Robt. C. Ogden, and Mark Twain lent him their open support, while the "first families of New York" crowded the boxes. A special train in April is to take visitors to Tuskegee, for the

celebration of the anniversary, and speeches are promised from Secretary Taft, President Eliot, Bishop of Galloway, and Andrew Carnegie.

The American people are proud of Booker Washington, who has all the capacity of a statesman. He has faced a problem that brought perplexity and dismay to great men, in Church and State; and it is not too much to say that he is solving it. The illiteracy of the Southern negroes has, since the war of forty years ago, been reduced by one-half. So says Secretary Murphy, of the Southern Education Board, and Dr. Washington has been a conspicuous factor in this immense reduction. No graduate of Tuskegee is in any penitentiary or asylum, and the demand for these educated negroes far exceeds the possible supply. Negro doctors, lawyers, teachers, and preachers have gone forth, and better still, perhaps, men and women fitted for all industrial employments, trained as farmers, dairymen, tradesmen, for self-support and teaching others selfsupport.

One hope we cherish for Tuskegee that in all this growth and success this work of Dr. Washington may not be unduly secularized. The danger is that institutions that become popular and are largely endowed become morally lax and religiously broad, losing their evangelical character, as some others have done, which originally were nurseries of piety and missions, but have become hothouses of skepticism and liberalism. If Tuskegee can hold its evangelical character intact, all disciples of Christ will both delight in its success and contribute to it. We desire, above all, that a race so naturally religious as the negro may be directed toward a truly Christian development and service. Dr. Washington's work should be followed with much believing prayer. It may prove a grand factor not only in the evangelization of the colored people of the South, but in missions in the Dark Continent.

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MISSIONARIES ON FURLOUGH

"Yorkshire," a writer in the Bombay Guardian, not himself a missionary, discusses this subject rationally and sympathetically. He says: "Missionary problems are nowadays so much to the front that it is somewhat surprising attention has not been directed to the personal needs of missionaries, particularly those on furlough." He says: "Societies do not, as a rule, profess to pay salaries according to the value of the worker, but only subsistence allowances. In the case of India, however, the basis of calculation is on the scale of prices forty years ago," and much the same for the United States, if it be true that within eight years the cost of living has increased more than 33 per cent. The writer calls attention to the fact that, “In some cases salaries stop when the mission field is left, and are replaced by home allowances on a smaller scale, so that the missionaries' income has to be supplemented at the expense of the wear and tear of deputation work, or some other labor, while he is supposed to be enjoying a well-earned rest. The missionary needs quite as much at home, as a rule, as in the field. "The knack of housekeeping at home has been lost. Many helps are lacking which those have who have a fixed habitation. Allowances should recognize the fact that holiday-time means not bare subsistence, but a little freer margin." Friends are to be visited, and sometimes entertained, and those long deprived of home enjoyments should. have something to secure a little recreation for themselves and family. "Yorkshire" pleads for generous and considerate treatment at home as partial compensation for years of expatriation, often under lonely and trying circumstances. "A man should have at least as much at home as abroad, and systematic care is required to make the worker's stay at home pleasant. Much could be done at very small cost by a little kindly thought

and planning. Societies are careful to give the outgoing missionary a good send-off. Are they equally careful to greet the home-coming man?" The missionary may return from far up in the Himalayas, or from the jungles of India, or from inland China, or the depths of the Dark Continent, hungering for home and friends and Christian cheer. Through illness he may be physically depressed, melancholy changes may await him in the homeland. A little study and delicate art in missionary societies and their supporters might lift shadows and scatter sunshine. "Do societies ever think that among the refined men and women who have borne the heat and burden of the day are those to whom books, pictures, music, the art and brightness of life are among the most precious enjoyments? Do they ever ask, How can we make their holiday really restful and happy?"

T. J. SCOTT.

D. M. STEARNS AND "KINGDOM TIDINGS"

This brother writes that a remark made to him by the editor-in-chief, about sixteen years ago, has been bearing increasing fruit until this day. He says:

"So far as I can remember, it was a remark made to me by you, on the train from Scranton to New York, that started all this work, or, at least, gave it tremendous impetus. Your words were to this effect: 'My brother, remember that your parish is not your field; the field, as our Lord tells us, is the world, and your church is the working force to work the field; and committed to you by God to train for Him, that through them He may till the field.""

That remark, almost forgotten by the man who casually made it, stirred up Mr. Stearns to plan an activity that, instead of being limited to his small parish, should aim to make his church. people his coworkers in the larger world-field. Such blessing has followed his larger labors that through