RECENT BOOKS

The Autotoxicoses: Their Theory, Pathology and Treatment. By Heinrich Stern, Ph.M., M.D., New York, Professor of Special Medical Pathology and Therapy in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Boston; Director of the Institute for Medical Diagnosis and Research in the city of New York; Physician-in-chief, Philanthropin Hospital in the city of New York; Pediatrist and Pathologist, Misericordia Hospital and the Hartsdale Infirmary; Consulting Physician, Metropolitan and Red Cross Hospitals; Chairman, Section on Pharmacology, American Medical Association; Permament Member, Medical Society, State of New York: Fellow of the New York Academy of Medicin, etc. 12mo., 222 pages. Price, $1, postpaid. Chicago: C. P. Engelhard & Co., 1906.

After a brief historical epitome, the author takes up the general considerations of the subject. Intestinal autointoxication; food and drug idiosyncracies; dermatosis; narcolepsy; mental diseases; acidosis;

nucleolysis and combined retention-hystolytic autotoxicosis, are followed by ten pages of critical considerations. He covers the ground of uremia, and of the physico-autotoxic state thoroly. He sums up the whole matter masterfully in "recapitulations and conclusions." Part second consists of 89 pages of general and special therapeutical directions. This little book is a valuable one to all thinking practicians who seek something newer and farther reaching than the rehasht text-books.-A. L. R.

Surgical Suggestions. Practical Brevities in Surgical Diagnosis and Treatment. By Walter M. Brickner, M.D., Chief of Surgical Department, Mount Sinai Hospital Dispensary, New York; Editor, American Journal of Surgery, and Eli Moschcowitz, M.D., Assistant Physician, Mount Sinai Hospital Dispensary, New York; Editorial Associate, American Journal of Surgery. Duodecimo; 60 pages. New York: Surgery Publishing Co., 1906. Cloth, 50 cents.

This little book is novel, not only on account of the many original terse and epigrammatic practical suggestions given, but its general appearance and attractiv form. It contains 250 suggestions groupt under proper headings, and its contents are carefully indext. While some of the items are familiar to the practical surgeon, they are presented in a manner that will impress them on the reader's memory. The book is bound in heavy cloth, stampt in gold, and the text is printed upon India tint paper with marginal headings in red. This book will be much appreciated by the general practician, not alone on account of the value of its contents, but as an artistic bit of book making.

The Practical Medicin Series: Volume III, The Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat. Edited by Casey A. Wood, C.M., M.D., D.C.L., Albert H. Andrews, M.D., Gustavus P. Head, M.D. Series 1906. Publisht by The Year-Book Publishers, 40 Dearborn street, Chicago, Ill. Price, $1.50.

This is one of ten volumes issued during the year, each volume being a review of the subject upon which it treats for the year just passed. Any volume may be bought singly. This book contains 358 pages and an index. It is of slight interest to the general practician, but, on account of several interesting cases reported, it will be appreciated by those interested in any of the specialties covered.-A. L. R.

The International Medical Annual. A Year-Book of Treatment and Practician's Index. 1906, twenty-fourth year. Publisht by E. B. Treat & Co., 241-243 West 23d street, New York, N. Y. Price, $3.

Altho an old and valued friend, this issue contains more valuable matter than has ever before been included. It contains 564 pages and an index. It has also a list of the most notable medical works of the preceding year. This book will afford material assistance to all practicians desiring to keep abreast of modern trends of thought and experience, while it is a veritable mint of therapeutical suggestions. We would not want to do without it, and we believe every practising doctor should have a copy. There is nothing new, of merit, that has been omitted, and every item may be depended upon as reflecting the actual status of authority toward any given method or plan of treatment.-A. L. R.

The Prophylaxis and Treatment of Internal Diseases. Designed for the use of practicians and of advanced students of medicin. By F. Forchheimer, M.D., Professor of Theory and Practise of Medicin and Clinical Medicin, Medical College of Ohio, Department of Medicin of the University of Cincinnati; Physician to the Good Samaritan Hospital; Member of the Association of American Physicians, etc. Publisht by D. Appleton & Co., New York and London, 1906. Price, $5.

This book contains 613 pages, and indices. It presents the fruits of 30 years' experience in hospital and private practise, and is only a compilation as regards tropical diseases, where the author has had no practise. In advising methods or drugs, the author first names those which he prefers, and afterwards, other methods advised by accepted authorities. All modern therapeutical aids are recognized, hence considerable space is devoted to hydrotherapy, gymnastics, exercise, diet, etc. When, for any reason, it is deemed advisable that he be explicit as to the method of giving medication, he outlines the prescription in full; this feature will be appreciated in contrast to the vague generalities so common in works on practise. He treats of surgery only enuf to make clear the indications. He heedlessly tramples down the boundaries of the specialist in his zeal to aid the general practician in all places where he might need instruction. He has attempted "cutting a wide swath," and his blade is keen; the book is one after our own heart. When he has inducted his reader to completing a correct diagnosis, the reader finds that he has just begun, for he carries him thru to the conclusion of all indicated remedial measures.-A. L. R.

Carr's Pediatrics. The Practise of Pediatrics by Eminent Authorities. Edited by Walter Lester Carr, M.D., Consulting Physician to the French Hospital; Visiting Physician to the Infants' and Children's Hospital, New York. In one very handsome octavo volume of 1014 pages with 199 engravings and 32 fullpage plates in colors and monochrome. Cloth, $6, net; leather, $7, net; half morocco, $8, net. Lea Brothers & Co., publishers, Philadelphia and New York, 1906.

A glance thru the list of contributors convinces the reader that the combined labors will be valuable, for each writer is a clinician of experience in his chosen field, and each is eminently fitted to write with authority. The list comprises Abt, Bovaird, Crandall, Dade, Davis, Jennings, McCarthy, Nicoll, Poynton, Rivere, Rurah, Southworth, Tuttle, and Yale. All have kept two points continually in view (1) To give an accurate clinical picture in cold type of each disease treated. (2) To detail the best method of treatment. Consequently, the personal element in each article is in evidence. Infant feeding, diseases of the alimentary tract, disorders of nutrition, impaired circulation, and respiratory affections have more than the usual proportionate space accorded to them, and thruout, the energy of the authors is directed toward the diseases common in children, the rarer forms being given less attention. Problematical pathology has scant consideration, but exact methods of diagnosis are detailed at length. The editor has clipt and pruned the articles. till the repetition and overlapping so common in composit books is not at all in evidence.-A. L. R.

What a Young Girl Ought to Know. By Mary WoodAllen, M.D. New revised edition. Cloth, $1. net. The Vir Publishing Company, 1304 Land Title Building, Philadelphia, Pa. Doctors can do much good by placing this book in the hands of mothers who have daughters approaching womanhood.-A. L. R.

Simplified Course of Instruction on Refraction. By R. S. Piper, M.D. Publisht by the author at Bloomington, Ill. Price, $5 for the series.

The course consists of four paper-bound pamphletsof about 25 pages each. Each of the books contains a list of questions by which the student may examin himself on the thoroness of his knowledge upon the part he has completed. The method is decidedly original, and the results of conscientious study will fit any general practician to do refraction work. It is not in any sense a "correspondence course," but the books. contain the gist of the matter, tersely told by a practician who has fitted glasses with satisfaction to himself and his patients for the last ten years. Any one can

do as well thru judicious study of these little books. One finds sidelights here that he does not get in the ordinary text-book, and any one thinking of studying refraction will do well to see these books. Every practician ought to be able to fit glasses properly, and he can do it if he masters these books.-A. L. R.

What a Young Boy Ought to Know. By Sylvanus Stall, D.D. New revised edition, publisht by The Vir Publishing Company, 1304 Land Title Building, Philadelphia, Pa. Price, $1

net.

Contains 193 pages. This book is fairly well known thruout the entire world, but it will not be well enuf known till a copy is in every home where there is a boy. Every doctor should aid in placing it there. It has in it great capability for lasting good to the human race. Many doctors are askt questions by young men that they find embarrassing; if they had this book to hand to the boy, it would do him more good than the fragmentary talk they can afford to give him, even presuming that they had the courage to do it properly. A few of the statements are extreme, and much is omitted that the medical man would say the boy is entitled to know; but the exaggerations will not harm the boy, and it is certain that he is not told anything that he should not know. We commend the book to physicians as a safe work to place in the hands of any boy approaching puberty, or to hand to a boy when seeking to have him break away from the habit of masturbation.-A. L. R.

Uric Acid. The Chemistry, Physiology, and Pathology of Uric Acid and the physiologically important Purin Bodies, with a discussion of The Metabolism in Gout. By Francis H. McCrudden. Sold by Paul B. Hoeber, 69 East 59th street, New York, N. Y. Price, $2.50 net.

A paper-bound pamphlet of 308 pages and indexes of subjects and of authors consulted. Probably no subject connected with medicin is so vague to the average practician as is uric acid and the relation it bears to the healthy and diseased organism. So common are rheumatism and gout, and so universally are they ascribed as I due to uric acid," that every practician in activ practise would be aided by reading this book. It contains the latest researches, and a mass of material is gathered here which is not obtainable anywhere else. He begins with the dawn of the history of uric acid, and by easy stages conducts the reader thru all that is practical concerning it and its relations. He shatters many time-honored teachings completely, and shows why such errors arose. cannot but hope that he will continue his studies, for much is yet to be learned upon the subject.-A. L. R.

One

A Manual of the Eclectic Treatment of Disease. Designed for the many students and practicians who are now diligently searching for knowledge of the most direct action of drugs, as applied to specific conditions of disease. By Finley Ellingwood, M. D., Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics and pro tempore Professor of the Practise of Medicin in Bennett Medical College, Chicago; late Professor of Chemistry in Bennett College; Secretary of the National Eclectic Medical Association; etc. In two volumes. Volume I. Publisht by the Chicago Medical Times Publishing Company, 100 State street, Chicago, 1906. Price not stated.

This volume contains 446 pages and an index. It mirrors the most advanced eclectic thought and practise of today. It takes up infectious fevers; fevers; the exanthemata; diseases of the respiratory passages and lungs; the heart; the arteries. If pathology be not considered, the book constitutes a thoro and dependable guide to the practise of medicin from the eclectic viewpoint. Every practician can glean valuable information from it, regardless of the "school" to which he declares allegiance. Many eclectics are not getting all the satisfaction out of their practise that they should; this book will make bright the path. Many regulars are ignoring drugs and methods which are of undoubted and unquestioned merit; this work will make better doctors of them. The treatment part of the work is exhaustiv, and the recommendations are trustworthy and practical. The mode of action of the various drugs is not described in detail, because the work is intended as a companion to the author's Materia Medica and Therapeutics, and in the

latter volume all such details are considered; in this work he merely names the indicated remedy and tells why it should be employed.-A. L. R.

Case Teaching in Medicin. Exercises in Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Actual Cases. By Richard C. Cabot, M.D. (Harvard). Publisht by D. C. Heath & Co., 120 Boylston street, Boston, Mass. Price, $1.50.

A well-printed 8vo., of 220 pages, with spaces for notes. It has a sensible introduction and working indexes. The idea is unique, and the execution masterful. It is the only book to which we could rightfully ascribe the virtues of a post-graduate course in diagnosis. The author takes the ground that one may observe symptoms, but such notation has no part in aiding one to interpret them aright, since only by a process of reasoning and training can one learn to so sift and arrange the symptoms that they plainly indicate just one thing. This can be done, he thinks, to a better effect if one is not bothered by the presence of a patient. He takes up common diseases seriatim, and gives a typical history of each. There are two editions: one for teachers and practicians, and one for students. In the former the case histories are followed by questions, answers, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment; from the student's edition answers are omitted, and space is left for the student to fill in for himself. Every practician studying this book properly will become a better and more discriminating diagnostician. -A. L. R.

Merged.

The venerable St. Louis Medical and Surgical Journal, which dates its birth way back to 1843, has been merged with the Medical Mirror. The old Journal loses its identity, and the young Mirror gains whatever there may be in an unusual age record among medical journals. However, it is a pity that the Journal did not pass out of existence a few months earlier. It recently publisht a 21-page editorial defending the acetanilid headache nostrums, and abusing Collier's Weekly. We then thought it was near its end. The editor generously (?) wrote us that we "may use the article entire or such portions of it as you choose." We only smiled at this generosity. That long editorial is now being sent out wholesale from St. Louis to the profession in the form of a reprint. Who do you suppose is doing it? Can't you guess? Try the letter A-Antikamnia. A large number of these reprints have been sent to us by WORLD subscribers who are anxious that we shall know what is going on all over the country. Some were accompanied by letters expressing anything but complimentary opinions of a journal which would publish such matter. Keep up the good work, friends; keep the WORLD office posted and express your sentiments freely.

Well, the venerable St. Louis Medical and Surgical Journal has passed away. Few medical journals have or ever will stem the storms of life as long as it did. It is too bad that it stultified itself just before giving up the ghost. But it can be remembered by the many good things it did in its long and useful career; so let us forget this last mistake, and extend our congratulations and best wishes to the sturdy young Mirror, which now adds the wisdom of age to its vigor of youth.

In August Medical Brief, pages 532 to 535, there is an excellent article on the treatment of insomnia, without the mention of a single proprietary. This would not have happened in the old days. The reform of the Brief seems to be complete, as far as almanacism in the reading pages is concerned. However, we still find it offered to the general public on the news stands. The many illustrations, including the genital organs of both sexes, in an article on hernia, pages 549 to 556, August issue, are not appropriate for news-stand circulation. There are no objectionable illustrations in the September issue. But can't Dr. Lawrence get along without the income derived from some of the objectionable advertising which he carries, particularly the home morphine cures?

OUR MONTHLY TALK.

The Past Work of Equity Series. MONEY.-The campaign of 1896 was memorable in many ways. So also were the industrial, economic, and political conditions during the several years preceding. Evidences of the fact that the relations among the various factors of our civilization had become sadly "out of joint" were so plain that every one was conscious of the fact-many painfully so. To bring about normal relations again was the desire of all. While absolute Equity among all the participants in our complicated life is an ideal that will never be fully realized, we wish to keep near enuf to it to at least avoid serious disturbances and suffering.

After the excitement of the above-mentioned campaign had passed, I set on foot a series of studies designed to go to the bottom of our ills and lead to the avoidance of recurrent periods of panic and depression which have been our lot in the past, and bring our citizens into more equitable relations than heretofore.

At the time mentioned, the money question overshadowed every other public question; so, appropriately, we took this question up first. The fight in 1896 was between silver and gold. Every student knows that the money question is much broader and deeper than a question of either silver or gold. Many fetiches have existed as money substances, among them being certain kinds of shells, iron, bronze, silver, and gold. These and many other substances have been used from time to time to promote exchange, and the use of these substances for this purpose was and is a great improvement upon barter; but the science of accounts, of banking, a complicated commerce, and the interworkings of these activities, all point to intricate relationships of values not properly measured or controlled by any one or two substances which are themselves articles of commerce. Partiality to any one or two such articles is partiality to those who produce, possess, or control such article or articles. The true basis for a measure of value and a medium of exchange would be an average among all the articles entering into the commerce of a country, considering the quantity and desirability of each. Money, then, is not, or should not be, a substance. It is an expression of relation of values. Such expression of relation should be steady and true to the average. Individual products may, should, and do vary according to supply and demand; but the thing which measures values and which is used as a basis and medium of exchange should be true to the average among all of the products. So long as this is done, justice is done to the producers and owners of all products, as near as justice can be done. To take a single article of commerce, with all its vicissitudes of production and control, and put it in control of all the other articles of commerce, is irrational upon the face of the proposition. The general average basis is the only rational basis; so we called our first Equity study Rational Money. It is the only study of the money question which is just and fair to both gold and silver and to every other product. It seems to be the ultimate solution of the problem.

But the increast production of gold, the changes in our banking laws, and our increast exports since 1896 have relieved the stress then existing, so the money question is not an issue" now; but the world will yet turn to the above-mentioned theory (the Multiple Standard theory), and perhaps to this book, to get a real and permanent solution of the money question. The book is still on sale, as per announcement elsewhere.

LAND.-Land is the basis of all living (except for creatures which can live in water). It is not strange that questions concerning the ownership, control, and taxation of land have come up from time to time. Since the appearance of Henry George's "Progress and Poverty" the "land question" has been specially in evidence. There are many enthusiastic partisans for the single-tax, and there are many opponents of that system. Books have been written for and against that system. It was an opportune time to cover different phases of the land question. Hence the next book

of the Equity Series was "The Land Question from Various Points of View." The following chapter headings will give an idea of its contents:

A BRIEF HISTORY OF LAND TENURES AND TITLES. By Newton M. Taylor, of the Indiana Bar. DISTRIBUTION OF LAND IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES. By Newton M. Taylor.

ALIEN LANDLORDISM IN AMERICA. Its extent, evils, and proposed remedies. By Ex-Congressman John Davis, of Kansas.

OUR SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTING THE PUBLIC LANDS. It has been an instrument of fraud and injustice and general demoralization. By J. L. McCreery, of Washington, D. C.

CONSTITUTION AND COMMENTS.

Provisions of our

Federal and State Constitutions relating to taxaation, showing what property must be taxt and what property may be exempted from taxation, thus showing what constitutional obstructions there are to the various land reforms now being proposed. By Newton M. Taylor.

RELIGION OF THE LAND QUESTION. By Ernest H. Crosby, New York.

TWO PARABLES: "GIVE US THIS DAY OUR DAILY WORK." By Bolton Hall, author of "Even as You and I."

FORESTRY. Effects of forests on the surrounding country and the results of their destruction. By Newton M. Taylor.

A CRITICISM of the SinglE TAX. By Newton M. Taylor.

REPLY TO "A CRITICISM Of the SinglE TAX." BY Edward D. Burleigh, of Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa.

MEMORANDUM IN RELATION TO "A CRITICISM OF THE SINGLE TAX.' By Edward T. Peters, Washington, D. C.

JOHN STUART MILL'S PLAN OF LAND REFORM. By Edward T. Peters.

[Price given elsewhere.]

PUBLIC OWNERSHIP AND HOME RULE.-Industrial association is the corner-stone of civilization. However, there are two kinds of industrial association: one is composed of only a part of the members of a community, the object being to make a profit from the remainder of the community; and the other embraces the entire community, the object being to supply to the service of the community and not profit. The first all an article needed by all at cost, the object being may be illustrated by any company, private corporation, or firm doing business for profit; the other is typified by water works, gas works, electric light works, etc., owned and operated by municipalities, for the service of all the citizens and not for profit. As civilization progresses, the latter kind of association increases; for, it may readily be admitted, an association which includes all the members of a community is a higher type than one which is composed of only a part of the members of a community, organized to make a profit from the rest of the community; and service to all is a higher object and motiv than profit to a few.

There are many private water companies, gas companies, electric light companies, etc.; but many municipalities have seen the importance of taking these public utilities out of private hands and making them public functions. If "cleanliness is next to godliness," then the supply of water should not be subject to a tax for the profit of a few; it should be supplied at cost. Good health is a prime essential to the good of a community, and a plentiful supply of pure water is essential to health; then the supply of water should be as completely under the control of the community as the drainage (sewers). Crime flourishes in the dark. Darkness is an enemy to civilization. Therefore the streets and other public places should be lighted. And the means of such lighting should be under the control of the community, without a profit to private individuals. Cheap light to individuals for private use favors culture, refinement, and the advance of civilization in many ways; and it is far more practicable and cheaper for a single gas plant and set of mains in the streets to supply both public and private purposes than for the central plant and mains in all the streets to be duplicated; therefore the municipal plant should supply for both

public and private purposes. The same arguments apply to electric lighting.

The above reasons have led many municipalities to assume the functions of supplying water, gas, and electric light to their citizens; and the same reasons have led many other municipalities to wish to do these and other things, but I noticed that they had to apply to the state legislature for the privilege, and in many cases these movements had to be delayed or abandoned owing to the bondage of cities to state legislatures.

In order to determin the prospects for municipal ownership and operation of municipal public utilities, it was necessary to learn to what extent the cities and towns of the various states are in bondage to the state legislatures. This was the next problem taken up by Equity Series, and it involved several years of patient research, which Prof. Frank Parsons undertook, with assistants. Tables representing a tremendous amount of work cover only three pages. The constitution and laws of each state were thoroly sifted to discover the extent of freedom of cities and towns in each state. It was found that all the states grant to localities the right to open and construct streets. Local rights, concerning schools, libraries, parks, poorhouses, fire departments, and cemeteries, are granted by nearly all the states, but there are important exceptions. But when it comes to water works, gas works, electric light plants, street railways, telefones, wharves, ferries, etc., few of our cities have the right to do as they please. They must first get the consent of the state legislature. While working on this problem of the bondage of cities to state legislatures, a number of other questions came up, as Public Ownership, Direct Legislation, the Merit System, Proportional Representation, the Automatic Ballot, etc., and they received full treatment, resulting in a book of over 700 pages, which we call "The City for the People." This is considered a valuable and complete study of the subjects treated, and it has been an influential member of the Series.

THE TELEGRAF.-When it is realized that one of our citizens (Morse) invented the telegraf, and that ours is the only civilized country of any considerable magnitude in the world that has not a Government telegraf as a part of the postal system, it will be seen that this question should be a live issue. "The Telegraf Monopoly" was the next of our Series, and it is an interesting and important study.

CORPORATIONS AND TRUSTS.-The corporation has proven to be one of the most important developments of our civilization; and the trust, a combination of corporations, is a still further development along the same potent line. Corporations are like fire and water: good servants but dangerous masters. To get at the corporation and trust questions, we must begin at the place of their birth. If there were only one place that could give birth to them, we might deal with it; but every state can give birth to corporations, and a corporation when born in one state can reach out into all the other states. Our study of this question shows the similarities and differences among the corporation laws of all the states; in short, shows what a chaos we are in in regard to this important question, and it points a way out. This study is entitled "The Organization and Control of Industrial Corporations.”

NEW ZEALAND.-We next took up a study of that star of the Southern seas, New Zealand. Much that we have talkt about in theory has been developt there in fact; and the reports from that most interesting corner of the earth's surface had been meagre, vague, and incomplete. Perhaps the best thing that Equity Series has ever done was to present a complete, attractiv, and authoritativ study of this interesting country from its earliest settlement to the present time in the book called "The Story of New Zealand." If the example of New Zealand and the full force of its message could be circulated among our people, it would become a mighty force for political and economic advancement.

TAXATION.-It seems strange that the subject of taxation in a general and popular way was never taken up until done by Equity Series. There are large and expensiv books on certain phases of taxation, but none on the general subject, for popular perusal, until our "Elements of Taxation" appeared. Certainly this

subject is of sufficient importance for a book-tho ours is not a large book. Shouldn't this subject be studied in our colleges? We offer this book as the first general study on the subject.

TRANSPORTATION.-People do not now live and die in the county in which they were born. Every day we use things which have come from distant parts of the country, many of which have come from distant parts of the world. Few industries produce for their immediate vicinity. The price of our farmers' wheat is made in Liverpool. Transportation governs commerce, and commerce governs the world; therefore transportation-the means of transportation-governs the world. In early times roads were opened for the passage of the king upon certain occasions. They were called "the king's highway." The road between Cairo and the Pyramids was constructed for the passage of the Prince of Wales. It has been doing excellent service for the people ever since. Modern roads of steel, for the iron horse, are not the king's highway, but they, themselves, are the king. Some people may complacently say that they are not interested in the railway question; that question does not touch them. They are mistaken. The railroad question touches the interests of every citizen in the land most vitally. Our most recent Equity study is entitled "The Railroads, the Trusts, and the People." We first intended to confine this to a single volume of about 200 pages, but with all the pruning possible it expanded to two volumes of 262 and 282 pages respectively, or, bound in a single volume, of 544 pages. See prices in announcements elsewhere. It is not a dry, statistical study, but one full of life and interest. The scope covered may be judged by the following tables of contents: The Railways, the Trusts, and the People.

Vol. I. Relations of the Railways to the Public. Vital Facts from the Railway History of the United States: Chapter. Topic.

I The Railway Empire II The Allied Interests

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