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SECTION IV.-MODERN HISTORY.

1. EARLY ENGLISH HISTORY. I.

1. WHAT great family occupied Western Europe before the Roman supremacy, and what family occupied Central Europe? Where are there traces now of the first family (in language, disposition, &c.), showing that they were pressed onward by the latter ?

2. What ancient people visited the British isles for trade? and for what commodity?

3. What famous Roman general conquered Gaul, and invaded Britain? Give some account of the invasion, with the date.

4. Describe the religion of the ancient Britons, their mode of warfare, their government and manners.

5. What Roman general extended his sway over part of the south of the island? What British prince long opposed him? What was his fate? And who was then emperor of Rome ?

6. What island was considered especially sacred by the Britons? Who took it? What British queen headed a formidable revolt against the Romans; and what flourishing Roman colony was taken and burnt?

7. Who extended the Roman conquests to the Forth and Clyde, and by what British king was he opposed? What is the date of the final conquest of Britain ?

8. How long did the Romans retain possession of the island? What remains still mark their sway; and what is the date of their final departure?

9. To what calamities were the Romanised Britons now exposed? What people came over ostensibly to aid them? Give an account of them, stating the date of their landing.

10. What parts of the country did these invaders first occupy? What British king is said to have fought bravely against them? To what parts of the country were the original inhabitants finally driven? To what great family did these invaders belong?

11. How many kingdoms did they establish; and what name is given to these kingdoms collectively? Who was the first king of the whole of Saxon England, and in what year did he commence his reign as king of England?

12. Who and what were the next invaders? Describe their mode of attack.

13. What Saxon king, who was the light of his age, fought against them? Give some account of his character; also of his adversity and final triumph. What institutions are owing to him? Give the date of his accession.

14. Name some other Saxon kings who lived during this perpetual domestic feud and struggle against the Danes.

15. What Danish king first ruled over the whole country? Name anything that is recorded of him, with the date of his reign.

16. In whose person was the Saxon line of kings restored and ended? Give a short account of him.

17. When he died, who was crowned king; and who claimed the throne, and invaded the kingdom? Where was the battle fought which decided the fate of Saxon England?

18. Describe this battle, giving the date.

Annex. to I.

1. Who is said to have visited England in early times, and preached Christianity? State all you know of the British Church.

2. Account for the prevalence of heathenism afterwards, although the country had been Christianised.

3. Who came to England, converted the Saxons, and was the first bishop of Canterbury?

4. By whom was he sent; and what is said to have been the original cause of the mission? Give the date of his arrival.

5. Were there any Christians in the island in those times? Give some account of the disputes which arose, and the cause of them.

6. What bishops' sees existed in Anglo-Saxon times? Name any churchmen in those times worthy of mention.

7. Who was archbishop of Canterbury at the Norman invasion, and was deposed? Who succeeded him?

8. What effect had the Norman conquest upon the English Church?

2. ENGLISH HISTORY. II.

Attempts to conquer France, Scotland, Ireland, Wales.

A.

1. When William I. conquered England, what possessions had he upon the continent? How did William II. acquire Guienne, and where is it? Also, what other possessions had England in France?

2. Upon what tenure did the English kings hold these possessions? State briefly what is meant by the feudal system. In whose reign were these French fiefs forfeited, and why? Name also the date.

3. What English king claimed the crown of France, and upon what ground? What possessions in France did England then hold? Describe this monarch's invasion of France, and the battle which ensued, giving the date.

4. What French town did the English take in this war, which they long retained; and what famous victory did they gain in the south of France? Name the famous French general who wrested these conquests from the English.

5. Who next of the English kings strove to gain the French crown? Give an account of his invasion, and the battle which ensued, giving the date.

6. On what terms was peace then made? Who soon after died? and who succeeded, and was the only English king crowned king of France ?

7. In the war which now ensued for the possession of France, what town held by the Dauphin, and besieged by the English, was looked upon as the last hope of the French? By what extraordinary means was the siege raised, and the tide of English success turned?

8. Give a short account of the life, character, and fate of Joan of Arc. 9. In what year were the English possessions all lost, except Calais ? In whose reign, and in what year, was Calais taken?

B.

10. On what grounds did the English kings claim suzerainty over Scotland? Who was king of England when this claim first became of importance? Who were the two competitors for the Scottish crown; and what was the decision of the English king?

11. Give a short account of William Wallace.

12. What battle ended English attempts upon Scotland? Describe it, with the date.

13. How did Scotland become annexed to the English crown, and in what year? Give also the date of the passing of the "Act of Union."

C.

14. From what great family were the Irish descended? What is known of the island in ancient times?

D

15. What English king sent an expedition to conquer Ireland, and in what year? In what state were the inhabitants, and how is this to be accounted for? Give an account of this expedition, and its success.

16. In whose reign was the island finally subdued; and what is the date of the union with England?

D.

17. From whom were the Welsh descended, and what river was considered the boundary of their country?

18. What English king conquered Wales; and who was then king of the country?

19. Give an account of the conquest, naming the year in which it took place.

3. ENGLISH HISTORY. III.

The English Reformation. (A. D. 1509-1558.)

1. What is the date of Henry the Eighth's accession to the throne ? Whom did he marry? During his reign, who was king of Spain, and afterwards emperor of Germany; and who was king of France?

2. Whom did Henry choose for his prime minister, and make archbishop of York? Give some little account of him.

3. In what year did the Reformation begin in Germany, by the publication of the theses of Martin Luther? What part did Henry then take with regard to Lutheran doctrine? What people in England were then opposed to papal doctrine or supremacy? Give instances also, before this time, of opposition to Romanism.

4. How long had Henry been married to his wife, and upon what grounds did he sue for a divorce? What may be looked upon as the real ground? What opinions were taken upon the subject; and who suggested this course to the king, and was made archbishop of Canterbury?

5. Give a short account of the divorce of Catherine, and of the sad fate of Anna Boleyn.

6. Peace with Rome being now broken, what was Henry's first assumption; and what illustrious men were executed for refusing to acknowledge it?

7. What person of humble origin now became Henry's minister; and

what plan did he carry out for enriching the king at the expense of the Church?

8. Name some of the principal abbeys and monasteries, and give some account of their origin, constitution, &c. Upon what grounds were they suppressed, and what may be considered the real cause?

9. What was done with the property? Who were the principal sufferers by the new order of things; and how did they show their dissatisfaction?

10. What was estimated as the annual value of the confiscated lands, &c.; and about what proportion did it bear to the whole property of the kingdom?

11. Name the wives of Henry the Eighth, and give some account of them; also, some particulars of the end of the wicked king.

12. Who succeeded Henry the Eighth State who were his ministers, and what was done for the Reformation in his reign. Give some account of the life and death of the young king.

13. Who was proclaimed queen at his death; but who asserted her rightful claim to the throne, and succeeded?

14. Whom did the queen marry? Of what religion was she, and how did she act with reference to the Reformation and the Reformers?

15. Give some particulars of the character and fate of Cranmer; also of Latimer, Ridley, and Hooper.

16. Who returned to England, and was made archbishop of Canterbury; and what steps were taken with regard to the Church lands in this reign? Also, what was the date of Mary's death?

17. Who succeeded, and finally confirmed the alterations in religion? What law was made to supply the provision for the poor, which the suppression of the monasteries had taken from them? What class of religionists also arose, and gradually increased in numbers and power? 18. What were the main alterations in the doctrine and discipline of the English Church effected by the Reformation?

19. Who was queen of Scotland at this time, and what relation was she to Henry VIII. ?

20. Name the leading Scottish Reformers, clerical and lay.

21. Give an account of the young queen's troubles with her subjects, her taking refuge in England, and her lamentable end.

22. Who was Thomas Aquinas? Luther? Calvin? Ignatius Loyola ? Sir Thomas Wyatt? the Earl of Murray? Cecil? Sir Francis Drake?