366

FOREIGN AFFAIRS, 1757.

The enemy was drawn up in three lines on a very high mountain, fortified with a great number of battering-pieces, at the foot of which were feveral defiles. Notwithstanding this advantageous polition, his majesty began the attack at two in the afternoon, and made himself mafter of two batteries and two villages defended with infantry; but could not force the third poft, the fire of the enemy was fo violent; yet they were again twice repulfed on the right: However, the king thought proper to defift, and retired in good order towards the E'be to Nimbourg, without being molested or followed by the enemy; nor did their infantry fo much as come half way down the mountain, which makes us judge their lots is confiderable. Ours cannot be determined, tho we have loft neither baggage nor can. non, unless a few that could not be brought off, the carriages being broke.

To this we (hall add, that the Pruffian army engaged in this battle, was reckoned not to exceed 32,000, men, whereas the Austrians were faid to be 45,000; and tho' the king of ruffia had been on horfeback the whole day, and prefent at every attack, yet as foon as he had feen his army make good their retreat, he took fresh horfes, and, escorted by only 12 or 14 Huffars, fet out for Prague, where he arrived next morning, and gave orders for fending off all his artillery, ammunition, and baggage, which were all fafely carried off, and the troops had begun their retreat, before the Auftrian army in that city heard of the battle; but when they faw the Pruffians retreating a large body of them fallied out on the 20th, under the com. mand of prince Charles of Lorrain, marthal Brown having before died of the wounds he received in the battle of May 6, and came up with the rear of the Pruffians, but found it was fo well covered that they could do but very little execution. But both fides have been fince recruiting and reinforcing their army, fo that nothing remarkable has happened; but as the Auftrian army have by the laft accounts advanced as far as Melnik, and the Pruffian army is encamped on both fides of the Elbe at Letomeritz, it is thought, another battle will foon happen in Bohemia. And as a very large detachment of the Ruffian army has now, it is faid, en. tered ruffia, under the command of general Lieven, and the Pruffian army under marthal Lehwald, has begun its march towards the Ruffians; a battle is alío foon expected on that fide.

Then with regard to the war on the other fide of Germany, the duke of Cumberland having retired to the other fide of the Wefer, the French fent a detachment to reduce the county of Eaft-Friesland, belonging to the king of Pruffia, of which we had an account as follows.

Embden, July 4. The marquifs d'Auvel, sommander of the French troops, fent into

Weft-Friesland, after having taken poffeffion of Lier, marched on the right of the Eems to this city, which at first feemed determined to make a defence, but the inhabitants were not agreed upon the methods to be taken for that purpose. During this time the gates being hut, the marquis d'Auvel caused fome cannon to be brought to beat them down. And the garrison, compofed of 400 Pruffians, not being strong enough to defend the town, the foldiers mutînied against their officers, whereupon a capitulation was agreed on, and yesterday the gates were opened to the marquis d'Auvel, who made his troops enter with a great deal of order. He affured the magiftrates that care should be taken to make them obferve a good difcipline, and caused two ordonnances to be published, the one for the fecurity of the religion and commerce of the city, and the other for prohibiting the exportation of corn and forage out of this principality.

And, by the laft mail, we had the following account of the French army's having begun to pass the Wefer. Paderborn, July 12. While marshal d'Etrees, by feigned marches, concealed from the duke of Cum+ berland the real difpofitions that were made for paffing the Wefer, the marquis d'Armentieres, who had laid his bridges between Hoxter and Blanckenow, in the diftrict of the abbey of Corby, paffed that river with 10 battalions, 12 fquadrons, and 10 pieces of cannon. The duke of Cumberland could not oppofe it, as he lay with his army below Hamelen, extending towards the Lower Wefer, and the duke de Broglie and M. de Chevert, each with a body of troops, drew his attention towards Minden and Rintelen. The last mentioned town was defended by a fort, in which were 300 Heffians, who furrendered prifoners of war. The French have abandoned that fort, after taking out of it 12 iron cannon, two culverine, two mortars, and what ftores they found in it.

The duke of Orleans alfo croffed the Wefer yesterday with his divifion, and marshal d'Etrees goes over that river this day with the reft of the army; the whole of which it is reckoned will be reaffembled to-morrow between Furstenberg and Neuhaus.

The electorate of Hanover is laid under contribution, which is exacted in money, provifions, and forage.

Hanover, July 15. The marquis d'Armentieres has fummoned the city of Gottingen to get ready for him, within a limited time, upon pain of military execution, 4000lb. of white bread, 2000 bushels of oats (which is more than is to be found in the whole country) 100 loads of hay, and other provifions. The magistrates have applied to our regency; but we know not what answer they have received.

From Bruffels, July 18. We have the following reafons affigned for the orders given the

The Monthly Catalogue for June and July, 1757.

the 16th infant, by M. de la Pifa, commandant of Oitend, Nieuport, and the maritime ports of Flanders, for all Enghth hips to leave thofe ports (obtained for the house of Auftria by the arms of Great Britain) &c. (fee p. 362.) which are thefe: That her majetty, the emprefs-queen, could not with indifference fee England, instead of giving the fuccours due to her by the moft folemnt eaties, enter into an alliance with her enemy the king of Pruffia, and actually affording him all manner of affiftance, affembling armies to oppofe thote which the most chriftian king, her ally, had fent to her aid, and fuffering privateers to exercife open violence in her roads, under the cannon of her ports and coafts, without giving the leaft fatisfaction or answer to the complaints made on that account, and the king of Great-Britain himfelf (at the very time the was offering him a neutrality for Hanover) publishing by a meffage to his parliament, that he had formed, with the most christian king, dangerous defigns against that electorate; therefore her majefty, defirous of providing for the fecurity of her ports, has judged it expedient to give the forementioned orders; and at the fame time to declare, that the could no longer permit a free communication between her fubjects and the English, which had hitherto been founded upon treaties that Great Britain has, without fcruple, openly violated.

But notwithstanding thefe orders, they have refolved to allow our packet-boats, with letters, to pafs as ufual between this and Oftend, as the poftage of our letters brings in a good revenue to the Poft-office of the Auftrian Netherlands.

The king and fenate of Sweden have lately had frequent extraordinary meetings, and great warlike preparations are making over the whole kingdom; but for what purpofe is not yet certainly known.

Toulon, June 28. Yesterday evening a fignal was made at La Craigneur, near Cape Papel, of the appearance of 16 English men of war; and the commandant of marines at Mahon has fent hither a Felucca to inform us, that he had counted nineteen fail, viz. fifteen hips, and four frigates, which had been cruizing for three or four days off Mi.

norca.

367

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3.

368 The Monthly Catalogue for June and July, 1757.

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1

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[The course of Exchange and the flocks, wird and weather, muß be deferred to our next ]

The LONDON MAGAZINE:

Or, GENTLEMAN's Monthly Intelligencer.

For AUGUST, 1757.

To be continued. (Price Six-Pence each Month:).

Containing (Greater Variety, and more in Quantity, than any Monthly Book of the fame Price)

With a beautiful Map of Maryland, the Delaware Counties, and the Southern Part of New-Jersey, and a Plan of the Bay, &c. of Tonlon, engraved on Copper. MULTUM IN PARVO.

LONDON: Printed for R. BALDWIN, at the Rofe in Pater-Nofter-Row; Of whom may be had, compleat Sets from the Year 1733 to this Time, neatly Bound or Stitch'd, or any fingle Month to compleat Sets.

CONTENT

371

A History of laft feffion of parliament

History of laft feffion of parliament
ibid.-376

Proceedings on the corn affair, and that
of Byng

-372

Grants for the present year 373-376
Provisions for the foreign troops 375
Strange creature in Arabia defcribed 376
A question
ibid.
JOURNAL of the PROCEEDINGS and
DEBATES in the Political CLUB, &c.
continued
377-380
SPEECH of M. Pomponius Matho, in
the debate occafioned by two late trea-
ties
377-380
Treaties of alliance or guarantee with the
powers on the continent ought feldom
to be entered into
No benefit got, by former monarchs, from
foreign alliances
ibid.
Againft our intereft to acquire territories
upon the continent of Europe 378
An opinion of lord Clarendon ridiculous

377

379 Account of the militia act concluded 380

S.

Many pieces in profe and verfe, and particularly Mr. Rider's Epithalamium, Mr. Foreeafile's Journal, and certain mathematical solutions, are received, and will be inferted. The pages in our laft, from 337 to 360, are wrong; instead of repeating 318, it should bave been 328, &c. but in the contents the true pages are reftored.

Subfcriptions for a GENERAL INDEX to the LONDON MAGAZINE, Continue 19 be received by R. BALDWIN, at the Rofe in Pater-Nofter-Rea