GERMANDER, the genus Teucrium, of which Teucrium chamaedrys is aest. fl. July.

GERMANDER SPEED WELL Veronica chamaedris, vern. fl. in greatest abundance in May.

GILLYFLOWER. See STOCK; and for Clove Gillyflower see Carnation.

GLOBEFLOWER, so called from the form of its flower. 1. The European, or yellow Globeflower, Trollius Europaeus, vern. fl. May 6th to Midsummer. 2. Asiatic, or orange Globeflower, Trollius Asiaticus, vern. fl. at the same time. 3. The middle Globeflower, Trollius intermedius, vern. also of an orange colour, fl. same time. These plants form a pretty ornament to the corners of borders; they closely resemble the Ranunculi.

GLOBE THISTLE Echinops sphaerocephalus, aest. fl. July and August. 2. Thorny Globe Thistle, E. spinosus, fl. same time. 3. Lesser Globe Thistle, E. ritero, aest. July, August, and Sept. There is also an annual species, the E. strigosus, aest. the woolly Globe Thistle, E. lanuginosus, aest.

GLOW WORMS Lampyris noctiluca, called St. John's Worms, and in German Johannis Wurmchen; are so named from appearing first, as a common occurrence, about the feast of St. John the Baptist; they continue to be seen through July; a single worm or two is seen as early as 1st June.

GOATSBEARD.—The purple Goatsbeard Tragopogon porrifolius, late vern. and the meadow or yellow Goatsbeard Tragopogon pratensis, late vern. both flower about the 16th of May, become abundant 1st June, and decline in July. These plants are called Go to bed at noon, from closing their blossoms at midday. There is a third or spurious variety.

GOOSEBERRIES first picked for tarts about May 20th, for Groseille foulée, vulgarly called Gooseberry fool, June 10th; becomes ripe about 1st July. The red and the yellow varieties get ripe rather before the green. The first week of August generally finishes this fruit in dry warm seasons, unless purposely preserved under mats, a plan more commonly adopted for currants.

GORZE Ulex Europaeus, flowers all the spring and summer, from Feb. to Sept. but principally from the middle of April to the end of May, giving our heaths and waste places a gay rich golden

appearance.

GOSSAMER begins to be seen early in September, and is abundant before fine weather.

GREENGAGE PLUM ripens about 30th August, and during the first three weeks of September. The Orleans Plum is ripe about the same time. In France both ripen much sooner.

GELDER ROSE Viburnum opulus, late vern. fl. May and June; it is properly the globularheaded variety of the wild plant.

HARVEST.-The wheat harvest begins, on an average of years, about Lammas day, but later in Scotland, and somewhat earlier in France. The oat harvest is a fortnight later; we have known wheat cut in Surrey in the middle of July, and oats as late in Sussex as Michaelmas.

HAULME, often pronounced harme, the dry stalks of pease or beans, and other leguminous plants, and distinguished from Straw, the stalk of the farinaceous grasses.

HAREBELLS, see BLUE BELLS Scilla nutans, vern.; it is the Hyanthus non scriptus of the old authors, fl. April and May.

HAWTHORN (Whitethorn) or Maybush Crategus oxycantha, vern. The Hawthorn blooms very sparingly about the 1st or 2d of May in early warm springs; by old May day it is plentiful, and to the end of June it continues to bloom; it is therefore a fortnight later than the Blackthorn, which flowers in April and May. The red berries of the Hawthorn ripen in August and September, and continue on the bush till winter.

HAYTIME begins in the neighbourhood of London about the 20th June, when the Rhinanthus Crista Galli flowers; it is later by ten days in most other parts of England.

HEADACHES in some persons are regular periodical phenomena at the periods of irritability that occur about the new and full moon. See Atmospheric and Periodical Diseases, by T. Forster, London, 1817.

HEARTSEASE or Pansie Viola tricolor, vern. fl. rarely in winter or early spring, its time being from Ladytide to the end of May, and sparingly, and in young seedling plants all the summer also.

HEATH.-The Heaths seldom blow before midsummer or the beginning of July, so that, coming much after the Gorze, the purple of July succeeds to the yellow of May, as a covering for our waste lands, heaths, and commons.

HEDGE NETTLE or Blind Nettle, Stachys sylvatica, aest. fl. July and August. The other species called Allheal, Stachys palustris, is a terrible weed in Sussex; it flowers in August.

1.

HELLEBORE, of which we have many sorts. Christmas rose, H. niger, hyber. fl. about Christmas and at Candlemas. 2. Winter Hellebore or Winter Aconite, H. hyemalis, hyber. fl. about St. Paul's day,

Jan. 25th to the end of March. 3. Green Hellebore, H.viridis, prim. fl. March. 4. Bearsfoot, or stinking Hellebore Helleborus foetidus, early vern. fl. April.

HENBANE Hyoscyamas niger, solst. flowers all June. 2. The Henbane of Scopoli Hyoscyamus Scopolia, prim. flowers about the 20th March, and thence to April.

HEPATICA Or Liverwort Anemone hepatica, prim. fl. as early sometimes in mild seasons as St. Paul's day; generally shews a few flowers by Candlemas, and always ornaments the gardens through March and part of April, fading before May. There are three varieties, all equally early; the white, the blue, and the bright lake coloured; the two latter become double.

HERB BENET Geum Urbanum, solst. fl. from about St. Urban's day to the end of July; from being in greatest plenty about Corpus Christi day it was called Herba Benedicta, now corrupted into Herb Benet.

HERB CHRISTOPHER.

HERB GERARD Aegopodium podagraria, vern. fl. about 23d April and through May; so called from St. Gerard, who is celebrated April 23d, and who used to be invoked against the gout; hence the several names of the plant.

HERB PARIS Paris quadrifolia.

HERB ROBERT, Geranium Robertianum, vern. and all summer; it flowers first in plenty in our hedges about St. Robert's day.

HERB MARGUERITE, a name of the daisy.

HERB SHERARD, a name given to a variety of the Mentha piperita.

HERB TWO PENCE.

HILBURY. See VACCINIUM. Hilbery jam, or the preserved fruit of the Vaccinium vitis Idaea, is made in Sweden, Scotland, and other northern counties in the end of August, and eaten by our northern neighbours for breakfast; it is also said to have medical virtues in cold and in irruptive fevers.

HIPS, HAWS, AND SLOWS.-Hips are the orange coloured fruit of the Dog rose and other wild roses; Haws are the red berries of the Hawthorn; Słows the wild plum of the blackthorn. They are all found from Michaelmas to Christmas, but become more conspicuous after the fall of the leaf.

HOLY CROSS DAY is May 3d, and about this time we may expect the Crossflower to blow.

HOLY ROOD DAY, Sept. 14th. About this time the Passionflower blows; and hence the origin of these names among the religious orders, who were our first European botanists.

HOLYHOCK Alhaea rosea, aest. fl. end of July to October.

HONESTY or Moonwort Lunaria annua, vern. fl. April and May.

HONEYSUCKLE, Lonicera periclymenum, called also Woodbine; may be called a solstitial plant if 'any, but it flowers all summer from May to August. The trumpet Honeysuckle, and several others, are less generally known. The Lonicera xylosteum, and L. capitolium, are smaller species, both natives of England; sometimes the Cornus succica is called Dwarf Honeysuckle.

HORNETS Vespa crabo, become common the same time as wasps; that is, in August and September, and later, then disappear when first the cool weather sets in in October.