36. Black Poplar Populus nigra, idem.

37. Po or Lombardy Poplar Populus dilatata, idem.

38. Athenian Poplar Populus Graeca, idem. 39. Smooth Poplar Populus laevigata, idem. 40. Tacumchore Poplar Populus balsamifera, idem.

41. Carolina Poplar Populus quadrangula, fl. March.

42. Sycamore Acer Pseudoplatanus, fl. April and May.

43. Norway Maple Acer Platanoides.

44. Virginia Maple Acer dasycarpum, fl. April and May.

45. Maple Acer campestris, fl. May and June. 46. Broadleaved Elm Ulmus campestris, fl. March and April.

47. Dutch Elm Ulmus suberosa, idem, a and B. 48. American Elm Ulmus Americana, a and B&y. 49. Hornbeanleaved Elmi Ulmus nemoralis.

50. Lime Tilia Europaea, fl. June, July, and August, a and B.

51. Pubescent Lime Tilia pubescens, fl. July and August.

52. Ash Fraxinus excelsior, fl. April, May. 53. Weeping Willow Salix Babylonica. 54. Box Buxus sempervivens.

55. Willows of innumerable sorts, of which the Salix cinerea, Salix alba, Salix fargilis, are the largest, and the Salix aquatica grows near water. Besides these Willows there are various Osiers and Sallows. They all flower early in March and April.

56. Tulip Tree Liliodendron Tulipefera, fl. July. The various characters of Trees are well described by Gilpin, in Forest Scenery; they have attracted the notice of poets as well as natural his

torians of almost every age; Homer, Virgil, Lucan, Ovid, Tasso, Spenser, and Milton, not to mention innumerable modern poets, have all of them very fine passages in which the special character of trees are described; we might add the Acasia and many others.

TUBEROSE Polyanthes Tuberosa, aest. fl. August, should be struck in a stove at first.

2. Brasil T. Polyanthes grailis.

TULIPS.-As most of the Tulips display a great variety of colours and forms, so has it become extremely difficult in this, as in many other tribes, to distinguish such permanent varieties as may be called species, from others of a more transitory nature. 1. The Standard Tulip, Tulipi Gesneri, vern. This is the most common and most universally cultivated; its varied hues are without number, and the History of the renowned Tulippomania demonstrates how much value is set on the choice roots. This plant, in our climate, flowers the last days of April, and continues through May.

2. The Sweet or Van Thol Tulip Tulipa suaveolens, early vern. fl. early in April.

3. The Clarimond Tulip Tulipa praecox, vern. fl. about the middle of April. There are several other exotic species, and one which is a native of England, viz. the wild yellow Tulip Tulipa sylvestris, which flowers about the 16th April, and continues till the beginning of May. Tulips are ornaments of the garden, and as they increase very fast by roots, have become almost universal. For particulars refer to Perennial Calendar for April 24th, and to Beckmann's Geschicte der Erfindungen, article Tulips. Tulip roots may be a taken up in September every third year, and

planted afresh in order to increase them by separating the young bulbs from the parent root; the same observation applies to nearly all bulbous roots. According to our opinion the following are the species of Tulips already made out as distinct, besides many varieties:-1. Wild Yellow T. Sylvestris ; 2. Van Thol T. suaveolens; 3. Clusius T. Clusiana; 4. Standard T. Gesneriana; 5. Clarimond T. praecox; 6. Cape T. Bregniana; 7. Wavy T. Turcica; 8. Twoflowered T. biflora; 9. Solar T. Oculis Solis; 10. Cels' T. Celsiana; 11. Horned T. Cornuta.

For some curious particulars relative to Tulips see Beckmann, supra cit.*

VACCINIUM.-A genus of octandrous bacciferae, the Red Whortle or Hill Berry Vaccinium Vitis

* I may add the following note on this plant from an unpublished MS.

Tulip or Turk's Cap, a name given to the genus Tulipa of Linnæus, signifying a Turban, and so named first in the Levant, where this plant is a native, and from whence it was spread over Europe during the great passion for gardens and flowers which took place about the time of Clusius the florist.

Botanists now divide this genus into several distinct species, and these into many varieties, but I question whether this genus will not serve to illustrate the doctrine formerly held, that species, like genus, was a name only for an artificial distinction of plants, that there were, in fact, no distinct boundaries between species, every form of nature being more or less allied to every other, and all liable more or less to mixture and infinite variety, by which new sorts are produced, and some become permanent as species, while others are more fugitive.

Ideae, f. June, bears berries in August. The Black Whortle Berries Vaccinium nigrum, idem.

VERNAL SEASON or late Spring, is, perhaps, the most delightful of the year in temperate climes; it begins about the middle of April, and continues to the feast of St. Barnabas, June 10th. The leaves now gradually expand, the trees, and shrubs, and meadows are in blossom; birds sing, the weather is fair and seasonable, and every thing looks daily more and more beautiful. The flowers of this season, particularly towards the close of it, are the most brilliant, perhaps, of any all the year round.

VIOLET.-The Sweet Violet Viola odorata, prim. fl. in February, and through March and April. The Dog Violet Viola canina, March 20th, abundant in hedges, together with Primroses, to end of April. White Violet Viola albiflora, the same time as the Sweet Violet. The Tunbridge Violet Viola Tunbrigiensis, discovered by Mr. T. F. Forster, also fl. at the same time.

For Dames Violet, and others not properly violets, see their proper names in loco.

VINE Vitis vinifera. The various sorts of Vines bear at somewhat different times, and climate and soil still further vary them in this as in other respects; generally speaking, however, grapes are produced from the middle of July to Michaelmas, and they continue in season to the end of November, and are preserved through the whole year.

VIRGIN'S BOWER Clematis vitalba, aest.. a beautiful climber, flowering first about the Visitation of Our Lady, and arriving at the maximum of its flowering about the time of the Assumption; hence its name, which, like many others of the same sort,

pasi sired a wier v inrease them by sepaMY IN Ant hubs in the parent root; the sum eva mie es bulbous roots. APER Ar mout ze kuowing are the ་་་ TIN Br made cat as distinct, A mai 2-1 Mid Yellow T. Syl

Tha suras: 3. Clusius & Sundard K. Gesneriana; 5. ClaPeter & Cape T. Bregmiana; wacze S. Trodowered T. biflora; eds Sus: A Ces T. Celsiana;

Tax-Ages of octandrous bacciferae, in Set Where it Berry Vaccinium Vitis

* I may all the showing note on this plant from

ve Dark's Cap a name giren to the genus MALAS Turban, and so named che tout where this plant is a native, and Som once was spread over Europe during the TE ARNOT be ardens and flowers which took place e of Clusius the florist.

Rocanso to divide this genus into several distinct golds into many varieties, but I question Ackers will not serve to illustrate the Aure Avely held that species, like genus, was Mae only for an artificial distin