Elements of the Differential Calculus: With Examples and Applications

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Ginn, 1891 - 258 sider
 

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CHAPTER II
11
Article Page
12
Article
13
Derivative of a function of a function of the variable
18
Derivative may sometimes be found by solving an equation
25
Indeterminate Forms
26
Derivative zero at a maximum or a minimum
28
Maxima and Minima of a Continuous Function
31
General rule for discovering maxima and minima Examples
36
Integration Integral
42
CHAPTER IV
49
Investigation of these limits
57
Differentiation of log x completed
64
CHAPTER V
65
Simplification by an algebraic transformation Examples
71
Article Page 87 To find actual curvature conveniently an indirect method of differentiation must be used
77
The derivative of z with respect to y is the quotient of the derivative of z with respect to x by the derivative of y with respect to x
78
f sin x Examples
80
Osculating circle Radius of curvature Centre of curvature
81
Definition of evolute Formulas for evolute
82
Evolute of a parabola
83
Reduced formulas for evolute Example
85
Total curvature mean curvature actual curvature Formula
86
Every normal to a curve is tangent to the evolute
87
Length of an arc of evolute
88
CHAPTER VII
90
Equations of the cycloid referred to vertex as origin Exam ples
92
Statement of properties of cycloid to be investigated
93
Equations of tangent and normal Example
94
Curvature Examples
95
Evolute of cycloid
96
Length of an arc of cyloid
97
Area of cycloid Examples
98
CHAPTER VIII
102
Two principles of mechanics taken for granted
103
Article Page
105
Motion down a smooth curve Examples
112
77
115
Definition of series Convergent series Divergent series
118
Direction of a tangent to a parabola
163
Area of a sector of a parabola
164
The limit of the ratio of an infinitesimal arc to its chord is unity
166
Tangent to an ellipse Examples
167
The area of a segment of a parabola Examples
168
New way of regarding the cycloid
169
Area of the cycloid
171
Length of an arc of the cycloid
172
Radius of curvature of the cycloid
174
Evolute of the cycloid
176
Examples
177
CHAPTER XI
183
Definition of differential
185
Formulas for differentials of functions Examples
186
The differential notation especially convenient in dealing with problems in integration Numerical example
187
Integral regarded as the limit of a sum of differentials Defi nite integral
189
Definition of centre of gravity The centre of gravity of a parabola
190
Article Page
192
CHAPTER XII
199
Use of partial derivatives in finding successive complete deriv
205
Article Page
206
nates Examples
213
CHAPTER XIV
220
Tangent plane to a surface Examples
226
Eulers Theorem for homogeneous functions Example
232
Examples
239
CHAPTER XVII
240
Application of Taylors Theorem to the treatment of convexity and concavity and points of inflection
241
Examples
243
Singular points
245
Test for a multiple point
246
Detection of osculating points cusps conjugate points points darrêt and points saillant
247
Example of a cusp
249
Example of a conjugate point Examples
250
Contact of Curves 237 Orders of contact
251
Order of contact indicates closeness of contact
252
Osculating circle Examples
254
An equation may represent a series of curves Variable parameter Envelop 255
255
Example
257

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Side 167 - A tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius drawn to the point of contact.
Side 108 - ... inversely proportional to the square of the distance of the body from the centre of the earth.
Side 190 - Ja; = 0 185. We can now take up some new problems that could not be conveniently approached while the integral was treated merely as an inverse function, and we shall consider very briefly one connected with the subject of centre of gravity. The centre of gravity of a body is a point so situated that the body will remain motionless in any position in which it may be placed, provided this point is supported.
Side 252 - i a, the curves are said to have contact of the nth order at the point whose abscissa is a. Contact of a higher order than the first is called osculation. 238. The difference between the ordinates of points of the two curves having the same abscissa and infinitely near the point of contact, is an infinitesimal of an order one higher than the order of contact of the curves. Let x = o + Ja;, and y 2 y, =fa + Jxf'a + ~21 ; F"a + ..... 11...
Side 167 - If two right-angled triangles have the hypothenuse and a side of the one equal to the hypothenuse and a side of the other, each to each, the triangles are equal. Let...
Side 260 - The book, in my opinion, is a model Algebra, distinguished for its clearness of explanation and the eminently practical nature of its matter. JC Glashan, Inspector of Public Schools, Ottawa, Canada : I am satisfied I can unqualifiedly recommend it. Henry Bay Warner, Prof. of Mathematics, Ml.

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