this policy for its expiration. The Committee, however, may at their discretion admit the claims of such member to the extent of the contributions which he is liable to pay to the intent that such claims may be set off against such contributions (note 8).
(9) The said ship shall be deemed to be at all times fully insured against all perils covered by an ordinary Lloyd's policy, with collision clause attached (note 9) and containing an F. C. & S. clause in the following terms:
Warranted free from capture, seizure and detention, and the consequences thereof or any attempt thereat, barratry, piracy, riots and civil commotions excepted and also from all consequences of hostilities or warlike operations whether before or after declaration of war. and to be fully entered in the....... ...Protection Association Limited, and no claim whatever against which a ship is deemed to be otherwise insured or protected as aforesaid or against which she is in fact insured or protected by any other insurance policy or Protection Association shall be recoverable under this policy.
(10) In ascertaining whether a ship is a constructive total loss, the insured value shall be taken as the repaired value, and nothing in respect of the damaged or breaking up value of the ship shall be taken into account.
(11) In the event of total or constructive total loss no claim to be made by the Association for freight or passage moneys, whether notice of abandonment has been given or not (note 10).
(12) Prompt notice of any loss, or of the happening of any event which is likely to give rise to a claim, shall be given in writing to the Association, failing which the Committee may, in their absolute discretion, refuse to admit the claim or make such deduction therefrom as they may think fit (note II).
Accident insurance: taxation, 101; in Ger-
many, 165; in Switzerland, 173; in Den-
mark, 174.
See Airplane insurance.
Agents of the enemy, American court de-
cisions concerning, 33.
Airplane insurance, 12; in England, 217;
in Germany, 220.
Alien enemies: British proclamation con.
cerning, 16; public custodian for prop-
erty of, 17; forbidden to write policies
of marine or
war risk insurance, 22;
American court decisions concerning, 25;
English court decisions concerning, 34.
Alien Property Custodian, 17, 235, 238.
Allotments, family: in United States, 146,
262; in Canada, 157; in England, 160;
in France, 162; in Germany, 169; in
Austria-Hungary, 171; in Italy, 172; in
Switzerland, 174.
Allowances. See Allotments, family.
Amalgamations in marine insurance: Eng-
lish, 196; German, 203.
American court decisions on
ance contracts, 25.
Amount of life insurance written, effect
of war on, 49; English statistics, 50;
Japanese business from 1880 to
51; Canadian statistics, 52; in Germany,
52; in Russia, 53; lapses and surrender
of policies, 53; loans on policies, 55.
Application blanks for United States gov-
ernment insurance: vessel, 272; cargo,
273; freight, 274; crew, 275.
Army Nurse Corps, insurance for, 126,
135, 147, 265, 268, 269.
Association of Life Insurance Presidents,
report to, 64.
government insurance in, 44;
participation of life companies in gov.
ernment loans, 96.
war clause in life in-
surance companies, 79; social insurance,
171; fire reinsurance, 213; fire insur-
ance, 242.
Aviation: application of war risk clauses
to, in Great Britain, 77.
Bombardment insurance, 11, 217.
British court decisions during present war,
British fire insurance stocks, table showing,
226.
British government aid to insurance: ma-
rine, 181 airplane, 217.
British marine companies, private: business
transacted by, 189; loss settlements of,
190; statistics, 192, 193,
194: effect of
high rates, 194; amalgamations, 196.
Burial expenses, allowances for, 147.
Canada: early effects on life insurance in,
51; statistics, 52; government loans in,
96; mortality experience of, 111; social
insurance and pensions in, 157.
Canadian Patriotic Fund, 157.
Cargo insurance by United States Govern-
act providing for, 249: instruc-
tions concerning, 251; application blank
for, 273; form of policy, 282.
Chino-Japanese War, death rate for Jap.
anese Army, 61.
Civil War, death rate in, 61.
Contracts and the war, 14; court decisions
concerning: American, 25; British, 34;
terms of life policies, 57:
Court decisions on status of war insurance
contracts: American cases, 25;
English
cases during present war, 34.
Crew insurance by United States Govern-
ment: act providing for, 253; applica
tion blank for, 275; form of policy, 276.
Deaths due to present war, table showing,
Denmark, social insurance in, 174; fire
reinsurance companies in, 216.
Depreciation in securities of life insurance
companies: in United States, 85; in Eng-
land, 87.
Development of insurance, scientific, 4.
Disability clause in life insurance policies,
Disability insurance: United States, 140,
148, 265; Canada, 157; England, 160;
France, 163; Germany, 170; Austria-
Hungary, 171; Italy, 172.
Enemy, agents of the: American court de-
cisions concerning, 33.
Enemy fire insurance companies in United
States: status of, 231; statistics, 233,
236; exclusion of, 234. See also Alien
enemies.
England: status of alien enemies, 15; regu-
lations, 24; court decisions, 34; early
effects on life companies, 50; war clause
in life companies, 72; finances of life
companies, 87; mortality experience, 113;
social insurance, 158; public aid to ma-
rine insurance, 181, 286; fire reinsur-
ance, 213; airplane insurance, 217; fire
insurance, 220.
English court decisions on war insurance
contracts, 34.
English life offices, war mortality and, 114.
Equitable Life Assurance Society, war
clauses of, 69.
Equitable Life Insurance Company, war
clauses of, 66.
Evils of United States pension system, 153.
Family allotments. See Allotments, family.
Finances of English fire insurance
panies, 221; statistics, 222, 224, 225, 226.
Finances of life companies, 81; premium
income, 82; depreciation of securities,
84; English companies, 87; participation
in government loans, 94; taxation, 98.
Fire hazards, new, 207.
Fire insurance: taxation, 101; new indus-
trial hazards, 208; moral hazards, 209;
difficulty in increasing rates, 211; in-
crease in operating expenses, 211; rein-
surance, 212; bombardment and air-
plane risks, 217; in England, 220; in
United States, 227; in France, 238; in
Germany and Austria, 242; in Sweden,
244.
Foreign companies, English decision
status of, 15; rights of, 17; proclama-
tions concerning, 16, 18, 20; British
regulations concerning, 24; in the
United States, 229; decision of Secre-
tary McAdoo concerning, 234.
France: moratoria, 40; war clause in life
companies, 78; mortality experience,
110; social insurance and pensions, 162;
marine insurance, 201; fire reinsurance,
215, 216; fire insurance, 238.
Franco-Prussian War: German death rate
in, 61; mortality statistics in countries
affected by, 107, 108.
Freight insurance by United States Gov-
ernment: act providing for, 249; appli-
cation blank for, 274; policy form, 284.
French fire insurance statistics, 240, 241.
German fire insurance companies, status
of: in United States, 232; in France
and England, 233.
German fire reinsurance, 213.
Germania Life Insurance Company, war
clauses of, 71.
Germany: life insurance, 52, 96; mortality
experience, 117; social insurance, 163;
accident insurance, 165; old age insur-
ance, 167; family allotments, 169; pen-
sions, 170; marine insurance, 202; fire
reinsurance, 213; airplane insurance,
220; fire insurance, 242.
Government aid to marine insurance: in
England, 181, 286; in the United States,
196, 249, 272; in France, 201; in Ger-
many, 202; in Japan, 204; in Sweden,
205; in Russia, 206.
Government insurance: before the war,
44: British airplane and bombardment
insurance, 217; in United States, see
War risk insurance.
Government loans, participation by life
companies in: United States, 94, 98;
England, 94; Australia, 96; Canada, 96;
Germany, 96.
Great Southern Company, war clauses of,
69.
Health insurance: taxation of, 101.
Home Life Insurance Company, war
clauses of, 69.
Incontestable clause in life insurance
policies, 72.
Increased taxation of insurance com-
panies, 44. 98, 101, 230, 240.
Industrial hazards in fire insurance, 208.
Interest, payment of: American court de.
cisions concerning, 32.
Inter-Mountain Life Insurance Company,
war clauses of, 70.
Italy, government insurance in, 45; social
insurance in, 172.
Japan: life insurance, 51; death rate dur-
ing Chino-Japanese war, 61; marine in-
Lapses and surrender of life policies, 53-
Liability insurance: taxation, 101.
Life insurance: prewar status of, 46; ef-
fect of war on: amount written, 49;
policy contracts, 57; companies' finances,
81; taxation, 98; mortality experience,
105. See also War risk insurance.
Loans: on policies, 55; participation of life
insurance companies in government, 94.
McAdoo, William G.: extract of letter of,
122; conference called by, 199; decision
by, concerning enemy fire insurance
companies, 234.
Marine insurance: alien enemies forbidden
to write policies of, 22; taxation, 101;
increased risks, 176; public aid, 180; in
England, 181; in United States, 196,
249, 272; in France, 201; in Germany,
202; in Japan, 204; in Sweden, 205; in
Russia, 205.
See also War Risk In.
surance Bureau Act.
Marine loss settlements, 190.
Maritime insurance. See Marine insur-
Maryland Life Insurance Company, war
clauses of, 68.
Maternity benefits: English, 159; French,
163; German, 169; Italian, 172.
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company,
plan of, for insuring Canadian soldiers,
113.
Mexican War, death rate in, 61.
Military and Naval Insurance, Bureau of,
122; policy for, 132.
Military service clause.
in life insurance policies.
Mines, effect of, on marine insurance, 177.
Minnesota Mutual Company, war clauses
of, 68.
Missouri State Life Insurance Company,
war clauses of, 68.
Moral hazards in fire insurance, 209.
Moratoria and insurance: in France. 40;
in United States, 41, 83; in England, 82.
Mortality cost, plans for meeting, 120;
United States government insurance,
122; terms and conditions of soldiers'
and sailors' insurance, 129.
Mortality experience: of nonbelligerents,
106; in France, 110; in Canada, 111;
in England, 113; in Germany, 117.
Mutual Life Insurance Company, table
showing war losses of, 111.
National Insurance Act of England, 158.
National Life Insurance Company of the
United States of America, war clauses
of, 67.
Navy Nurse Corps, insurance for, 126,
135, 147, 265, 268, 269.
Neutral countries: fire insurance in, 244.
Neutrals in Franco-Prussian War, table
showing deaths of combatants and, 108.
New England Mutual Life Insurance Com-
pany, war clauses of, 67.
New York Life Insurance Company, war
clauses of, 67.
Nonbelligerents, mortality of, 106.
Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Com-
pany, war clauses of. 65.
Northwestern National Life Insurance
Company, war clauses of, 65.
Occidental Life Insurance Company, war
clauses of, 66.
Old age pensions: in Germany, 167; in
Denmark, 174.
Operating expenses of fire insurance, in-
crease in, 211.
Pension system of the United States:
classification, 149; service pensions, 150;
evils of, 153.
Pensions. See Social insurance and pen-
sions; Pension system of the United
States.
Policy forms for United States govern.
ment insurance: crew, 276; vessel, 277;
voyage, 280; cargo, 282; freight, 284.
Policy forms used in agreement between
British Government and insurance com-
panies: standard form issued by the As-
sociation, 286; reinsurance form issued
by the government, 292; form issued by
Association to cover new voyages during
Premium income of life companies, effect
of war on: in England, 82; in United
States, 83.
President of United States. See Wilson,
Woodrow.
Presidential proclamations, 18, 20.
Private marine companies, 189.
Proclamations concerning insurance: Brit-
ish, 16; American, 18, 20.
Property insurance, war and, 9.
Prudential Insurance Company of Eng-
land, war claims paid by, 116.
Prussia. See Germany.
Prussian Life Insurance Company, report
of, 117..
Public aid to marine insurance: English,
181; American, 196, 249; French, 201;
German, 202; Japanese, 204; Swedish,
205; Russian, 206.
Public custodians of insurance property,
16, 238.
Public insurance. See Government insur-
Rates: war risk, in life insurance, 77;
table of, for United States government
insurance, 130, 131; effect of high ma-
rine, 194; difficulty in increasing, for
fire insurance, 211.
Reinsurance in fire insurance, 212.
Rights of foreign companies, 17.
Russia: life insurance, 53; marine insur-
ance, 205; fire reinsurance, 213, 216.
Scandinavia: fire reinsurance in, 213.
Scientific development of insurance, 4.
Secretary of the Treasury. See McAdoo,
Wm. G.
Securities of life insurance companies, de-
preciation in. See Depreciation in se-
curities, etc.
Separation allowances. See Allotments,
family.
Service pensions: in the United States,
150; statistics, 153, 154; in Germany,
Social insurance and pensions: growth of,
12, 143; war effect on, 144; in the
United States, 145; in Canada, 157; in
England, 158; in France, 162; in Ger-
many, 163; in Austria-Hungary, 171; in
Italy, 172; in Switzerland, 173; in Den-
mark, 174;
Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Rights Bill, 83.
Soldiers' and Sailors' insurance: terms and
conditions of, 129; text of act provid-
ing for, 257-
Spanish-American War, mortality experi-
ence in, 61.
Statistical tables: Life insurance: amount
in leading nations in 1916, 47; foreign
business of United States companies,
48; early effects on English companies,
50; growth in Japan, 51; conditions in
Canada, 52; surrender values paid by
English companies, 56; classification of
war clauses in United States, 62, 63;
tabulation of English war clauses, 76;
extra premium for war hazard, 78; dis-
tribution of assets and price movement
of bonds in United States, 86, 87;
finances of English companies, 90-93;
mortality statistics, 106-109, III, 112,
115; United States war risk insurance,
129-131, 134; total number engaged in
previous United States wars, 152; pen-
sion statistics, 153-155. Marine insur-
ance: finances of British companies for
1914 and 1915, 192-194; finances of
American companies, 197; business
transacted by War Risk Bureau, 200;
finances of German companies, 202.
Fire insurance: British finances, 222-
226; losses in United States, 1910-1916,
229; finances of foreign companies in
United States, 233, 236; financial state-
ments of French companies, 240, 241;
finances of German and Austrian com-
panies, 242, 243; premiums and losses
in Sweden, 245.
Status of enemy fire insurance companies
in United States, 231; statistics, 233,
236.
Status of life insurance before the war,
46.
Statutes of limitation American court de-
cisions concerning effect of war on, 33.
Submarine insurance, 12.
Surety bonds: taxation of, 101.
Surrender of policies, lapses and, 53.
Sweden: marine insurance in, 205; fire
insurance in, 244.
Switzerland, social insurance in, 173.
Taxation, 44, 98, 101, 230, 240.
Terms of life insurance policy contracts:
modifications necessitated in, 57; efforts
to unify war clause, 61; practice in
United States, 65; disability clause, 71;
war clause in England, 72; rates for
war risk, 77; in France, 78; in Austria-
Hungary, 79.
Trading with the enemy: American act,
22, 231; English act, 24; American court
decisions concerning, 25; English court
decisions concerning, 34; German act,
United States: foreign companies, 17, 229;
court decisions, 25; moratoria, 41, 83:
efforts to unify war clause, 61; di
vergence in practice of life companies,
65; disability clause, 71, 140; Soldiers'
and Sailors' Civil Rights Bill, 83: stock
exchange situation, 86; participation in
government loans, 94; taxation, 99, 230;
government insurance, 122; social insur-
ance, 145; pension system, 149; marine
insurance, 196, 249, 272; fire insurance,
227. See also War risk insurance.
Vessel insurance by United States Gov-
ernment: act providing for, 240; in-
structions concerning, 251; application
blank for, 272; form of policy, 277.
War claims paid by English companies,
table showing, 115.
War clause in life insurance policies: ef-
forts to unify, 61; in the United States,
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