men speak, shall they give account on the day of judgment." And if, for every idle word men speak they shall give account, what shall be the case of those who have recorded, as evidence against themselves, wicked words,-words detractive of the purpose and of the revelation of God;-words disparaging to the reputation of His Prophets, His Saints, His holy Apostles, yea, of His own dear Son-very GoD of very GOD?

:

Upon the men who print their words, and perpetuate their thoughts, be the responsibility and if any inconvenience arise from this record of the perverse or wicked labours of such noxious individuals, let the blame lie against those, whose unnatural conduct against their holy Mother, and her venerable, her apostolical institutions*, have made this reference to facts necessary for the practical denial of their ungenerous and untrue accusations.

I have thought it right to add to the list here presented to the reader, all endowed men of this Church, whether Fellows of Colleges, Professors of the Universities, &c.; and, in justification of my having inserted their names, I here reprint what I added to the second edition of a Pamphlet, now some time published, with a list of 1,200 Endowed Sinecurists of the Church:

"I have enrolled the names of Fellows of Colleges and University Officers with the Prebendal Clergy, for this reason, viz.-if the prebendal patronage had, in every case, been bestowed as it ought to have been, many of the former who gave proof of their value, as good servants of The Church, and had thus earned these preferments, would certainly have had them, had not such, their legitimate spheres of action, and places of promotion, been forestalled by members-and how often unworthy members !—of ministerial or episcopal connexion. Theirs, therefore, they properly were, though they had them not; for I desire to express my concurrence with the feeling of the judicious Hooker, in his opinion, that a portion of the surplusage of preferment of this kind should always be preserved for the learned in the Universities: his words being, 'if Churches-Cathedral being furnished with residence of a competent number of virtuous, grave, wise, and learned Divines, the rest of the Prebends of every such church were given unto men of worthiest desert, for their better encouragement unto industry and travel; unless it seem also convenient to extend the benefit of them unto the learned in Universities, and men of special employment otherwise in the affairs of the Church of GOD.'

"But, independently of this proper and natural connexion existing between the inferior and superior places of dignity in The Church, it will be recollected, that certain fellowships now partake, more or less, of the prebendal character; and indeed, the chief of the tutorial duties that devolve now upon Fellows-I speak under correction-are accidental, rather than essential. Fellowships, (as well as

* "The very countenance of apostolical antiquity," saith Hooker.

scholarships after graduation in Arts), are intended to supply opportunities of learned leisure. Such was the intention of their founders. Convenience it is that has changed the character of the Fellowships. A change to which I do not object: but that change must not be taken advantage of to give them a character not recognised in their foundation, and establish an excuse for not seizing upon them also. The Fellowships of All Souls', and of Merton, Oxford, of King's College, Cambridge, of Winchester, of Eton, of Manchester, and others, are, some almost, others quite, removed from the labour of tuition; which is, indeed, nearly optional in every case; they are, therefore, as essentially sinecures as Cathedral stalls. The Students of Christ Church are, or should be, as their name implies, Students. The dignity of a Prebendary is greater, and more responsible, because his functions are more extended and important, than that of a Fellow, however the Bishops of London and Lincoln may find it convenient to disparage the former. But the same policy which now seizes upon the spare prebendal stalls, may, with equal justice, and much more show of decency, in the hopeless expectation of filling the vortex of selfishness to the brim, grasp the Fellowships of the Universities, leaving two or three tutors to each College; the Procustean dimensions of utility and possibility being, with singular diligence, accurately adjusted, according to the arbitrement of those who take care not to touch with their' little fingers the burdens they lay on other men's loins. And who can doubt, that the same selfishness of some few craving and soulless men, which now looks on with glee at the falling of the cedars of Lebanon, because the chips of the hacking may help to boil their mess of potage, will be backward to cheer on the same 'hewers of wood' in their headlong process, when there will be, as they may think, in the plunder of the Fellowships, a wellassured store to fill the pot to its brim to-morrow? Nor let the same Episcopal Commissioners think the movement will stop when and where they think it ought; for, when Expediency, not Right, is the rule of men's actions, where will Esau stop? Their own revenues will be the next to go.

"Let, therefore, the Clergy generally have regard to the, as yet, present probabilities of their sons obtaining that provision for life, to which many of them now look, in Studentships, Fellowships &c., and which will be certainly lost to them, by the precedent of prebendal spoliation, if the present Clergy are now supine in defending these things. If they look not personally to benefit by them, they have a right, even for their sons' sake, setting that of The Church out of the question, to complain at their destruction. In the DEFENCE of Stalls, no less than of Fellowships, we have ALL a common right and common property. I only hope that none of those, who are selfishly holding back from their defence, may live to repent of their want of feeling, their strange neglect of the honour of their Church, past, present, or future.

“The impression has indeed prevailed, that Stalls and Fellowships, save as means of tuition, are useless. Let those, who thus think, regard the works to which they have given rise,either, the latter especially, as affording leisure for

their performance, or, with respect to the former, as stimulants to exertion,and then judge what would be the condition of our Church at this day if such works had never issued from the press. Now, this is a sort of proof which admits of ocular demonstration: let me have recourse to it here now and for the last time, if yet there be time for any proof to take effect. Dr. Pusey presented to the public, two years ago, a century of Cathedral Divines, and then said, he doubted not but that another hundred could be easily culled, if time and opportunity were afforded for the search. He judged correctly; but he would have spoken within the bounds of possibility had he said ten instead of one, as the accompanying list may satisfy the reader."

The reader will observe the names of laymen occasionally occurring in the columns of this volume--and justly. Did they not enjoy the endowments of The Church? and in The Church? and as Churchmen? As Fellows of Colleges, were they not in reality, and in just etymological meaning of the word, Prebendaries; though not perhaps in the accidental and arbitrary signification we now attach to the word Prebend, as its only meaning? Assuredly they were. And where did they lay the foundation of that intellectual wealth, which afterwards accumulating upon, they left to enlighten and assist, and to mentally enrich mankind? Newton, Locke, Bryant, Sir Wm. Jones, Sir Wm. Blackstone, Camden, Gaius, Keill, Ray, Sir Henry Wotton, Sir Henry Savile, Selden, Sydenham, Harvey, Sir Christopher Wren, Linacre, John Greaves, Sir Leoline Jenkins, Leberden, Dodwell, &c., &c., were the generous sons of each of their respective Almæ Matres; and if our endowments had never produced any other fruit but the embodied emanations of the minds of these sages, philosophers, physiologists, jurists, &c., whose youthful intellects were fostered and matured while benefitting by the leisure secured to them in the enjoyment of their Prebends, and in possession of which we now exult, they would, one might suppose, be entitled to the respect of the nation-gratitude to their founders it were vain to hope for in these selfish utilitarian days:-

"All obedience bows to these alone

And talent sinks, and merit weeps unknown;

time may come, when, stripped of all her charms,

The land of scholars, and the nurse of arms,

Where noble stems transmit the patriot flame,

Where kings have toil'd, and poets wrote, for fame;

One sink of level avarice shall lie,

And scholars, soldiers, kings, unhonoured die."-GOLDSMITH'S TRAVELLER.

In conclusion, I beg to say, that the smallness of the contribution of any individual to the common stock is no evidence of the meagreness of his talent, or of the insignificance of his powers. The fact of his being in print, records the willingness of the servant of The Church to come to her defence when needed; and that neither trouble, time, nor expense would have been spared had the exingencies of the day

required greater or more laborious efforts in her aid. It is well to have a standing army: we need not always have recourse to its power. The occasional Sermons, recorded sometimes as the single publications of individuals, as "in the year 45," "Jan. 30th," "the 5th Nov." &c., prove that a standing army of divines is as useful, and much more powerful, than one of soldiers: the latter coerce for the moment the carnal powers of an unruly multitude; the other control the minds of the masses of the people, and move them to obedience to the powers that be, by instilling into them permanent lessons, the abiding sanctions of the revelation of God, in favour of subordination.

I must not omit to record my thanks to those who have been so kind as to assist me in the performance of this Work, which, with all its imperfections, will, I hope, be interesting as well as useful to many. Those who profit by it will have to thank others more than the nominal Compiler. They will have to thank chiefly the Rev. Dr. Pusey, whose very useful publication in defence of Cathedral Institutions first of all gave him practical arguments with which to illustrate practically his own theory, and the example of exhibiting the use of endowments, by printing a list of those who, in their particular vocations, had contributed to enrich the intellectual stores of the Church Catholic in general, this British branch of it in particular.

To several, whom it would pain to be named, and who have chiefly endured the drudgery of collation, classification, and transcription from the schedules to the copy, they will be indebted. Such excellent individuals want no thanks. They have felt that they have been allowed to lawfully help in sustaining our glorious ark; the consciousness of their privilege has more than repaid them.

LIST OF WORKS,

&c. &c. &c.