CALENDAR FOR 1858. 1858. SUNDAY 1858. | SUNDAY MONDAY. WEDNES. co SATURDAY.. JANUARY. FEBRUARY 281 MARCH... APRIL. 12 July.. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 AUGUST 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 I. 1 2 3 4 5 6 SEPTEMBER.. 1 2 3 4 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 28 29 30 31 26 27 28 29 30 1 2 3 OCTOBER.. 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 25 26 27 28 29 30 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 1 31 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 NOVEMBER 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 123 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 1031 28 29 30 11 2 3 4 5 DECEMBER..... 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 27 28 29 30 26 27 28 29 30 31 MAY JUNE.. ECLIPSES IN 1858. In the year 1858 there will be four eclipses—two of the sun, and two of the moon. 1st. A partial eclipse of the moon, February 27, only partly visible in the United States. The moon will rise partly eclipsed, which will take place generally after the time of the greatest phase. Its magnitude will be 0.333 of moon diameter on the southern limb. 2d. An annular eclipse of the sun, March 15. The sun will be centrally eclipsed on the meridian in lon. 30 45/ west of Greenwich, lat. 45° 41' north. In some parts of the United States the sun will be partially eclipsed. 3d. A partial eclipse of the moon, August 24. The magnitude of the eclipse will be 0.470 of moon diameter on the northern limb. At some places the first contact will not be visible; but to most places in the United States the whole eclipse will be visible. 4th. A total eclipse of the sun, September 7. In lon. 400 51' west of Greenwich, lat. 310 59' south. This eclipse will be total on the meridian. The sun will be centrały eclipsed in the southern hemisphere only. NAMES, Mean di Light and heat, earth | being 1. * A ninth asteroid named Metis, and also a tenth not yet named, have been discovered since the beginning of 1818, between Mars and Jupiter; but as the sizes, distances, etc., are yet unknown, they have not been added to the table. ever. 3 DIRECTIONS. A TABLE exhibiting the Dominical||A TABLE showing what Day of the Letter for every year in the 19th Week any Day of the Month is, for century A.D. 0 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 | January, Oct., A B C D E F G 180 E DC BAG F E DCB A Feb., Mar., Nov., D E F G A B C 181 G F EDC B AGF E D C |April, July, G A B C D E F 182 BA G F EDC B A G FE D May, B C D E F G A 183 C BAG F E DCB AGF June, E F G A B C D 184 ED C B AGF E D C BAG August, C D E F G A B 185 F EDC BA GFE D C B September, Dec., F G A B C D E 186 AG F E D CB A G F EDC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 187 B AGF E D C BA G F E 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 188 DO BA GEF D C BAGF Seek the Do-15 16 17 18 19 20 21 189 E DICBA G F EDC B A Iminical letter for 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 190) G F E D CB A G F EDC the given year a-29 30 31 DIRECTIONS.—The Dominical letter|gainst the given month in this table, for any year will be found against the and the figures below in that column, first three figures of the date, and un- show the days of the month answering der the fourth or unit figure. There to each of the Sundays—from the are two Dominical letters for every nearest of which to the given day, Bissextile year; the first serving for count backward or forward in the January and February, and the other week, as in the following example : for the remainder of the year. What day of the week was May 28th, 1808 ? The Dominical letter for that year, after February (it being bissextile), was B, which against May stands over the 29th day. Now as the 29th was Sunday, the 28th, you know, must have been Saturday. LEGAL RATES OF INTEREST. The legal rate is 8 per cent. in Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Florida. It is 7 per cent. in New York, South Carolina, Michigan, Wis consin, and Iowa. In all the other states it is 6 per cent. MEASURES OF TIME AND MOTION. EXTRACT FROM BRITISH ALMANAC.-1851. A mean solar day is the mean apparent time of one revolution of the earth on its axis ; it is divided into 24 hours, an hour into 60 minutes, and a minute into 60 seconds, &c.: hence the mean daily apparent motion of the sun is 15 degrees per hour, or 1 degree in 4 minutes of time. A sidereal day is the real and invariable period of the diurnal rotation, and contains 23 hours, 56 minutes, 4 1-10 seconds of mean solar time. A tropical year is the period of one revolution of the earth in its orbit, and contains 365 days, 5 hours, 18 minutes, 49:19 seconds of mean solar time. The seconds' pendulum makes 86,400 vibrations in a mean solar day at the same place on the earth's surface. Measure of Time. 60 Seconds.. 1 Minute. 28 Days... =1 Lunar Month. 60 Minutes. 1 Hour. 2, 29, 30, or 31.....=1 (alendar Month. 24 Hours...... =1 Day.* 12 Calendar Months.=[ Year. 7 Days... =l Week. 365 Days...... =l Common Year. 366 Days........=I Leap year. * A lunar day is 23 hours, 48 minutes. The sideral is 3: 56" less than the solar day. In 400 years 97 are leap years, and 303 common. A Catalogue of Useful Things. A quire of paper, 24 sheets. Flour, boll of 10 pecks or stones, 14 b. A ream of paper contains 20 quires. sack of 2 bolls, 280 lb. A bale of paper, 10 reams. barrel, 196 lb. A roll of parchment or vellum, 5 dozen or 1 hogshead of claret, 58 galls. 60 skins. 8 pints, dry or liquid measure, a gallon. A dicker of hides, 10 skins. 8 gallons, a bushel of corn. Ditto of gloves, 10 dozen pair. 8 bushels of corn, a quarter. A last of hides, 20 dickers. A last of corn or rape seed, 10 quarters, or 80 A chaldron of coals, 36 bushels. bushels. Standard gallon contains 10 lb, avoirdupois Ditto of potash, cod fish, white herrings, of distilled water. meal, pitch, and tar, 12 barrels. A weigh of cheese, 236 lb. Ditto of flax and feathers, 17 cwt.; of goinThe hundred weight is 112 lb. powder, 24 barrels, or 2400 Ib. ; of wool, A stone of fish, 14 lb., and of wool, 14 lb. 4568 ib. The same for horseman's weight, hay, A tiin of wine, 252 gallons; oil of Greenland, iron, shot, &c. ditto. A stone of glass, 5 lb., and a seam of ditti. A ton in weight is 20 cwt, of iron, &c., bnt 24 stone. in lead there is but 19 cwt. and a hall, A cade of red herrings, 500, and sprats 1000. called a fother, which is 2184 lb. A load of timber unhewn, 40 feet. A tod of wool is 28 pounds. A pocket of hops, average weight about it A pack of ditto, 364 pounds. to 2 cwt. 4 lb. avoirdupois is eqnal to 5 lb. Troy nearly. A bag of hops nearly 31 cwt. A firkin of butter, 56 lb. A ton contains 42 cubic feet. A pipe or butt is 120 gallons. 1 butt of sherry, 130 galls. A quintal or kintal, 1 cwt. Flour, peck or stone, 14 lb. A load of bricks, 500, and plain tiles, 1000. Commercial Numbers. 12 Articles ........ ...l Dozen. 24 Sheets Paper. ...1 Quire. 13 Ditto....... ..1 Long Dozen. 20 Ditto.... ......1 do. outsides. 12 Dozen.............. Gross. 25 Ditto.... ..) Printer's do. 20 Articles ............1 Score. 20 Quires... ..1 Ream. 5 Score..............1 Common hundred. 21.1 Ditto.... 1 Printer's do. 6 Score. ..... ...1 Great hundred. 2 Reams.......... ....1 Bundle. 80 Deals .. ......1 Quarter. 10 Ditto. 1 Bale. 4 Quarters...........1 Hundred. 5 Dz. Skins of Parchment.l Roll. 90 Words in Chancery; 89 ditto in Exchequer, 1 Folio. or PAR OF EXCHANGE. The exact par of exchange is 1094. As much as it rises above that rate shows the profit in transmitting gold to England from the United States , as much as it falls below that rate, shows the profit in importing gold from England into the United States. But then, in both cases, allowance must be male for the charges in various ways of the transaction. These are much smaller in the transmission of bullion from England than the import from England to America, for this obvious reason—the actual exchange quotelis always for bills drawn at New York on London at sixty days' sight. It therefore, bills are bought in New York to be sent to London for the pur chase of gold, a charge of 63 days' interest attaches to these bills on their immediate investment. While, on the other hand, if gold be sent in place of Lills, the gold on its arrival is cash at once, while the bills would have 63 days to run. But besides the interest there is the cost of freight, insurance, and shipping charges, which apply to gold and not to bills; but these are about the same either way. It is, however, considered profitable to send gold here when the exchange is at 1102, being about 1 per cent. above par, while it is not profitable to import gold from here until the exchange falls to 1061, or about 3 per cent. below par. At the present rate of exchange, the profit will be about 11 per cent. in importing gold, but this includes any risk which attaches to the bills. The calculation of interest and charges in sending gold from this country to invest in bills in New York, or of purchasing bills in New York to transmit to this country for investment in gold is, as follows: 3 days. 'The par of exchange says. 1092 ..15 14 63 Procuring sovereigns, transmitting to Liverpool, and shipment.... 4 Passage out..... 14 Landing and sale of sovereigns.. 4 Interest for loss of time..... 102 1 2 Net cost of importing gold to New York.... . 1062 Of course the calculation will vary at different times, according to the rate of interest at the moment. ENGLISH COINS. Gold Coin. The standard gold coin of Great Britain is made of a metal consisting of 22 parts of pure gold and 2 parts of copper. The pound sterling is represented by a gold coin called a sovereign, and from a pound troy of standard gold are coined 46 29-40 sovereigns, so that the weight of each is 5 dwts. 3 171-623 grs., or 1 23.274 grs.; and the mint price of standard gold is therefore very nearly £3 178. 101d. per ounce. Silver Coin. The standard silver coin consists of 37 parts of pure silver and 3 parts of copper, and a pound troy of this metal furnishes 66 shillings, so that the weight of a shilling is 3 dwts . 15 3-11 grs, and the mint price of standard sil. ver is 5s. 6d. per ounce. The silver coinage is not a legal tender for more than 408., the gold coinage above mentioned being the only general standard of value. In the copper coinage, 24 pence are made from an avoirdupois pound of capper, so that a penny should weigh 10% drs. avoirdupois, or 291} grs. troy. but this is not a legal tender for more than 12d. A farthing is the lowest denomination in use, but it is customary to denote farthings by fractions of a penny, as in the table. A Farthing is written or marked.... de ld. 1 Shilling. £1. Money as expressed by means of these denominations is commonly ea!!...] sterling money, in order to distinguish it from stock, &c., which is merely nominal. Though all commercial transactions are conducted by means of the money enumerated in the preceding table, there are other coins or denominations frequently met with, and some of them more particularly in old documents, of which the following are the most important, and their values in current money are here annexed : £ A Groat or Fourpenny. 0 4 A Noble.. A Tester.. 0 6 An Angel.... A Half Crown. .0 6 A Mark. A Crown.. .0 0 A Carolus. A Seven Shilling Piece... 0 7 0 A Jacobus... A Half Sovereign.. 0 10 0 Moidore... A Half Guinea.. 0 10 6 A Six-and-Thirty. A Guinea... 10 d. 8 € 6 .0 10 .0 13 .1 3 .1 5 1 7 1 16 1 () 0 0 0 } CORRECT VALUE OF FOREIGN MONEY IN LONDON. GOLD. Value in English. d. French Napoleon d'or (20 francs)... about 15 9 15 10 Do. old Louis d'or (24 livres)... 18 6 Belgian Leopold d'or (25 francs). 19 6 Dutch William d'or (10 guilders; no longer legal coin) 16 0 16 4 Do. Ducats Austrian do. 90 9 3 German do. Do. George and Christian d'or, 5 Thaler. 16 0 16 3 Do. 10 Thaler... 32 0 32 6 Prussian Frederick d'or or Pistole. 16 S Do. do. do. (double). 32 6 Russian Imperials... 16 0 16 3 Spanish Doubloon... 64 0 65 0 Do. Pistole.. 15 9 16 0 Mexican, Peru, Chili, and other South American Doubloon.... 63 64 Do. Sun Doubloons. 58 0 62 United States Eagles.. ,10 dollars. 40 6 40 8 Do. do. (halves) 5 do. 20 3 20 4 Do. do. (quarters) 2. do. 10 11 10 2 Do. Gold Dimes......1 do. 4 0 Portuguese Gold Coins according to weight. East India Co. Mohurs......or 15 Rupees. 29 0 Do. do. (thirds) 5 do. 9 8 Do. do. (quarters) 31 do. 7 3 Do. Sicca Mohur 19 Sun.... Do. Pagolas... |
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