Louisiana. Settled in 1699, by French; purchased of France in 180% admitted into the Union in 1812. Voters to reside two years in the State and one year in the parish where he offers his vote; capital, BATON ROUGE Area, 41,346 square miles. Population in 1840, 352,411; in 1850, 517,762.

of whom 244 S09 were slaves.

Tennessee.-Settled in 1765, by emigrants from North Carolina and Vir ginia; admitted into the Union in 1796. Voters, citizens of the United States, and six months resident in the county where voting; capital, NASHVILLE. Area. 44,000 square miles. Population in 1840, 829,210; in 1850, 1,002,717, of whom 239,459 were slaves.

Kentucky. Settled in 1775, by Virginians; admitted into the Union in 1792. Voters, two years resident in the State, and in the county where offering to vote, one year preceding the election; capital, FRANKFORT. Area, 37,680 square miles. Population in 1840, 779,828; in 1850, 982,405, of whom 210,981 were slaves.

Ohio.-Settled in 1788, by emigrants from Virginia and New England; admitted into the Union in 1802. Voters, one year resident in the State preceding the election, having paid or been charged with State or county tx; capital, COLUMBUS. Area, 39,964 square miles. Population in 1840, 1,519,467; in 1850, 1,980,329.

Indiana. Settled in 1730, by French; admitted into the Union in 1816. Voters, one year resident in the State preceding the election, entitled to vote in county of residence; capital, INDIANAPOLIS. Area, 33,809 square miles. Population in 1840, 685,866; in 1850, 9S8,416.

Illinois. Settled in 1749, by French; admitted into the Union in 1818. Voters, all white male inhabitants resident in the State six months, but can only vote in the county where actually residing; capital, SPRINGFIELD. Area, 55,409 square miles. Population in 1840, 476,183; in 1850, 851,470; in 1855, 1,292,917.

Missouri.-Settled in 1763, by French; admitted into the Union in 1821. Voters, citizens of the United States, one year resident in the State next preceding the election, and three months in the county; capital, JEFFERSON CITY. Area, 65,037 square miles. Population in 1840, 383,702; in 1850, 682,044, of whom 87,422 were slaves.

Arkansas.-Settled by French emigrants from Louisiana; admitted into the Union in 1836. Voters, citizens of the United States and resident in the State for six months, are entitled to vote in the county or district where they reside; capital, LITTLE ROCK. Area, 52,198 square miles. Population in 1840, 97,574; in 1850, 209,897, of whom 47,100 were slaves.

Michigan.-Settled in 1670, by French; admitted into the Union in 1837. Voters, all white male citizens 21 years of age, and resident in the State six months preceding election; capital, LANSING. Area, 56,243 square miles. Population in 1840, 212,267; in 1850, 397,654.

Texas.-Early settled by Spaniards, and more recently by emigrants from the United States; formed a part of the Republic of Mexico until 1836, when it declared its independence, and existed as a separate government until 1845, when it was admitted into the Union by Joint Resolutions for annexing Texas with the United States." Every free white male, 21 years old, a citizen of the United States or Texas, who has resided in the State one year, and six months in the district where he offers to vote, shall have the right of suffrage; capital, AUSTIN. Area, 325,520 square miles. Population in 1850, 212,592, of whom 58,161 were slaves. According to the late act of Congress, "the boundary of Texas on the north shall commence at the point at which the meridian of 100° west from Greenwich is

intersected by the parallel of 36° 30′ N., and shall run from said point due west to the meridian of 103° west from Greenwich, thence her boundary shall run due south to the 32° North latitude; thence, on the said parallel of 32° N., to the Rio Bravo del Norte, and thence with the channel of said river to the Gulf of Mexico."

Iowa.-Settled by emigrants chiefly from the Northern and Eastern States; was created into a territorial government by act of Congress in June, 1838, and admitted into the Union in December, 1846. Every white male citizen of the United States 21 years old, having resided in the State six months, and in the county where he claims to vote twenty days, shall have the right of suffrage; capital, DES MOINES. Area, 50,914 square miles. Population in 1840, 43,112; in 1850, 192,214.

Wisconsin.- First settled by emigrants chiefly from the Northern and Eastern States, since largely augmented by emigrants from Europe; it was created into a territorial government in 1836, and admitted into the Union in 1848. All males 21 years old, residents of the State for one year next before the election, who are white citizens of the United States, or white foreigners who have declared their intention to become citizens, or persons of Indian blood once declared by the laws of the United States to be citizens, subsequent laws to the contrary notwithstanding, may vote; capital, MADISON. Area, 53,924 square miles. Pop. in 1840, 30.045; in 1850, 305,391. California.-Settled by Spaniards in 1769; the early establishments being of a missionary and military character. The boundary of this large region of country was considered rather indefinite while under Mexican authority, in regard to its eastern limits. By treaty of peace with Mexico, ratified March 16, 1848, this Territory, together with New Mexico, was ceded to the United States. Admitted into the Union, September, 1850. Its area is 188,982 square miles, lying between the 32° and 42° of North latitude.* Every white male citizen of the United States, and every white male citizen of Mexico, who shall have elected to become a citizen of the United States, under the treaty of peace exchanged and ratified at Queretaro on the 30th of May, 1848, of the age of 21 years, who shall have been a resident of the State six months next preceding the election, and the county or district in which he claims his vote thirty days, shall be entitled to vote at all elections which are now, or hereafter may be, authorized by law. Capital, SACRAMENTO. The population in 1848 was estimated at 33,000, which has since rapidly increased by emigration from the United States and other parts of the world Population in 1852, from official returns, 262,435.

New Mexico. This Territory, as defined by Spanish or American authorities, extended from 32° 30′ to 42° North latitude, and from 23° to about 33° longitude west of the city of Washington. It was carly settled by Spaniards, and formed a Territory of the Republic of Mexico until 1848, when it was ceded to the United States. Capital, SANTA FE. Area, 210,000 square miles. Population in 1850, 61,547. In September, 1850, this Territory was defined by act of Congress, and provision made for its organization. Right of Suffrage.-Every free white male inhabitant, above the age of 21 years, who shall have been a resident of said Territory at the time of the passage of this act, shall be entitled to vote at the first election. and shall be eligible to any office within the said Territory; but the qualifications of voters, and of holding office, at all subsequent elections, shall be such as shall be prescribed by the Legislative Assembly.

Utah.-This Territory, organized by act of Congress, September 9, 1850,

* Gold was first discovered on the American River, a tributary of the Sacramento, in the year A.D. 848.

is bounded as follows, with the following proviso: "Be it enacted, etc, That all that part of the territory of the United States included within the following limits, to wit: bounded on the west by the State of California, on the north by the Territory of Oregon, and on the east by the summit of the Rocky Mountains, and on the south by the 37th parallel of North latitude, be, and the same is hereby, created into a temporary government, by the name of the Territory of Utah; and when admitted as a State, the said Territory, or any portion of the same, shall be received into the Union, with or without slavery, as their constitution may prescribe at the time of their admission: Provided, That nothing in this act contained shall be construed to inhibit the government of the United States from dividing said Territory into two or more Territories, in such manner and at such times as Congress shall deem convenient and proper, or from attaching any portion of said Territory to any other State or Territory of the United States." The other provisions of this act are identical in all respects with those of the act admitting New Mexico, except that this act takes effect from its passage. Capital, GREAT SALT LAKE CITY,* situated in north latitude 40° 45' 44"; west longitude from Greenwich, 111° 26' 34"; altitude, 4,300 feet above the level of the sea, being in the valley of the Great Salt Lake, usually called the "Great Basin of North America." Estimated area, 188,000 square miles. Population in 1850, 11,380. Estimated population in 1857, 70,000 souls, being mostly Mormons, or "Latter-day Saints."

Oregon. This extensive region, including Washington Territory, was discovered by Capt. Robert Gray, May 7, 1792, who entered the Columbia River, to which he gave the name of his vessel. Settled by British belonging to the Hudson Bay Company, and American emigrants; also, inhabited by numerous tribes of Indians; organized as a Territory, August 4, 1848. It is now applying, through its Legislature, for admission into the Union. Capital, SALEM. Area, 227,000 square miles. Population in 1850, 13,293. Estimated population in 1857, 43,000.

Minnesota-for which a territorial government was formed by act of Congress, passed March 3, 1849; settled by emigrants from the Northern and Western States; is bounded on the north by the British Possessions, east by Wisconsin, south by lowa, and west by the new Territory of Dakota. It is now applying, through its Legislature. for admission into the Union. The qualification of voters is similar to Pennsylvania, excluding Indians and colored persons. Capital, Sr. PAUL. Area, 70.000 square miles. Population of whites in 1850, 6,077, and about 25,000 Indians. Estimated population in 1857, 160,000.

Kanzas.-Organized as a Territory by act of Congress, passed May, 1854; settled by emigrants from the Northern and Southern States; lies between 37° and 40° North latitude, being bounded on the east by the State of Missouri, and on the west by the Rocky Mountains, dividing it from Utah. The right of suffrage, according to the above act, was as follows: Every free white male inhabitant above the age of 21 years, who shall be an actual resident of said Territory, and shall possess the qualifications hereinafter prescribed, shall be entitled to vote at the first election, and

*This interesting city is situated about 22 miles southeast of the lake from which it takes its name, and about two miles due east of the River Jordan, or Utah, near the base of a mountain. "The city is regularly laid out, on a rather extensive scale; the treets cross each other at right angles, and all of them are eight rods wide. The greater art of the houses which have been built thus far are regarded as temporary, and most of them are small, but comfortable, being, in general, constructed of adobes,' or sunfried brick. Among the public buildings is a house for public worship, a council-house, nd a bath-house at the warm spring; and it is in contemplation to erect another temple, rger and more magnificent than that which was formerly built at Nauvoo."

shall be eligible to any office within the said Territory; but the qualifications of voting and holding office at all subsequent elections shall be such as shall be prescribed by the Legislative Assembly; Provided, that the right of suffrage and of holding office shall be exercised only by citizens of the United States, natives or naturalized; but no soldier or seaman in the service of the General Government. Area, 136,000 square miles. Capital, LECOMPTON. Population in 1857, about 50,000; having 10,000 voters. Sebraska Territory.-Organized by act of Congress, passed May, 1854; settled by emigrants from the Northern and Western States; lies between 40° and 49° North latitude, being bounded on the east by the Missouri River, and on the west by the Rocky Mountains, dividing it from Oregon and Washington Territories. Right of suffrage the same as Kanzas. Area, 342,000 square miles. Capital, OMAHA CITY. Estimated pop., 30,000. This immense Territory is sparsely populated by roving tribes of Indians, who hunt the buffalo and other wild game.

Washington Territory.-Organized by act of Congress, March 2, 1853; settled by emigrants from the Northern and Western States; was taken from the northern part of Oregon, "being all that portion of Territory lying and being south of the 49th degree of North latitude, and north of the middle of the main channel of the Columbia River, from its mouth to where the 46th degree of North latitude crosses said river, near Fort Wallah Wallah, thence with said 46th degree of latitude to the summit of the Rocky Mountains."* Capital, OLYMPIA. Area, 113,000 square miles. Estimated white population, 1857, 10,000, with a large number of Indians. Indian Territory-situated west of the States of Arkansas and Missouri, and south of the 37th degree of North latitude. is bounded on the south and west by Texas. It is estimated to contain 200,000 square miles, being inhabited by tribes of civilized Indians. Population unknown.

PROPOSED TERRITORIES.

The Territory of Arizona, acquired by treaty with Mexico in 1854, commonly known as the "Gadsden Treaty;" first settled by Mexicans; lies between the 31st and 33d parallels of North latitude, and is estimated to contain 39,000 square miles; having been purchased at a cost of $10,000.000. It is at present annexed to New Mexico, but a separate territorial organization is proposed, with the following enlarged boundary, excending north to the 34th parallel of latitude, taking in a part of New Mexico, as now defined, and running from the 103d meridian, west to the Colorado River, dividing it from California. Estimated area, 90,000 sq. miles. Pop., 10,000. The ferritory of Dakota, lying west of Minnesota, first settled on the north by emigrants in the employ of the Hudson Bay Company; comprises a large extent of country, cut off from Minnesota lying on the east. It is bounded on the north by the British Possessions, and on the south by the State of Iowa, having for its western boundary, in a great part, the Missouri River. The Red River country, on the north of this Territory, possesses a fine climate and good soil. It was supposed to contain, in 1857, 4.000 white inhabitants; also, a large population of Indians, who subsist mainly by hunting and fishing.

A new Territory is contemplated being formed from the west half of Utah; while the dictates of humanity call for a new Indian Territory, embracing the northern portion of Nebraska, where the red man should be allowed to live in quiet and security.

The climate of Washington Territory is much milder than the same parallels of latitude east of the Rocky Mountains, while the soil is mostly rich and very fertile. Gold and other minerals are also found in the Territory.

OFFICIAL CENSUS OF THE UNITED STATES.-1850.

POPULATION, SQUARE MILES, ETC., OF THE UNITED STATES.

Total United States.. 19,553,068 434,495 3,204,313 23,191,876 3,182,270

NOTE.-Estimated number of Indians within the United States, 400,000.

*Indians enumerated, 31,266. Foreign residents, 54,803.
+ Applying for admission into the Union.