corps of special assistants were detailed to make these special investigations:

Surg. H. S. CUMMING, in charge.

Passed Asst Surg. H. E. HASSELTINE.
Asst. Surg. FRANCIS A. CARMELIA.

Asst. Surg. C. E. WALLER.

Sanitary Chemist W. F. WELLS.
Sanitary Engineer C. N. HARRUB.
Sanitary Bacteriologist SOL. PINCUS.
Sanitary Bacteriologist M. V. VELDEE.
SEWAGE DISPOSAL.

Sanitary Engineer L. C. FRANK.
Sanitary Bacteriologist C. P. RHYNUS.
Sanitary Bacteriologist H. L. SHOUB.

INDUSTRIAL WASTES.

Sanitary Chemist H. B. HOMMON.
Sanitary Engineer H. H. WAGENHALS.
Sanitary Bacteriologist W. E. BROWN.
Sanitary Bacteriologist J. W. McBurney,
Sanitary Bacteriologist E. J. THERIAULT.
Sanitary Bacteriologist W. v. D. TIEDMAN.
PUBLIC HEALTH ORGANIZATION

AND ADMINISTRATION.
Surg. G. B. YOUNG, Minneapolis, Minn.
Surg. CARROLL FOX, Youngstown, Ohio.

SCHOOL HYGIENE.

[Headquarters, Hygienic Laboratory, Wash

ington, D. C.]

Surg. T. CLARK, in charge.

Asst. Surg. G. A. KEMPF.

INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE.

[Headquarters, Marine Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa.]

Surg. J. W. SCHERESCHEWSKY, in charge.
Passed Asst. Surg. ROBERT OLESON, Room
312, Government Building, Milwaukee,
Wis.

Passed Asst. Surg. J. A. WATKINS.
Asst. Physicist DAVIS H. TUCK.
Sanitary Chemist C. WEISMAN.

MINE SANITATION.

Passed Asst. Surg. A. J. LANZA, Post Office
Building, Butte, Mont.

INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE WITH
REFERENCE то HEALTH IN-
SURANCE.

Surg. B. S. WARREN.

COOPERATION WITH BUREAU OF
CHEMISTRY IN ENFORCING
PURE FOOD AND DRUGS ACT.
Surg. M. W. GLOVER.

COOPERATION WITH OFFICE OF
PUBLIC ROADS AND RURAL

ENGINEERING.

Passed Asst. Surg. W. F. DRAPER.

Plague-eradicative measures.-The following officers were detailed for duty in plague-eradicative measures in the State of Louisiana, California, and Washington:

Public-health laboratories were established at different stations of the service for the prevention of the interstate spread of disease, and the carrying out of sanitary measures, as follows:

Prevention of introduction typhus fever from Mexico.-The following officers were detailed for duty in the prevention of the introduction of typhus fever from Mexico:

Surg. B. J. LLOYD, in charge, El Paso, Tex.
Asst. Surg. E. W. SCOTT, Laredo, Tex.
Acting Asst. Surg. J. W. TAPPAN, El Paso,
Tex.

Acting Asst. Surg. H. B. Ross, Del Rio,
Tex.

Acting Asst. Surg. LEA HUME, Eagle Pass,
Tex.

Acting Asst. Surg. H. J. HAMILTON, La-
redo, Tex.

Acting Asst. Surg. J. H. HUNTER, Rio
Grande City, Tex.

Acting Asst. Surg. W. P. WOODALL, Hidalgo,
Tex.

Acting Asst. Surg. G. D. FAIRBANKS,

Brownsville, Tex.

Acting Asst. Surg. A. L. GUSTETTER, No-
gales, Ariz.

Acting Asst. Surg. B. C. TARBELL, Naco,
Ariz.

Acting Asst. Surg. E. W. ADAMSON, Doug-
las, Ariz.

Personnel, Hygienic Laboratory.-At the close of the fiscal year there were on duty in the Hygienic Laboratory, in addition to the director and assistant director, 3 chiefs of division, 8 surgeons, 2 passed assistant surgeons, 1 assistant surgeon, 2 pharmacists, 1 artist, 6 technical assistants, 3 sanitary bacteriologists, 1 organic chemist, 1 sanitary chemist, 1 sanitary engineer, and 34 attendants.

Quarantine inspector.-One quarantine inspector served throughout the entire year.

Acting assistant surgeons.-The services of 8 acting assistant surgeons have been discontinued during the fiscal year, 4 have died, and 21 have been appointed, leaving on duty at the end of the fiscal year 250 such officers. In addition to this number, 63 physicians have been employed locally for the medical relief of superintendents, keepers, and surfmen of the United States Coast Guard, and 5 acting assistant surgeons have been continued for the physical examination of these employees.

Medical inspectors.-One female inspector served during the entire year for the inspection of women passengers at Honolulu, Hawaii.

Internes. At the beginning of the fiscal year, there were 21 interns on duty at the various marine hospital stations, 28 were appointed, and 30 were separated from the service by reason of resignation, leaving 19 on duty at the close of the fiscal year.

Pharmacists. At the beginning of the fiscal year there were on duty 50 pharmacists, divided as follows: Pharmacists of the first class, 27; second class, 15; third class, 8. One pharmacist of the third class was appointed and 1 resigned. One pharmacist of the second class and 2 of the third class were promoted, leaving at the close of the fiscal year 50 pharmacists on duty, as follows: Pharmacists of the first class, 28; second class, 16; third class, 6.

Pilots and marine engineers.-At the beginning of the fiscal year there were on duty 17 pilots and 20 engineers; 3 pilots resigned and 2 were appointed; 4 marine engineers resigned and 1 was appointed. The number on duty at the close of the fiscal year was as follows: Pilots, 16; marine engineers, 17.

Hospital and quarantine attendants. At the beginning of the fiscal year 1,418 attendants were employed at the various marine hospitals, quarantine stations, and on epidemic duty, including 65 such employees on duty in the Philippine Islands, and at the close of the fiscal year there were so employed, as follows:

Forty-five boards were convened at different times and at various stations through the United States for the physical examination of officers of the Coast Guard and applicants for entrance therein, 9 for the physical examination of detained aliens, 12 for the examination. of commissioned officers to determine their fitness for promotion to the next higher grades of the service, 15 for examination of applicants for appointment as assistant surgeons, and 6 for the examination of pharmacists to determine their fitness for promotion to a higher grade.

The bureau sanitary board has been convened in 20 sessions to pass upon reports of inspections of establishments engaged in the manufacture of vaccines, serums, toxins, etc., prior to recommending a license, and to pass upon advertised remedies and appliances to determine if said advertisements should be excluded from the mails. Two boards were convened under paragraph 56 of the service regulations for the physical examination of an officer of the service.

MISCELLANEOUS DIVISION.

PUBLICATIONS.

The fiscal year 1916 witnessed material increases in the distribution of service literature. The demand for publications of the service exceeded that for any previous year. This growing interest in publichealth literature, a corollary of the extension of service activities, serves to emphasize the fact that the work of the service is becoming better known to health officers, local organizations, and private citizens throughout the country. The editions during the past year were somewhat larger than in years previous, making possible the compliance with more requests for literature. It is nevertheless to be regretted that in many instances it was necessary to refer correspondents to the Public Printer for sales copies, because the bureau's editions are still too small to adequately meet all requests. The extent to which the bureau was compelled to adopt this course is shown by the fact that the Public Printer sold during the fiscal year approximately 35,000 copies of documents of this service, at a total cost of over $1,000.

During the fiscal year just ended 132 publications, dealing with many phases of public health and sanitation, were issued in editions aggregating 2,241,225 copies. This number shows an increase over the fiscal year 1915 of approximately 512,725 copies. The cost of printing publications for the year totaled $67,503.60.

The publications of the service are divided into two general classes. The first class includes those of a technical nature and are usually issued as Hygienic Laboratory bulletins. These bulletins are not of general interest to the public because of their highly technical nature, and are therefore distributed almost exclusively to libraries, scientists, physicians, and others whose special duties require the assistance of literature of this nature. This class of publications is limited by law with regard to the size of each edition and the number of separate bulletins which can be issued during the course of a year.

In the second class of service publications are comprised the remaining publications of the service, which are of a more popular type and designed for the public at large and for the information and guidance of health officers charged with the duty of preserving the health of their respective communities. It is with reference to this second series of documents especially that the bureau feels the lack of sufficient editions to meet the increasing demands.

The general character of the publications issued during the year just ended will be seen more in detail from the following list, arranged by series.