17.0; deaths under five years, 81; from typhoid fever, 5; malarial diseases, 8; erysipelas, 1; whooping cough, 2; croup and diphtheria, 9; diarrhoeal diseases, 24; acute respiratory diseases, 19; consumption, 20; cancer, 14.

Borough of Richmond, 68,933: Total deaths, 103; death rate, 17.5: deaths under five years, 28; from typhoid fever, 2; croup and diphtheria, 5; diarrhoeal diseases, 8; acute respiratory diseases, 10; consumption, 13; cancer, 1.

Of small-por in the whole city there were for the four weeks ending October 10th, 27 cases, with 9 deaths; for the four weeks ending December 7th, 4 cases, with 8 deaths.

Albany, 94,151 Total deaths, 126; death rate, 15.7; deaths under five years, 15; from erysipelas, I; croup and diphtheria, 6; acute respiratory diseases, 12; consumption, 22; cancer, 8.

Syracuse, 108.374: Total deaths, III; death rate, 12.1; deaths under five years, 29; from typhoid fever, I; croup and diphtheria, 2: diarrheal diseases, 5; acute respiratory diseases, 9; consumption. 15; cancer, 2.

Buffalo, 352,387: Total deaths, 431; death rate, 14.5; deaths under five years, 110; from cerebro-spinal meningitis, I; typhoid fever, II; whooping cough, I; croup and diphtheria, 17; diarrhoeal diseases, 41; acute respiratory diseases, 43; consumption, 43; cancer. 18.

Rochester, 162,608: Total deaths, 185; death rate, 13.4; deaths under five years, 30; from typhoid fever, 4; croup and diphtheria, 3: diarrhoeal diseases, 5; acute respiratory diseases, 19; consump tion, 26; cancer, 12.

Small-por continues prevalent in the State. There were estimated to be not less than sixty cases in existence outside of New York City, December 1st, most of them in Buffalo, Rochester and Syracuse, and several points in the vicinity of Syracuse.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON VACCINATION OF THE NEW YORK COUNTY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION.-Dr. Frederic W. Loughran, chairman of this committee, presented the report at the recent meeting. It declared that the State of New York was almost the only State in which vaccination could not be enforced during an epidemic of small-pox. The following were the principal recommendations of the committee: All boards of health of cities and towns should furnish the means for vaccination and revaccination, and the State Board of Health should have authority to enforce vaccination during the prevalence of an epidemic of small

fox. No child should be admitted to any school who has not been vaccinated within a period of five years. Inmates of State asylums should be vaccinated on entrance, and members of the National Guard should be required to be vaccinated. All corporations or firms employing more than ten persons should be compelled to employ only persons who had been successfully vaccinated, or who presented a certificate from a reputable physician stating that they had been twice vaccinated, and that vaccinal insusceptibility exists. The penalty for violation of such laws regarding vaccination should be a fine of from $50 to $100, or an equivalent term of imprisonment, this penalty not to stand in lieu of vaccination.

CALIFORNIA. San Francisco, 360,000. Report for October: Total deaths, 566; death rate, 18.86; deaths from cerebro-spinal meningitis, 3; typhoid fever, 15; small-pox, I; bubonic plague, 3; whooping cough, 4; croup and diphtheria, 10; diarrhoeal diseases, 26; acute respiratory diseases, 54; consumption, 68; cancer, 30.

Los Angeles, 102,479. Report for October: Total deaths, 149; death rate, 14.53; deaths under five years, 15; from cerebro-spinal meningitis, 3; typhoid fever, 3; whooping cough, 1; diarrhoeal diseases, 4; acute respiratory diseases, 1; consumption, 25; cancer, 13.

COLORADO.-The Rocky Mountain Industrial Sanatorium, organized in Denver last spring, is now in operation. On a ten-acre tract, five miles from Denver, fifteen or twenty patients in an early stage of consumption are, under the plans of the promoters, virtually taking care of themselves. The rules of the institution compel a continuous outdoor life, to be maintained summer and winter. Each patient is provided with a roomy tent, plenty of warm clothing and blankets, and a small stove to be used only in extremely cold weather. Experience has proved that with proper food and clothing, and a life in the open air and sunshine, artificial heat is unnecessary, and becomes absolutely unbearable to the patients, who, without exception, are gaining rapidly. The co-operative idea has already been put into force, for many of the patients are supporting themselves wholly or in part by doing the work on the premises.

Nordach Ranch is located at Austin Bluffs, about two miles outside the city limits of Colorado Springs. Standing at the foot of high bluffs it is sheltered on all sides from cold winds, and as it faces the south, it has the benefit of plenty of sunshine. The house

itself is of red sandstone, substantially built, and designed in an attractive manner. There are the necessary sun parlors, dining room, billiard room and bedrooms, all furnished in the most approved style.

The grounds are large and provide tennis court and golf links. Following out the plan of affording the patient plenty of pure air, it is intended to have a large number of the guests live in open air. With this end in view tents have been erected. Each one is designed so that a current of pure air is kept in circulation night and day. They are tastefully furnished with rugs, stove, iron bedsteads and all things necessary to comfort. In the centre of the tents is one for the nurses, from which there is connection to all the other tents by electric bells. In addition to this each tent has the same connection to the house. This places the patient in a position where he can summon the nurse or medical aid any hour of the day or night. There is also a tent fitted as a sitting room, which guests can occupy and pass their time in reading or other

recreations.

These arrangements certainly secure for the patient the maximum of pure air and plenty of home comfort. Medicine has a minor place in the method of treating lung trouble, but good food well prepared will be an aid largely depended upon.

CONNECTICUT.-The State Board of Health Bulletin reports for October: Total deaths in 168 towns with an aggregate population of 908,355, 1,062; death rates, for the large towns, 14.1; for the small towns. 13.7; for the State, 14.0; deaths under five years, 294; from typhoid fever, 38; malarial diseases, II; scarlet fever, I; influenza, 8; measles, 1; whooping cough, 9; croup and diphtheria, 36; diarrhoeal diseases, 66; acute respiratory diseases, 94; consumption, 91.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, 278,880. Report for five weeks ending November 30: Total deaths, 499; death rate, 18.61; deaths under five years. 127; from typhoid fever, 25; malarial diseases, 4; croup and diphtheria, 16; diarrhoeal diseases, 18; acute respiratory diseases, 68; consumption, 70; cancer, 21. For the year 1900, total number of deaths among the white population was 3,430, a death rate of 17.82 per cent. Among the colored people the number of deaths was 2,657, a death rate of 30.73 per cent. The total number of deaths was 6,087, a mean death rate of 21.83 per cent.

FLORIDA. State Health Officer Porter. reports for the year 1900: 9,610 births, 6,493 marriages, and 5.949 deaths. The population of the State, according to the recent census, is 528,442, which gives a birth rate of 17.99 and a death rate of 11.24 per 1,000. The death rate the previous year (1899) was 11.67, while the birth rate was 15.50; hence the figures for 1900 are encouraging as showing an advance in the birth rate and a slight decrease in the number of deaths. As far as can be ascertained, these figures compare most favorably with the showing made by other States. The six principal causes of death were: Consumption, 493; malarial fever, 330; pneumonia, 316; nephritis, 143; influenza, 133; and paralysis, III. Of the 5,949 decedents, 176 were from "old age," being beyond eighty years; 143 from "gunshot wounds," and 203 from other violent causes of death, such as drowning, burns, lightning, etc. While, without an exception since the board has gathered statistics, consumption. has headed the list as occasioning the largest number of deaths, it is gratifying to note that but 493 are reported in 1900 as against 490 the year before, and 392 in 1898.

ILLINOIS.-Chicago, 1,756,025. Bureau and Division, Department of Health, report for September: Total number of deaths, 2,070; annual death rate, 13.95. With regard to small-pox, reference is made to the group of States of which Illinois is the centre and with which Chicago is in most immediate and constant communication, in which there had been during the first.thirty-six weeks of this year a total of 15.373 cases of small-pox reported, as against a total of only 5,620 cases reported during the corresponding period of 1900. This is an increase of 273 per cent. in the Northwestern States, as against an increase of less than 75 per cent. in the rest of the country. In the State at large, outside of Chicago, there have been fewer cases (229) this year than last (250); but in the city itself there have been 248 cases this year, as against only 51 last year.

This great increase-nearly five times more than last year-is due, of course, to the repeated importations from the surrounding infected territory, and while no new case has been discovered since August 12, and the city has been free from the disease since August 28-date of discharge of last case from the Isolation Hospital-it is not to be expected that further importations can be prevented during the fall and winter.

Of the deaths for the month there were: From typhoid fever,

74: diphtheria, 34: whooping cough, 21; scarlet fever, 8; other zymotic diseases, 7; consumption, 171; other tubercular diseases, 36; pneumonia, 151; other diseases of the respiratory organs, 17; cancer, 96.

INDIANA. The Secretary of the State Board reports for November: Deaths, 2,402; annual death rate, 11.6. Deaths under 1 year of age, 325; 1 to 5, 157; from 65 and over, 637. Deaths: Consumption, 293; typhoid fever, 156; diphtheria, 43; scarlet fever, 6; pneumonia, 206; cerebro-spinal meningitis, 13; influenza, 10; cancer, 88; diarrhoeal diseases, 56; puerperal fever, 15; violence, 106; small-pox, 2.

All cities, representing a population of 847,302, report 956 deaths, an annual rate of 13.7; last year, for the same month, 1,037, a rate of 14.4. The country deaths, 1,446; 10.5. The death rates. from certain causes per 100,000 in cities and country were, respectively: Consumption, city rate, 178.5; country rate, 123.5; typhoid fever, 90.7 and 67.9; diphtheria, 25.9 and 18.2; pneumonia, 118 and 90.6; influenza, 1 and 6.5; cancer, 41 and 65; violence, 59 and 47.5. Small-por was reported in 16 places, with an aggregate of 193 cases and 2 deaths.

Iowa.-Davenport, 40,000. Report for October: Total deaths, 27; death rate, 9.19; deaths under five years, 6; from typhoid fever, I; whooping cough, I; diarrhoeal diseases, 2; consumption,

4; cancer, 2.

KANSAS. The Secretary of the State Board reports the existence of small-por during the month of November in 18 localities, with an aggregate of 137 cases and 2 deaths.

KENTUCKY.-Small-por is reported in all but nine of the 119 counties in the State, those nine being remote from the main lines of travel. Practically the entire body of physicians and health officials have had more or less experience with small-pox during the present epidemic, covering a period of nearly four years. A total of 394 distinct outbreaks are reported, 85 of these being fresh importations from other States. In all, 11,269 cases are reported, with 184 deaths, a mortality of 1.63 per cent. Special hospitals were erected in sixty-three counties and municipalities, but probably a majority of cases outside of the large cities and towns were isolated and treated in their homes. Reports are made of 392,