work laid out for him-it is not one or two days in the week, but the whole time, and the term is nine months each. Give a course of six months, and extend it to three years; it would thus be only the equivalent of our two-years' course. Would you then consider our two-years' course on the same basis with the three-years' course of six months required by the schools? Now, what you want is to regulate your course, the amount of work given by an institution, and then afterwards extend your time. I am willing, as one of our own department, to extend our course to three years of nine months. We do this if a student does not come up to our standard after being in the course from three to six months: we tell him he had better arrange his course for three years. In order to get this question into shape, and make a practical recommendation to colleges, we must come up to some standard where we can regulate the amount of work done in each institution during that time.

MR. REMINGTON: I do not believe that the passage of this resolution will do any harm, but that, on the other hand, it will do a great deal of good in the way of influencing the colleges of pharmacy to extend their courses and to give to the young men more time. It may be said that this is not practicable in every case. The colleges themselves will simply have to decide that, so long as they are governed by boards of trustees. These boards will do as they feel in which direction their needs are, and therefore the passage or a resolution of this kind will have no more effect than this, that in the opinion of the Section on Pharmaceutical Education and Legislation of the American Pharmaceu. tical Association, more time should be given in the various colleges of pharmacy, and that three courses should be adopted if practicable. If that is done, it will have the effect of throwing the influence of this Section in the direction of giving more time to the courses in the colleges of pharmacy. Little matters of detail will have to be left to the individual judgment of the separate boards.

The motion, as amended, was then read by the Secretary, and Mr. Fennel having accepted the amendment, it was put to a vote and unanimously adopted.

Nominations of officers for the ensuing year being next in order, Mr. Hallberg nominated Mr. Eccles for Chairman, and Mr. Whelpley nominated Mr. L. C. Hogan for Secretary.

On motion, the Secretary was instructed to cast the ballot of the Section for the nominees.

The election having taken place, Mr. Stevens, the retiring chairman, introduced Mr. Eccles.

DR. ECCLES: Gentlemen, I thank you, as members of the Association, for the honor you have conferred upon me, in making me chairman of the Section for what I consider will be one of the most important meetings that the Association has ever held. Chicago, during the centennial year, is bound to be visited by many strangers, and the difficulties I foresee that this Section will have to encounter are that every man will want to be absent from the meeting when he ought to be in it, and it will require a great deal of hard work to get quorums together during that time. Members will be coming in and out, and there will be many difficulties to overcome. However, I sincerely hope that all of us will contribute our share towards making the Chicago meeting a great success. I have no hesitation in saying that I shall do the very best in my power toward this end, so that our anticipations may be in no way disappointed when we hold our next great meeting in Chicago.

The Section then adjourned.

APPENDIX.

REPORT ON LEGISLATION,

BY L. C. HOGAN, SECRETARY OF THE SECTION ON PHARMACEUTICAL LEGISLATION AND EDUCATION.

Since the last meeting new laws have been enacted in Mississippi and Utah.

Laws and amendments enacted since 1889 and overlooked in report of last year, were passed in New Mexico, British Columbia, Ontario, Minnesota, Florida, Massachusetts, Maine, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Dakota. These will be incorporated in this report so as to bring legislative matters up to date. Efforts will be made to secure new laws this winter in Indiana and Vermont, and amendments making more or less radical changes will be attempted in several states. In the way of Federal legislation the Paddock pure food and drug bill has attracted considerable attention, and been both condemned and approved. We offer no criticism, but append the bill as it passed the Senate and is now pending in the House, so that members may study the same. A bill introduced in the House proposing to restore the stamp tax, we believe to be pure buncombe, and do not think will ever be seriously entertained.

Important Supreme Court decisions have been rendered in California, Iowa, and Michigan, upholding the Constitutionality of Pharmacy laws, also ruling that the conductor of the store must be a registered pharmacist and that a physician not a registered pharmacist can not supply other than his own patients with drugs, medicines and poisons. The full text of the decisions will be found at the end of this report. Following is the text of the new laws:

MISSISSIPPI.

Duty to Obtain License.-Every person who desires to practice pharmaceutics must obtain a license to do so as hereinafter provided.

Board of Examiners Created.-The Board of Pharmaceutical Examiners is hereby created to consist of five practicing pharmacists, who shall be appointed by the Governor, and whose term of office shall expire with that of the Governor appointing them.

Oath of Examiners.-Each person appointed as a member of the Board of Pharmaceutical Examiners shall qualify by taking the oath prescribed by the Constitution for ( 341 )

State officers, and shall file a certificate thereof in the office of the Secretary of State within fifteen days of his appointment.

Organization of Examiners.—After the members of the Board of Pharmaceutical Examiners have qualified, they shall meet at the capital of the State, in pursuance of a call to be made by the Governor, and organize by electing a president and secretary of the board from among themselves.

License Upon Examination.-Every person who desires to practice pharmaceutics must apply, in writing, to the Board of Pharmaceutical Examiners for a license to do so; and, unless exempted by the provisions of this chapter, must appear before the board and be examined by it touching his learning and skill in pharmaceutics, and if he be found to possess sufficient learning and skill therein, and to be of good moral character, the board shall immediately issue to him a license to practice pharmaceutics, which shall be signed by each member of the board who attends the examination and approves of the issuance of the license.

Examination, When, Where and How Conducted.-The Board of Pharmaceutical Examiners shall meet at the capital of the State on the first Tuesday in April and October of each year for the purpose of examining applicants for license, and shall remain in session until all applicants for such license have been examined and their examinations, have been approved or disapproved. All examinations, except as to character, shall be upon written questions and answers, and three members of the board are a quorum for business. Fee for Examination.—Applicants for license who are required to be examined touching their learning and skill in pharmaceutics must each pay a fee of $10 to the Board of Pharmaceutical Examiners as a condition precedent to the examination, which fee shall be distributed among the members of the board as their compensation, in such proportion as the board may allow.

License to Existing Practitioners.—Each person now engaged in the practice of pharmaceutics in this State is entitled to receive a license therefor, without being examined touching his learning or skill, if he shall apply therefor within six months after this law becomes operative, and shall pay 25 cents for its issuance. If such application be made within the time prescribed and the 25 cents be paid, the Secretary of the Board of Pharmaceutical Examiners shall issue to the applicant a license to practice pharmaceutics which shall be signed in the name of the board by him as secretary.

Temporary License.—Any member of the Board of Pharmaceutical Examiners may examine applicants, orally or in writing, and issue a temporary license to them to practice pharmaceutics, which shall authorize such practice and be valid until the next succeeding meeting of the board. But one temporary license shall ever be issued to the same applicant.

License Must be Recorded.—Every person who receives a license to practice pharmaceutics must file it for record in the office of the clerk of the circuit court of the county in which he resides, within 30 days after its issuance; and if he fail to do so he shall thereafter be liable for practicing pharmaceutics without license so long as the same shall remain unrecorded. When such license shall be filed the clerk shall record the same in the book in which the licenses of physicians are recorded upon the payment to him of the lawful fee, and when recorded the original shall be delivered on demand of the licensee. License in Lieu of One Lost.—If a license to practice pharmaceutics be issued and become lost or destroyed, the Board of Examiners may issue another in lieu of it, upon satisfactory proof of the loss or destruction.

Board of Examiners Must Keep a Record of Its Proceedings.-It is the duty of the Board of Examiners to cause the secretary to keep a complete record of its acts and proceedings, and to preserve all papers, documents and correspondence received by the board and relating to its duties and office.

Stationery, Blanks, &c.—Such stationery, blank books and forms as may be needed

by the Board of Pharmaceutical Examiners in the discharge of its duties shall be furnished to it by the Board of Public Contracts.

Members of Board may be Removed; Vacancies Filled.-The Governor may remove any, or all, of the members of the Board of Pharmaceutical Examiners, and appoint another, or others, in place of such as may be removed, and may fill by appointment any vacancy that may occur in the board.

MINNESOTA.

This law was amended in 1891 to an extent that it practically becomes a new law, and we give the full text as it now stands. The sections amended are so marked.

THE ACT TO REGULATE THE PRACTICE OF PHARMACY, THE LICENSING OF PERSONS TO CARRY ON SUCH PRACTICE, AND THE SALE OF POISONS IN THE STATE OF MINNESOTA (AS AMENDED IN 1891.)

Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Minnesota :

“SECTION 1. That except as in this act provided, it shall hereafter be unlawful for any person to retail, compound or dispense drugs, medicines or poisons, or to institute or conduct any pharmacy, store or shop for retailing, compounding or dispensing drugs, medicines or poisons, unless such person shall be a registered pharmacist, or shall employ, place and keep in active charge and control of said pharmacy, store or shop, a registered pharmacist, within the full meaning of this act." (As amended in 1891.)

SEC. 2. To be entitled to registration as a pharmacist within the full meaning of this act, the applicant must be a graduate in pharmacy, or a graduate in medicine, within the requirements of this act, or he must be not less than twenty-one (21) years of age, and have had four (4) years' practical experience in drug stores where prescriptions of medical practitioners have been usually compounded, and have sustained a satisfactory examination before the Board of Pharmacy of the State of Minnesota, or he must be at the time of the passage of this act a registered assistant.

Nothing in this section contained shall impair the validity of any registration heretofore granted by said board. But notwithstanding anything in this section herein before contained, any person who was on the 5th day of March, 1885, entitled to registration as a registered pharmacist, and who is at the time of the passage of this act engaged in the business of a dispensing pharmacist in the State of Minnesota, and who shall within thirty (30) days after the passage of this act file with the Secretary of said Board an application for registration, accompanied with his affidavit that he was on the 5th day of March aforesaid, as well as at the time of the passage of this act, so engaged, shall be granted a certificate of registration without examination. (As amended in 1891).

SEC. 3. A graduate in pharmacy or in medicine, must, in order to be so registered, have had four (4) years' practical experience in drug stores where prescriptions of medical practitioners have been usually compounded, and have a diploma from a college or school of pharmacy or medicine, satisfactory to said Board of Pharmacy, as sufficient guarantee of his attainments and proficiency, or he shall be legally entitled to practice medicine in the State of Minnesota. (As amended in 1891.)

SEC. 4. The said Board of Pharmacy may, at their discretion, grant registration and a certificate thereof to any pharmacist licensed or registered by the Board of Pharmacy of any other State, either after or without further examination. It shall be the duty of said Board to grant an assistant's certificate to any person not less than eighteen (18) years of age who shall have had two (2) years' practical experience in drug stores where prescriptions of medical practitioners have been usually compounded, and who shall have passed a satisfactory examination before said Board of Pharmacy of Minnesota; which

certificate shall entitle such person to act only as an assistant to a registered pharmacist personally conducting his own business as such, and shall not entitle such assistant to engage in business on his own account, or as manager, to conduct a drug store, or to transact a pharmacy business for another party. (As amended in 1891).

SEC. 5. Immediately upon the passage of this act, the Minnesota State Pharmaceutical Association shall elect fifteen (15) reputable and practicing pharmacists doing business in the State, from which number the Governor shall appoint five (5). The said five (5) pharmacists, duly elected and appointed, shall constitute the Board of Pharmacy of the State of Minnesota, and shall hold office as respectively designated in their appointments, for the term of one, two, three, four and five years respectively, as hereinafter provided, and until their successors have been duly elected and appointed. The Minnesota State Pharmaceutical Association shall annually thereafter elect five (5) pharmacists, from which number the Governor of the State shall appoint one to fill the vacancy annually occurring in said board. The term of office shall be five years. In case of resignation or removal from the State of any member of said Board, or of a vacancy occurring from any cause, the Governor shall fill the vacancy by appointing a pharmacist from the names last submitted to serve as a member of the Board for the remainder of the term.

SEC. 6. The said Board shall, within sixty (60) days after its appointment, meet and organize by the selection of a President and Secretary from the number of its own members, who shall be elected for the term of one year, and shall perform the duties prescribed by the Board. It shall be the duty of the Board to examine all applications for registration submitted in proper form; to grant certificates of registration to such persons as may be entitled to the same under the provisions of this act; to cause the prosecution of all persons violating its provisions; to report annually to the Governor and to the Minnesota State Pharmaceutical Association, upon the condition of pharmacy in the State, which said report shall also furnish a record of the proceedings of said Board for the year, as well as the names of all pharmacists duly registered under this act. The Board shall hold meetings for the examination of applicants for registration and transaction of such other business as shall pertain to its duties, at least once in three months, and the said Board shall give thirty (30) days' public notice of the time and place of such meeting. The said Board shall also have power to make by-laws for the proper execution of its duties under this act, and shall keep a book of registration, in which shall be entered the names and places of business of all persons registered under this act, which registration book shall also contain such facts as such persons claim to justify their registration. Three members of said Board shall constitute a quorum.

SEC. 7. Every person claiming the right of registration under this act, who shall, within three months after the passage of this act, forward to the Board of Pharmacy sat-· isfactory proof, supported by his affidavit, that he was engaged in the business of dispensing pharmacist on his own account in the State of Minnesota at the time of the passage of this act, as provided in Section 2, shall, upon the payment of the fee hereinafter mentioned, be granted a certificate of registration; provided, that in case of failure or neglect to register as herein specified, then such person shall, in order to be registered, comply with the requirements provided for registration as graduates in pharmacy or licentiates in pharmacy within the meaning of this act.

SEC. 8. Any person engaged in the position of assistant in a pharmacy at the time this act takes effect, not less than eighteen years of age, who shall have had at least three (3) years' practical experience in drug stores where the prescriptions of medical practitioners are compounded, and who shall furnish satisfactory evidence to that effect to the State Board of Pharmacy, shall, upon making application for registration and upon payment to the Secretary of said Board a fee of one dollar within ninety (90) days after this act takes effect, be entitled to a certificate as "registered assistant," which certificate shall