its weight increased by 252.458 grains. Of the grains thus determined, 7,000 are a pound Avoirdupois, and 5,760 a pound Troy. TROY WEIGHT. 13. The derivation of the word Troy is doubtful. One theory is that it comes from the town Troyes, in France, because the pound Troy is said to have been first used there. Another derivation is "Troynovant," the prehistoric name of London; a third derives it from trois (three), because it is the money weight, and that money and money weight have each three denominations -penny, shilling, pound; pennyweight, ounce, pound. Troy weight is used in weighing gold, silver, precious stones, etc., and also in scientific investigations. The fineness of gold-that is, the ratio of the weight of pure gold in any given mass to the weight of the whole-is generally estimated by the number of carats (about 3 grains) of pure gold contained in 24 carats of the given substance. Standard gold-that is, the gold of our coinage-is" 22 carats fine." This means that out of 24 carats of sovereign gold 22 are pure gold. Sometimes this is also expressed by saying that standard gold is fine, this being the ratio of the pure to the alloyed metal. Diamonds and other precious stones are weighed by carats. The following are the different denominations in Troy weight: 24 grains (24 grs.) make 1 pennyweight written 1 dwt. 17. MONEY.-COINAGE. MONEY OF ACCOUNTS. 4 farthings make 1 penny written ld. 12 pence 1 shilling 1 pound 20 shillings 1s. £1. A farthing is indicated either as a fractional part of a penny -thus, d.-or by the letter "q"-thus, 1q. The symbols £, s, d, q, are the initials of the Latin words Libra, solidus, denarius, quadrans. These are the subdivisions of money in which accounts are always kept. Besides these, however, we have several coins representing other subdivisions, which are used to facilitate traffic. From this they are called current coins. The following is a list of our AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHT.† Threepenny piece. Fourpenny piece. Sixpence. Gold 2-shilling piece, or Florin. 2-shilling piece, or Half-crown. 5-shilling piece, or Crown. Half-Sovereign. Sovereign (the pound piece, equivalent It has already been explained, under the head of Troy weight (Art. 13), that standard gold (that is, the gold of the coinage) is 1, or 22 carats fine. Out of a pound Troy are coined 4623 sovereigns, so that, by dividing this by 12, we find the price of standard gold per ounce to be £3 178. 10d., no charge being made at the Mint for coining gold. Standard silver is fine, and out of a pound Troy 66 shillings are coined; so that the Mint price of standard silver is 5s. 6d. an ounce. The market price of silver bullion is less than thisgenerally about 5s. 1d. an ounce. The advantage which the Mint thus gains is called seignorage. In the new bronze coinage 48 pence are coined out of a pound avoirdupois. The bronze consists of 95 parts copper, 4 tin, and 1 zinc. The standard of our coinage is gold. By this is meant that For measuring dry goods, such as grain, fruit, etc., we have, any amount of gold coin can be legally paid in liquidation of a further, the following denominations : right angles at the centre into 360 equal angles. Each of these subdivisions, therefore, is equal to the 90th part of a right angle. It is called a degree, and written thus-1°. A degree is divided into 60 minutes, one of which is written thus-1'; each minute into 60 seconds, one of which is written 1" (vide Art. 3, "Division of Time," page 366). The arcs of the circle which subtend at the centre an angle of 1°, 1', 1" respectively, are also called a degree, a minute, and a second respectively. To know their actual magnitude, we must know the size of the circle (see Note on page 367. LESSONS IN ENGLISH.-XIII. DERIVATIONS: PREFIXES (continued). Preter, of Latin origin (præter, against), is found in preternatural, contrary to nature. Pro, of Latin origin, fore, forward, as in produce (Latin, duco, I lead), to bring forward. Pro appears in proceed (Latin, cedo, I go), in procreate (Latin, creo, I beget), in proffer (Latin, fero, I bear), in prolepsis, an anticipation, etc. "We have evinced (proved) that the generality of mankind have constantly had a certain prolepsis or anticipation in their minds concerning the actual existence of a God.”—Cudworth, “Intellectual System." Pro becomes in French pour, which again becomes pur, as in purport (Latin, porto, I carry), signification. Purchase is given by Richardson as from a fancied French word, namely, pourchasser; and purchase, he says, means to chase, and so to obtain. Such derivations are enough to bring etymology into disgrace. Purchase is from a low Latin word, perchauchare (per-calcare); which meant to tread over, and to mark out, the limits of a piece of land, the necessary preliminary to the purchase of it. See Ducange on the word, who gives the noun purchacia (purchase), as something acquired. Purchacia is common in old legal documents, and is the origin of the obsolete French word pourchasser (perchauchare), which has nothing whatever to do with chasser, to chase or hunt. Pourchas, in old French, signifies labour, and suggests the derivation which involves labour as the price paid in the acquisition of land, etc. This idea of purchase, as founded on labour, is in unison with the meaning of purchase. Whence it signifies a point for a lever to act upon, or the power which hence ensues, as in these words : "A politician, to do great things, looks for a power, which our workmen call a purchase; and if he finds that power in politics as in mechanics, he cannot be at a loss to apply it."-Burke. Proto, of Greek origin (πрwтos, pro'-tos, first), occurs in protomartyr (martyr, a witness), the first witness or martyr: applied to Stephen, in Church history. "With Hampden, firm assertor of her laws, And protomartyr in the glorious cause."-Boyse. Also in prototype. We have already had antitype and archetype: here we have prototype, which means the first or original form or model. Pseudo, of Greek origin (veudos, su'-dos, a falsehood), signifies what is not genuine, false; as, pseudo-prophet, a false prophet. "Out of a more tenacious cling to worldly respects, he stands up for all the rest to justify a long usurpation and convicted pseudepiscopacy (Greek, Iσкomos, a bishop) of prelates."-Milton. Pusill, of Latin origin, comes from pusillus (little) or pupillus (E.R. pupil), the diminutive form of pusus or pupus, a boy (pupa, a girl), which is the source of our word puppet, in the French oupée, a baby, a doll. Pusill is found in union with animus, mind, forming pusillanimous, small in mind, applied particularly to a want of spirit or courage. Putri, of Latin origin (putris, rotten, E.R. putrid), enters into the composition of a class of words, namely, putrefy (Latin, facio, I make), putrefaction, putrescent, putrescence, etc. "It is such light as putrefaction breeds In fly-blown flesh, whereon the maggot feeds, The stench remains, the lustre dies away."-Cowper. Quadr, quadra, of Latin origin (quatuor, four), is found in quadrangle, four-angled; quadruped (Latin, pes, a foot), fourfooted; quadruple (Latin, plica, a fold), fourfold; also quater, as in quaternion (quaternio, the number four), etc. "Aire and ye elements, the eldest birth Of Nature's womb, that in quaternion run, And nourish all things."-Milton, “Paradise Lost." The four elements of the ancients were fire, air, earth, and water. "I have chosen to write my poem (annus mirabilis) in quatrains or stanzas of four in alternate rhyme, because I have ever judged them more noble and of greater dignity both for the sound and number than any other verse in use amongst us."-Dryden. Quinque (quint), Latin, five, occurs in quinquennial (Latin, annus, a year), happening every five years; in quintessence (Latin, essentia, essence); and in quintuple, fivefold. "Aristoteles of Stagira hath put down for principles these three, to wit, a certain forme called entelechia, matter, [and] privation: for ele ments four; and for a fifth, quintessence, the heavenly body which is immutable."-Holland, “Plutarch.” Re (red), of Latin origin, primarily signifies back, backward (and has nothing to do with ere, nor does it mean before, as Richardson states), as return, to turn back; hence opposition, as resist, to stand against; also repetition, as revive, to live again; reform, to make again. Re, denoting back: "To desire there were no God, were plainly to unwish their own being, which must needs be annihilated in the subtraction of that essence which substantially supported them, and restrains them from regression into nothing."-Browne, "Vulgar Errors.” Re, denoting opposition : "To this sweet voyce a dainty musique fitted Its well-tuned strings, and to her notes consorted; Re, denoting repetition, as in rehearse, recapitulate, remove, etc.: "The land of silence and of death Attends my next remove."-Watts. Re sometimes merely strengthens the word, as in receive, reception (Latin, capio, I take), and recommend (Latin, mando, from manus, a hand; and do, I give). Rect, of Latin origin (recias, straight), appears in rectify (Latin, facio, I make), to make straight; in rectangular (Latin, angulus, a corner), right-angled; rectilinear (Latin, linea, a line), straightlined; and rectitude, uprightness. Retro, Latin, backward, as in retrogradation (Latin, gradior, I walk), going backward. It is found, also, in retroactive (Latin, ago, I do, act), acting in a backward direction. to punish the offences which did not exist at the time they were com "A bill of pains and penalties was introduced, a retroactive statute, mitted."-Gibbon, " Memoirs." Se, of Latin origin, the base of sine, without, denotes separation, apart from, without; as, seclude (Latin, claudo, I shut), to shut out; secede (Latin, I go, yield), to withdraw from; seduce (Latin, duco, I lead), to lead from duty. "From the fine gold I separate the allay, And show how hasty writers sometimes stray." Dryden, "Art of Poetry." (annus), occurring every seven years; and in septentrion, the Sept, of Latin origin (septem, seven), appears in septennial seven stars, the Great Bear, Charles's Wain, the north. As the antipodes are unto us, Shakespeare, "Hen. VI." (3rd pt.) 1. Parse the following sentences: cannot catch the rainbow. The rainbow is going away. It fades. 1. Moses found by Pharaoh's daughter. | 3. The Discovery of America. 3. Write and carefully correct an account of the last sermon, April is come. The birds sing. The trees are in blossom. The flowers are coming out. The sun shines. Now it rains. It rains and the sun shines. There is a rainbow. Oh, what fine colours! I speech, or lecture you heard. Nelson won the battle of the Nile $798. COPY-SLIP NO. 94.-NELSON WON THE BATTLE OF THE NILE, 1798. Otaheite an island in the Pacific Ocean COPY-SLIP No. 95.-OTAHEITE, AN ISLAND IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN. Pekin in China. COPY-SLIP NO. 96.-PEKIN IN CHINA. Quebec founded 1608. Romulus first king of Rome COPY-SLIP NO. 97.-QUEBEC founded, 1608. COPY-SLIP NO. 98.-ROMULUS, FIRST KING OF ROME. LESSONS IN PENMANSHIP.-XXV. THE capital letters in the present serie of copy-slips, which have been inserted to enable the self-teacher to acquire a knowledge of the shape and mode of formation of each, will serve as models for every variety of handwriting-for largehand as well as small-hand, and each of the intermediate sizes. It is necessary, however, for us to remind our readers that in using the letters that are affixed to our Copy-slips in angular writing, as in Copy-slip No. 95, as capitals for copies in hands in which the strokes are rounded at the top and bottom, as in Copy-slips Nos. 94, 96, 97, and 98, care must be taken to substitute a well-rounded curve for the angles or points that form so conspicuous a feature in angular hand; and, vice versa, in using the round-hand capitals for angular hand, the writer must substitute points for the rounded curves. As we have said before, angularity is for the most part the distinguishing feature of a lady's hand; while roundness is, generally speaking, the chief characteristic of men's handwriting; and having proceeded thus far in acquiring a sound knowledge of the formation of the large and small letters of the writing alphabet from our copy-slips and instructions, we would recommend all self-teachers, in practising writing, to direct their attention more particularly to those copies which present the characteristic features of the writing of the sex to which they belong; that is to say, that men and boys should copy our copyslips in round and commercial hand in preference to those in angular hand, while girls and women should pay more attention to copies in the latter hand than to those in the former. In drawing towards the conclusion of our present series of eopies and instructions in the formation of letters, we cannot urge too strongly on our learners the necessity of unremitting practice if they wish to write a clear and legible hand with a fair degree of rapidity. It is, however, a wearisome matter to be always copying the same copy-slips over and over again. There is nothing, indeed, that is more calculated to destroy the learner's interest in what he is doing than to be, as it were, always "harping upon one string;" and to prevent this, as well as to save him the trouble of ruling lines for his copies, we have prepared a series of cheap ruled copy-books, based on the method which has been taught in our lessons on Penmanship, and furnished with suitable head-lines, which will answer the double purpose of providing the reader with a variety of subjects for copying, and save him the trouble of ruling his paper. In "Cassell's New Copy-books for the Million," the learner will find everything that can be required for practice. The series, the contents of which we append, comprises thirteen books, price 2d. each, or the thirteen for 2s., and may be procured direct from the publishers of the POPULAR EDUCATOR, and from all booksellers. 1. Initiatory Exercises. 2. Letters and Combinations 3. Short Words. 4. Capitals. 5. Text Hand. 6. Text and Round. 7. Round Hand. 8. Round and Small Hands. particular sin, they become legal, and fall out of liberty; or, charmed with the noble and heavenly liberty, they run to negligence and irresponsible living. So the earnest become violent, the fervent fanatical and censorious, the gentle waver, the firm turn bigots, the liberal grow lax, the benevolent osten. tatious. Poor human infirmity can hold nothing steady." The more true we feel this to be, the more necessary will be seen to be the exercise of a spirit of temperance, and how difficult its application to the manifold aspects of human life and duty. In no respect is mankind more in danger of becoming intemperate than in speech; for to lay an embargo upon the tongue is among the most trying efforts of the spirit of temperance. It is difficult to deny ourselves what often gratifies our own pride, and, at the same time, damages the prestige of another. From this propensity have sprung family feuds, prolonged law-suits, and party divisions innumerable. It would be out of the province of this essay to specify all the evils which have resulted to society from intemperance in other provinces of character, but it must surely be admitted that no moral code can be perfect which does not inculcate temperance as well as 10. Text, Round, and Small Hand.justice. True, indeed, it is, that there is nothing high-sounding 11. Introduction to Ladies' Hand. in it, and it is not likely to enlist in its advocacy those who are nothing, if not extreme. But it had of old amidst its advocates the wisest and most illustrious of the philosophers; and it is made more authoritative on us by its enforcement on the page of Inspiration. The pleasures of temperance are steady in their development, but they are very lasting and real. When nature is kept in proper equipoise of action, there is freedom from those nervous depressions which are incident to excitements of any and every kind. Instead of keen sensational pleasures, succeeded by times of leaden indifference and dulness, there is a quiet glow of interest and energy in the exercises of the mind, which experienced travellers prefer, after all, the temperate zonebring with them a cheerful sense of healthful recreation. As neither the frigid cold of the far North, nor the glaring light and heat of the tropics-so the most experienced student of life will prefer the temperate zone of character as the one most conducive to the health and longevity of the virtues. 12. Ladies' Hand. 13. Commercial Sentences. ESSAYS ON LIFE AND DUTY.-IV. TEMPERANCE. THE success of life and the happiness of life, as well as the usefulness of life, depend to a very large extent upon the cultivation of the spirit of temperance. Men of intemperate speech and judgment, of intemperate likes and dislikes, are apt to risk alike reputation and influence. The counsel to be temperate does not, indeed, suit those whose passions predominate over their judgment, but all wise and thoughtful persons will see at once that there is no virtue which has so much to do with the force and excellency of character as temperance. It is a word difficult strictly to define, but it is evidently a holding of the mean between extremes in lawful things. Temperance implies the right in the thing itself, as there are some things which it would be wrong, under all circumstances, to be in any way connected with. To be temperate in swearing, stealing, or lying, would be manifestly a caricature of the word; there can be no temperance in that which is essentially evil. Can it then, the reader may say, be possible to be temperate in right? is it not counselling us to stop short in that course of duty which must get more right as we go on? Strange as it may seem at first sight to the student, there is a temperateness needed even in the virtues themselves, without which their very existence as virtues must be endangered. Amiability is one of the most beautiful excellences of character; and yet, if amiability is pushed to the extreme, there may be no righteous indignation at wrong, no earnest hatred of oppression, and no practical effort to remove it. Contentment is another praiseworthy grace of character; but content may run into indifference and sloth, and the God-given powers of the mind may be suffered to lie fallow, and even to rot. These instances are only adduced as illustrations of a law which applies to all the virtues; push any one of them, however honourable in itself, to an extreme, and it becomes a vice. It will thus be seen what a careful nurseryman each man ought to be of the vineyard of his own nature; and also what the Scriptures mean when they say, "Drunken, but not with wine." It is easy to be intoxicated with pride and ambition: either of these two powers has, indeed, its proper sphere, and their elimination from human life cannot take place without serious detriment to character. In all ages of the world men have been found to love and advocate extremes; some have been Epicureans, denying themselves no pleasure, and some Stoics, denying themselves all; and, doubtless, the disciples of extremes attract more notice, and are often credited with greater earnestness; whereas it should be remembered that, as it is more difficult to preserve the just balance, so is it more honourable and worthy of praise. One of the clearest American thinkers says, "Men undertake to be spiritual, and they become ascetic; or, endeavouring to hold a liberal view of the comforts and pleasures of society, they are soon buried in the world and become slaves to its fashion; or, holding a scrupulous watch to keep out every thus related to the other virtues in a vast variety of ways, OUR HOLIDAY. CRICKET.-II. THE following are the Laws of the game of Cricket, including the latest revisions by the Marylebone Club, which is the recognised authority on the subject. Besides forming the standard of appeal in disputed cases, they will be found by the learner to throw light on points which were but briefly touched upon in our previous paper :— THE LAWS OF DOUBLE-WICKET. 1. The Ball must weigh not less than five ounces and a half, nor more than five ounces and three quarters. It must measure not less than nine inches, nor more than nine inches and one quarter in circumference. At the beginning of each innings either party may call for a new ball. 2. The Bat must not exceed four inches and one quarter in the widest part. It must not be more than thirty-eight inches in length. 3. The Stumps must be three in number, twenty-seven inches out of the ground; the bails eight inches in length; the stumps of equal and of sufficient thickness to prevent the ball from passing through. 4, The Bowling Crease must be in a line with the stumps, six feet eight inches in length; the stumps in the centre; with a return crease at each end, fowards the bowler, at right angles. 5. The Popping Crease must be four feet from the wicket, and parallel to it; unlimited in length, but not shorter than the bowling crease. 6. The Wickets must be pitched opposite to each other by the umpires, at the distance of twenty-two yards. 7. It shall not be lawful for either party during a match, without the consent of the other, to alter the ground by rolling, watering, covering, mowing, or beating, except at the commencement of each innings, when the ground shall be swept and rolled. This rule is not meant to prevent the striker from beating the ground with his bat near the spot where he stands during the innings, nor to prevent the bowler from filling up holes with sawdust, etc., when the ground is wet. site party; and in case any person shall be allowed to run for another, the striker shall be out if either he or his substitute be off the ground in manner mentioned in laws 17 and 21, while the ball is in play. 32. In all cases where a substitute shall be allowed, the consent of the opposite party shall also be obtained as to the person to act as substitute, and the place in the field which he shall take. 33. If any fieldsman stop the ball with his hat, the ball shall be considered dead, and the opposite party shall add five runs to their score; if any be run, they shall have five in all. 34. The ball having been hit, the striker may guard his wicket with his bat, or with any part of his body except his hands; that the 23rd law may not be disobeyed. 35. The Wicket-Keeper shall not take the ball, for the purpose of stumping, until it have passed the wicket; he shall not move until the ball be out of the bowler's hand; he shall not by any noise incommode the striker; and if any part of his person be over or before the wicket, 8. After rain the wickets may be changed, with the consent of both although the ball hit it, the striker shall not be out. parties. 9. The Bowler shall deliver the ball with one foot on the ground behind the bowling crease, and within the return crease, and shall bowl four balls before he change wickets, which he shall be permitted to do only once in the same innings. 10. The ball must be bowled. If thrown or jerked, the umpire shall call "No ball." 36. The Umpires are the sole judges of fair or unfair play; and all disputes shall be determined by them, each at his own wicket; but in case of a catch which the umpire at the wicket bowled from cannot see sufficiently to decide upon, he may apply to the other umpire, whose opinion shall be conclusive. 37. The umpires in all matches shall pitch fair wickets, and the parties shall toss up for choice of innings. The umpires shall change 11. He may require the striker at the wicket from which he is wickets after each party has had one innings. bowling to stand on that side of it which he may direct. 12. If the bowler shall toss the ball over the striker's head, or bowl it so wide that, in the opinion of the umpire, it shall not be fairly within the reach of the batsman, he shall adjudge one run to the party receiving the innings, either with or without an appeal, which shall be put down to the score of "wide balls." Such ball shall not be reckoned as one of the four balls; but if the batsman shall by any means bring himself within reach of the ball, the run shall not be adjudged. 13. If the bowler deliver a "no ball," or a "wide ball," the striker shall be allowed as many runs as he can get, and he shall not be put out except by running out. In the event of no run being obtained by any other means, then one run shall be added to the score of "no balls" or "wide balls," as the case may be. All runs obtained for "wide balls" to be scored to "wide balls." The names of the bowlers who bowl "wide balls," or "no balls," in future to be placed on the score, to show the parties by whom either score is made. If the ball shall first touch any part of the striker's dress or person (except his hands), the umpire shall call "Leg bye." 14. At the beginning of each innings the umpire shall call "Play." From that time to the end of each innings no trial ball shall be allowed to any bowler. 15. The Striker is Out if either of the bails be bowled off, or if a stump be bowled out of the ground; 16. Or if the ball, from the stroke of the bat, or hand, but not the wrist, be held before it touch the ground, although it be hugged to the body of the catcher; 17. Or if, in striking, or at any other time while the ball shall be in play, both his feet shall be over the popping crease, and his wicket put down, except his bat be grounded within it; 18. Or if, in striking at the ball, he hit down his wicket; 19. Or if, under pretence of running, or otherwise, either of the strikers prevent a ball from being caught, the striker of the ball is out; 20. Or if the ball be struck, and he wilfully strike it again; 21. Or if, in running, the wicket be struck down by a throw, or by the hand or arm (with ball in hand), before his bat (in hand) or some part of his person be grounded over the popping crease. both the bails be off, a stump must be struck out of the ground; 22. Or if any part of the striker's dress knock down the wicket; 23. Or if the striker touch or take up the ball, while in play, unless at the request of the opposite party; But if 24. Or if with any part of his person he stop the ball, which, in the opinion of the umpire at the bowler's wicket, shall have been pitched in a straight line from it to the striker's wicket, and would have hit it. 25. If the players have crossed each other, he that runs for the wicket which is put down is out. 26. A ball being caught, no runs shall be reckoned. 27. A striker being run out, that run which he and his partner were attempting shall not be reckoned. 28. If a "Lost ball" be called, the striker shall be allowed six runs ; but if more than six shall have been run before "Lost Ball" shall have been called, then the striker shall have all which have been run. 29. After the ball shall have been finally settled in the wicketkeeper's or bowler's hand, it shall be considered dead; but when the bowler is about to deliver the ball, if the striker at his wicket go outside the popping crease before such actual delivery, the said bowler may put him out, unless (with reference to the 21st law) his bat in hand, or some part of his person, be within the popping crease. 30. The striker shall not retire from his wicket and return to it to complete his innings after another has been in, without the consent of the opposite party. 31. No substitute shall in any case be allowed to stand out or run between wickets for another person without the consent of the oppo 38. They shall allow two minutes for each striker to come in, and ten minutes between each innings. When the umpire shall call "Play," the party refusing to play shall lose the match. 39. They are not to order a striker out unless appealed to by the adversaries; 40. But if one of the bowler's feet be not on the ground behind the bowling crease, and within the return crease, when he shall deliver the ball, the umpire at his wicket, unasked, must call "No ball." 41. If either of the strikers run a short run, the umpire must call "One short." 42. No umpire shall be allowed to bet. 43. No umpire is to be changed during a match, unless with the consent of both parties, except in case of violation of the 42nd law; then either party may dismiss the transgressor. 44. After the delivery of four balls, the umpire must call " 'Over," but not until the ball shall be finally settled in the wicket-keeper's or bowler's band; the ball shall then be considered dead; nevertheless, if an idea be entertained that either of the strikers is out, a question may be put previously to, but not after, the delivery of the next ball. 45. The umpire must take especial care to call "No ball" instantly upon delivery; "Wide ball," as soon as it shall pass the striker. 46. The Players who go in second shall follow their innings if they have obtained eight, runs less than their antagonists, except in all matches limited to only one day's play, when the number shall be limited to sixty instead of eighty. 47. When one of the strikers shall have been put out, the use of the bat shall not be allowed to any person until the next striker shall come in. NOTE.-Complaints having been made that it is the practice of some players when at the wicket to make holes in the ground for a footing, the committee are of opinion that the umpires should be empowered to prevent it. THE LAWS OF SINGLE WICKET. 1. When there shall be less than five players on a side, bounds shall be placed, twenty-two yards each, in a line from the off and leg stump. 2. The ball must be hit before the bounds to entitle the striker to a run, which run cannot be obtained unless he touch the bowling stump or crease in a line with his bat, or some part of his person, or go beyond them, returning to the popping crease as at double wicket, according to the 21st law. 3. When the striker shall hit the ball, one of his feet must be on the ground and behind the popping crease, otherwise the umpire shall call "No hit." 4. When there shall be less than five players on a side, neither byes nor over-throws shall be allowed, nor shall the striker be caught out behind the wicket, nor stumped out. 5. The fieldsman must return the ball so that it shall cross the play between the wicket and the bowling stump, or between the bowling stump and the bounds. The striker may run till the ball be so returned. 6. After the striker shall have made one run, if he start again he must touch the bowling stump and turn before the ball cross the play, to entitle him to another. 7. The striker shall be entitled to three runs for lost ball, and the same number for ball stopped with hat, with reference to the 28th and 33rd laws of double wicket. 8. When there shall be more than four players on a side, there shall be no bounds. All hits, byes, and overthrows shall then be allowed. 9. The bowler is subject to the same laws as at double wicket. 10. Not more than one minute shall be allowed between each bali. |