ANNUAL CRUDE DEATH RATES PER 1,000 PERSONS LIVING, 1906–13 Figures not available for entire period. Includes only municipalities having a population of 1,000 or over in 1900. Rates too low, some deaths of infants being omitted. ored population, which under the con- | Portland and certain other cities are ditions at present existing has practically always a much higher mortality than the white population. The death rates shown for Seattle, dependent to some extent on the favorable age distribution of the population. With the report for 1911, the Bureau of the Census began the pub lication of "corrected" or "standard- for certain important causes of death ized" death rates, which permit an approximately exact comparison of the mortality of different localities (A. Y. B., 1913, p. 746). Causes of Death.-The death rates per 100,000 population in the registration area of the United States from 1901 to 1913 are given in the following table, compiled from the census report for 1913: DEATH RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION FROM IMPORTANT CAUSES OF DEATH International Statistics. In the | cipal countries. The data of death following tables, taken from the latest rates in the world's principal cities Annual Report of the Registrar-Gen- in 1912, given in the YEAR BOOK for eral of England and Wales, are given 1913 (p. 749), are the latest now birth and death rates in the prin- available. ANNUAL CRUDE DEATH RATES IN PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES, PER 1,000 PERSONS LIVING, 1881-1912 (Annual Report, Registrar-General of England and Wales, 1912) Belgium.. Scotland 19.0 18.0 17.0 England and Wales. 17.7 16.0 19.6 18.8 16.1 15.3 15.1 15.3 14.7 13.5 14.6 13.3 14.3 ANNUAL BIRTH RATES IN PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES, PER 1,000 PERSONS LIVING, 49.1 48.2 48.2 49.3 47.7 39.8 43.0 38.6 39.0 38.8 39.0 37.9 43.4 33.3 38.5 36.2 38.0 35.0 36.3 29.4 28.9 29.9 28.6 32.9 31.5 32.4 33.9 28.6 27.8 28.1 23.7 23.0 22.4 19.0 XXIX. RELIGION AND RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS CHRISTIAN CHURCHES H. K. CARROLL ANGLICAN COMMUNION European War has postponed the approach to Europe. One of the lessons of the European War which is convulsing half the world, as seen by advocates of the proposed Conference, is that only by unity in the one Lord Jesus Christ, the Prince of Peace, can Christians help to make the Kingdoms of the world the Kingdom of our Lord and of His Christ, and it is believed that the terrible destruction of the war will make Christians see more clearly the need of a reunited Christianity. The war will suspend for the present World Conference on Faith and Order. Considerable progress, it is announced, has been made in 1914 toward a successful issue of this Conference. Commissions have now been appointed by 49 communions in North and South America, Europe, Asia, Australia and Africa. Others are in process of appointment, so that it may be said that coöperation is assured on the part of substantially the whole Anglican communion throughout the world, of the leading Protestant communions in English-speaking the world-wide plans for the Concountries and of the Old Catholic churches of Europe. Important dignitarie of the Russian Church have given assurances of their aid toward the participation by that Church, and an increasing number of Roman Catholics, some of them of high rank, have expressed interest in the movement. in the spirit of Christian love, be promoted. Referring to the Kikuyu controversy the Commission says: ference. Meantime, the Commission asks that prayer be offered that the Holy Spirit direct all the preparations for the Conference and hasten the time when this effort for Christian unity may be resumed, that knowledge of the plans and purposes of the Conference be spread in the UnitPlans had been made to send a dep-ed States, and that small gatherings utation in 1914 to present the matter of members of different communions, to the communions of the Continent of Europe and of the East. This deputation was to consist of the Bishop of Chicago, the Bishop of Connecticut, the Bishop of Pennsylvania, the Rev. William T. Manning, D. D., and Dr. John R. Mott. They were to have arrived in England at the end of August and influential men in every country of Europe had promised their help in securing a favorable opportunity for the presentation of the matter. From the correspondence relative to the arrangements for their visit, it appeared that the proposal had become known in many parts of the Continent and articles had been published about it in Germany, Finland and Hungary. The From the mission field the long outstanding problem of Christian unity has been brought . . . and set directly in the way before all Christian communions. It cannot longer be passed by. The great interests which Christian people of every name have most at heart call for its solution. But solution cannot be secured by surrender. It must be preceded by confer ence. Before conference there must be truce. The Commission therefore calls upon all to join in "a Truce of God." The Kikuyu Controversy.-The Kikuyu controversy arose on the com plaint of the Anglican Bishop of Zan- a law under the new regulations of zibar of the action of two other An- the British constitution. Taxation glican bishops in Africa, the bishops for the support of the Church ceases, of Mombasa and Uganda. In a con- Parliamentary ecclesiastical law falls, ference at Kikuyu, Africa, with rep- the cathedrals and ecclesiastical corresentatives of other missions the porations will be dissolved and the bishops agreed to a common policy, bishops will cease to be members of including transfer of communicants the House of Lords, and bishops and from one to another of the federated clergy will not be members of the churches, and they united in celebrat- Canterbury Convocation. Of the aning, under the leadership of the nual income of $1,480,000 which the Bishop of Mombasa, the Anglican rite Church enjoyed from endowments, the of communion in a Presbyterian new law takes away $862,500 as repchurch and administered it to repre- resenting national property, and gives sentatives of other churches. The it to the Welsh University and to Archbishop of Canterbury referred the county councils for public and charicomplaint, in accordance with the table purposes. (See also IV, The usual procedure, to the Central Con- United Kingdom.) sultative Body of Bishops of the Anglican Church, which met in July, but is not expected to give any utterance on the subject until the close of the European War. The Archbishop asked the Consultative Body, which consists of 14 bishops, appointed by the Lambeth Conference of 1908, including bishops of colonial churches, whether, in their opinion, "due consideration being given to precedent and to all the facts of the case, the action of the bishops who arranged and conducted the admittedly abnormal service was consistent or inconsistent with principles accepted by the Church of England." The complaint against the two Bishops of Mombasa and Uganda, who belong to the missions of the Church Missionary Society, while Zanzibar and the dioceses of Northern Rhodesia and Likoma are supported by the Universities' Southern Baptist Convention.-The Mission, immediately plunged the Southern Baptist Convention, repreChurch of England into an extensive senting the most numerous Baptist controversy, and letters to daily and body in the world, held its annual weekly newspapers, reviews, pam- session in Nashville, Tenn. A report phlets and books have made their ap- showed progress toward the establishpearance in profusion. Bishops have ment of a theological seminary for written, some in support of the posi- the training of colored Baptist mintion of the Bishop of Zanzibar, nota-isters. The white Baptists propose to bly the Bishops of Chichester and Worcester, and some in support of the Bishops of Mombasa and Uganda, among the latter being the Bishop of Durham. Disestablishment of the Church of Wales.-The Anglican Church in Wales has ceased to be a body "established by law." The House of Lords refused to approve the bill for disestablishment which, however, became The Anglican and the Russian Orthodox Church.-Early in the year a Church of England clergyman read before the Holy Synod of Russia a paper expressive of a desire to bring about closer relations between the two churches. The Holy Synod appointed a delegation including six archbishops to visit England and explain the essentials and organization of the Church of Russia, instructing them to be cautious on the question of union. The chairman of the dele gation is said to hold that there are two obstacles to union, in the retention by the Anglican Church of certain Roman Catholic dogmas and in lack of evidence that the Church has apostolic succession. BAPTIST assist the National Baptist Convention in securing such an institution. A declaration on the subject of Christian union was adopted, which sets forth the principles for which the churches of the Convention stand: (1) conscious personal relation of the individual to God, which excludes infant baptism; (2) the change known as the "new birth," conditioned upon conscious acceptance of Christ; (3) |