PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION. lished. It has been thought best on the whole, as the Oxford course requires a fuller treatment than that of Cambridge, not to enlarge this edition to so great a degree; and there seemed also little need to supply what was to be found to some extent in the Oxford Calendar. With regard, again, to the choice of a College in Oxford so many considerations come into play besides the mere amount and number of Endowments that it seemed like putting the question on a false issue to lay much stress upon such things, and indeed there is now so little difference in their number and value in the great majority of Colleges, and the University Commission has placed them so nearly on the same level in other respects, that there is the less reason for bringing them into prominence in this work. Further it must be remembered that Colleges are constantly undergoing changes in respect of their religious, intellectual, and social tone. As regards detailed statements and advice on pecuniary matters, it has been felt that at Oxford, where the Collegiate system alone prevails, and where each College has its own fashions and peculiarities, general remarks would be of little use. It is the spirit in which the University course is pursued which is really important. If this is right other things will fall into their places. It is with the hope of promoting what is believed to be a right vi PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION. spirit in the student that this work has been published. Parents or Guardians can hardly be guided by any book in the choice of a College, or as to the proper scale of expenses in each particular case. They must seek the advice of persons competent to give it; but even when they have adopted that advice a great deal more depends on themselves than is popularly supposed. The Note below will shew what is the lowest cost of an Oxford education. OXFORD, October, 1866. NOTE ON UNIVERSITY EXPENSES. AN investigation into the question of the minimum of University Expenses has just been made in connection with various plans of University Extension. An extract or two may convey some idea of the facts. In the Report of the "Sub-Committee nominated to consider the best means of adapting the existing Colleges and Halls to the object of University Extension," it is stated that "a College education can be obtained at a lower cost than is commonly supposed. The University Commissioners expressed it as their opinion that a father might think himself fortunate if his son's College career cost him no more than £600.' No doubt a much larger sum is not unfrequently expended in the course of residence. But it is equally certain, on the other hand, that young men of limited means and NOTE ON UNIVERSITY EXPENSES. vii frugal habits (of whom not a few are among the ornaments of every College) find no difficulty in confining their expenditure within more modest bounds. The lowest batells (tuition, room-rent, and food in College) in fourteen Colleges taken promiscuously, were found to average during the past year £78. In one, not generally considered of the cheapest, a young man writes that his Degree cost him in all but £307, in which he includes his travelling expenses, dress, and extras. In another even this amount is stated on the best authority to be in excess of what is in many instances spent during a three years' residence. On the whole we rather incline to say that a father would have reason to complain of his son if, sent to the University to pursue a line of frugality and economy at one of the existing Colleges or Halls, he should require more than £400 for all his expenses from his Matriculation to his Degree." The "Sub-Committee nominated to consider the expediency of allowing Undergraduates to reside in Lodgings, whether with or without connection with Colleges, and to recommend provisions for securing their discipline and tuition," place the "whole annual College charges, the calculation being founded on actual bills of several Colleges, at an average of about £100." The "Sub-Committee nominated to consider the suggestion for extending the University by founding a College or Hall on a large scale with a view not exclusively, but especially, to the education of persons needing assistance and desirous of admission into the Christian Ministry," recommend a scheme, which has since taken. the form of the "Keble Memorial" College, whereby all College expenses, viz. tuition, room-rent, and food in viii NOTE ON UNIVERSITY EXPENSES. College, shall be covered by the sum of £51 per annum, or £153 for the whole course of three years. These statements, it will be remembered, only apply to the expenses of Term, or half the year; and unless the contrary is stated (as in the first extract) do not include private expenses, such as those of travelling, dress, and extras. CONTENTS. COMPARISON OF THE PASS AND CLASS COURSES OF EDUCATION. INTRODUCTION-The Pass-course unsatisfactory-Exceptional cases -Erroneous views of the Class-course-The distinction between the two Courses justified-Names of Examinations-Pass and Class at Moderations-Pass and Class in the First Final School-Pass and Class in the Second Final Schools-Summary-The waste of time by Pass-men-The Pass and Class Courses as means of mental training Method of pursuing the Class-course-A good beginning-No royal road-Term and Vacation-Number of hours at work-Honest work—Is real work slavery ?—Elasticity of mind-Sunday—Intel- lect, morals, faith-Recreations-The ancient model-Note-books and abstracts-Law of association-Printed summaries worthless- Effect of Abstracts on Examinations-Subsequent use of note-books -College Tutors-The real value of College lectures-The Tutor a friend as well as lecturer-The Professors-Importance of attend- ing them-How to make the best use of their lectures-Practice in writing essays-Private Tutors-How far Private Tutors are neces- Responsions-Choice of Books for Moderations-Some historical |