National Labour Legislation

1. LAWS AND ORDERS

I. United States

SUMMARY OF LABOUR LEGISLATION IN 1913-1914*
I. Labour Legislation of General Application

1. HYGIENE.

(a) GENERAL PROVISIONS ON CLEANLINESS, SANITATION, ETC., IN WORKPLACES.-Arizona: List of prohibited occupations; §§3147 and 3156, 1913 (203, 204).—California: Wiping rags to be sterilised; ch. 81, 1913 (300); sanitation and air space in bunkhouses of labour camps; ch. 182, 1913 (304); medical and surgical chest ; ch. 278, 1913 (307); Colorado: ch. 128, 1913 (393)-Connecticut: Occupational diseases to be reported by physician; ch. 14, 1913 (424)—Maine: Occupational diseases (lead poisoning) to be reported by physician to the State Board of Health; ch. 82, 1913 (890)— Maryland: Occupational diseases to be reported; ch. 165, 1912 (898)— Massachusetts: Records to be open; ch. 333, 1913 (1018); lighting; ch. 766, 1913 (1029)-Occupational diseases to be reported; ch. 813, 1913 (1033)— Minnesota: Occupational diseases to be reported by physician; ch. 21, 1913 (1122); limewashing in factories where wom n and children are employed, ch. 581, 1913 (1141)--Missouri: Prevention of disease, working clothes respirators, etc., p. 402, 1913 (1211)--Nebraska: Sanitation in factories, mills, workshops, mercantile or mechanical establishments; $3588, etc., 1913 (1298)-Nevada: Smoking forbidden; §6578, 1912 (1339)-Collars on shafts; $6797, 1912 (1343)-New Hampshire: Occupational diseases to be reported; ch. 118, 1913 (1369)—New Jersey: Occupational diseases to be reported; ch. 351, 1912 (1423)-New York: Labels to be affixed on articles of factories with occupational diseases, ch. 334. 1912 (1514); taking food into certain workrooms to be prohibited, ch. 336, 1912 (1512); occupational diseases to be reported, ch. 145, 1913 (1490); cleanliness in factories, ch. 82, 198, 1913 (1508, 1509); drinking water, wash-rooms, dressing-rooms, water closets, ch. 340, 1913 (1510)—North Carolina : Toilet rooms; ch. 83,

*The figures in brackets refer to pages in the Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labour Statistics. Whole Number 148. Washington Government Printing Office, April, 1914.

1913 (1579)—Ohio: Sanitation, occupational diseases to be reported; p. 184, 819, 1913 (1661, 1668-Pennsylvania : Permit required for manufactures in tenements; No. 428, 1913 (1927); sanitation in factories, occupational diseases to be reported; No. 851, 1913 (1934)—Vermont : Regulations for heating and ventilation, No. 216, 1912 (2150)—United States: Package of white phosphorus matches, ch. 75, 1911-1912 (2431)— Virginia Sanitation, ch. 62, 1912 (2164).

(b) LAVATORIES AND DRESSING ROOMS; SANITARY ACCOMMODATION.— TENEMENT HOUSES.-Colorado: Ch. 128, 1913 (393)-Delaware: ch. 97, 1913 (436)-Florida: ch. 6488, 1913 (472)-Illinois: p. 359, 1913 (623)Iowa: ch. 201, 1913 (760)—Kansas: ch. 226, 1913 (804)-Kentucky: ch. 77, 1912 (833)—Michigan: No. 177, 1913 (1088)—Missouri: p. 401, 1913 (1211)— Nebraska: sec. 3589, 1913 (1298)-New York: ch. 195, 1913 (1515)-North Carolina ch. 83, 1913 (1579)—Pennsylvania: No. 466, 1913 (1930); No. 851, 1913 (1934)-South Carolina: §869, Civil Code, 1912 (1994)-South Dakota ch. 240, 1913 (2026)-Wyoming: ch. 108, 1913 (2350).

(c) EXHAUST FANS, ETC., VENTILATION.-Colorado: ch. 128, 1913 (393)— Connecticut: ch. 208, 1913 (424)—Minnesota: ch. 316, 581, 1913 (1128, 1141)—Missouri: p. 402, 1913 (1211)-Nebraska: $3590, 1913 (1298)— New Jersey: ch. 5, 1912 (1390)-New York: ch. 196, 1913 (1509)-Pennsylvania: No. 447, 1913 (1928)—Porto Rico: No. 42, 1913 (1963).

2. PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS.

(a) LIFTS, HOISTS, SHAFTING, DOORS, GUARDS, ETC.-Florida: Guards; ch. 6488, 1913 (474)—Massachusetts: Guards; ch. 318, 1912 (981); inspection of elevators; ch. 806, 1913 (1031)-Minnesota: Hoists, doors; ch. 160, 1913 (1067); guards; ch. 316, 1913 (1128)-Nebraska: Guards; $3597, 1913 (299)-New Jersey: Belt shifters; ch. 6, 1912 (1388); inspection of elevators ch. 183, 1913 (1423)-New York: ch. 145, 199, 202, 286, 461 and 543, 1913 (1482, 1496, 1505, 1516).

(b) STEAM BOILERS AND MACHINES.-Indiana: Inspection of steam boilers; ch. 301, 1913 (710)—Massachusetts: Inspection of steam boilers; ch. 531, 1912 (954)-Montana: Inspection of steam boilers and vessels; ch. 30, 63, 1913 (1218, 1273)—Nebraska: §3597, 1913 (1299)—New Jersey: ch. 183, 1913 (1423)-New Hampshire: Inspection of steam vessels ; ch. 185, 1913 (1371) New York: Inspection of steam boilers; ch. 523, 765, 1913 (1474, 1541) Ohio: Inspection of steam boilers; p. 649, 1913 (1654).

(c) FIRE ESCAPES, EMERGENCY EXITS, ETC.-Connecticut: ch. 81, 1913 (401)—Massachusetts: ch. 655, 1913 (1022)—Minnesota : ch. 316, 1913 (1131) -Nebraska: $3612a-3615, 1913 (1305)-New Hampshire: ch. 215, 1913 (1361)-New York: Disposal of waste materials; ch. 329, 1912; ch. 154, 1913 (1508); fire alarm signals; ch. 330, 1912; ch. 203, 1913 (1507); sprinklers; ch. 332, 1912 (1508); exits, ch. 461, 1913 (1497)-Pennsylvania: Exits to be fireproof; No. 190, 1913 (1920)—Tennessee: ch. 40, 1913 (2067).

(d) LIGHTING.-Massachusetts: ch. 766, 1913 (1029)-Minnesota: ch. 316, 1913 (1129)-New York: ch. 219, 1912 (1529).

3. CONTRACTS OF WORK.

Florida: Contracts of employment with intent to defraud; ch. 6528, 1913 (478)—Nebraska : Service letter after termination of contract of employment; $$3572-3574, 1913 (1292)-Nevada: Violation of contract of employ

ment; §6588, 1912 (1340); false representations of employers; ch. 276, 1913 (1353) Philippine Islands: Contracts of employment with intent to defraud; No. 2098, 1911-1912 (1949); South Carolina: Contracts to be witnessed; $3809, 1912 (1997)—fraudulent breach of contracts of employment ; criminal code, 1912, §492 (2004); notice of suspension of work; No. 424, 1912 (2008).

4. HOME-WORK.

New York: Issue of licences, inspection, sanitation, registration of home workers; ch. 260, 1913 (1516)-Pennsylvania : Permits; No. 428, 1913 (1927).

5. EMPLOYMENT OFFICES.

(a) PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT OFFICES.-Connecticut: Licences, fees; ch. 4, 1913 (406)—Illinois: Number of employment offices, p. 334, 1913 (551)— Minnesota: Establishment of free State employment bureaux, ch. 518, (1137)— Nebraska Free employment office in the office of the bureau of labour and industrial statistics; $3558, 1913 (1291)-Ohio: p. 528, 1913 (1615)— Philippine Islands: Public registry of workmen; §2129, 1911-1912 (1949)—– South Dakota State Bureau of information; ch. 117, 1913 (2023).

(b) PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT OFFICES.-California: Licensing fees, false advertisements are culpable; ch. 282, 1913 (308); notice of labour disturbances to be given; ch. 333, 1913 (320)--Indiana: Registration fees; ch. 321, 1913 (678)-Maine: Notice of strike to be given; ch. 16, 1913 (890)Massachusetts: Notice of strike; ch. 545, 1912 (991)-Michigan: Licensing

no. 301, 1913 (1093)-Minnesota: False representations forbidden; ch. 544, 1913 (1138)-Nevada: Licensing fees, §3727, 1912 (1328)-False statements forbidden; §6785, 1912 (1342); forgery of employers' certificates; $6787, 1912 (1342)-New Hampshire: Notice of labour disputes; ch. 212, 1913 (1372)--Wisconsin: False statements forbidden, licensing, fees; ch. 663, 1913 (2302).

6. HOURS OF LABOUR.

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(a) GENERAL REGULATION.-Alaska: Sunday labour forbidden ; ceptions; §2021, 1913 (187)--Connecticut: Sunday labour forbidden; ch. 119, 1913 (424)-Massachusetts: Making up lost time on holidays forbidden; ch. 359. 1913 (1018); weekly day of rest; exemptions; ch. 619. 1913 (1021)— Mississipi: Ten-hour day in manufacturing establishments, ch. 157, 1912 (1154)-Nebraska: Ten-hour day for labourers and mechanics; §3561, 1913 (1291) Sunday labour forbidden; §8802, 1913 (1319)-New Hampshire: Unnecessary holiday labour forbidden; ch. 188, 1913 (1371)—New York: Sunday labour forbidden; exceptions; ch. 740, 1913 (1478)--Oklahoma: Sunday labour forbidden; ch. 204, 1913 (1706)-Oregon: Ten hours day in factories; ch. 102, 1913 (1780)—Porto Rico: Sunday labour forbidden, etc.; no. 131, 1913 (1958)-South Carolina: Sunday labour forbidden; criminal code, 1912; 8698 (2006)—United States: Post offices of the first and second class closed on Sundays; ch. 398, 1911-1912 (2435).

7. WAGES.

(a) PAYMENT OF WAGES-Alaska: Coercion as to boarding or trading forbidden; ch. 9, 1913 (187)—Arizona: Payment of wages due to discharged employees, §616, 1913 (209)-California: What assignments valid; ch. 287, 1913 (265); payment of wages due to seasonal labourers in presence of the commissioner of the bureau of labour statistics; ch. 198, 1913

(305)—Illinois: What assignments valid ; P. 199, 1913 (621); semimonthly pay day; payment of wages due to absent or discharged employees; p. 358, 1913 (623) Indiana: Semi-monthly pay day; ch. 27, 1913 (703)-Louisiana: Semi-monthly pay day; No. 27, 1912 (864)—Payment of wages due to discharged employees: No. 250, 1912 (866)-Maine: Weekly pay day: ch. 26, 1913 (882)-Michigan: Semi-monthly pay day; No. 59, 1913 (1082)-Mississippi: Monthly pay day; ch. 141, 1912 (1153)—Missouri: Payment of wages due to discharged employees; p. 175, 1913 (1206)Nevada Payment of wages in scrip, §1939, 1940, 1912 (1325); §§6788-6790, 1912 (1342); Coercion as to boarding or trading forbidden; §6791, 1912 (1342) Ohio: Semi-monthly pay day; p. 154, 1913 (1693)—Pennsylvania : Semi-monthly pay day; No. 76, 1913 (1917)—Philippine Islands: Coercion as to boarding or trading forbidden; No. 2193, 1912-1913 (1950)-South Carolina Payment of wages earned within the State; Civil Code, §2807, 1912 (1995)-Payment of wages due to discharged employees; Payment of wages in scrip; Civil Code, 1912, §3812 (1998)-Use of scrip payable at future time; Criminal Code, 1912, §503 (2005)-Tennessee: Semi-monthly pay day; ch. 29, 1913 (2064)-Virginia: Ch. 106, 1912 (2158).

(b) PROTECTION OF WAGES.-(MECHANICS' LIENS).-Alaska: Compiled laws, 1913, §51, 164-174, 691-724; Acts of 1913, ch. 79 (32)-Arizona: Acts of 1912, ch. 66 (33)-Illinois: Acts of 1913, p. 400 (40)-Iowa: Acts of 1913, ch. 267 (42)—Kansas: Acts of 1913, ch. 218, 242 (43)---Kentucky : Acts of 1912, ch. 115 (44)—Louisiana: Acts of 1912, Nos. 23 and 195 (44)— Maine: Acts of 1913, ch. 50 (45)-Michigan: Acts of 1913, Nos. 92, 136, and 394 (48) Mississippi: Acts of 1912, ch. 232 (50)-Missouri: Acts of 1913, P. 408 (51)—Nebra ka: Revised Statutes of 1913, §3823-3843 (53)—Nevada : Revised laws of 1912, §2213-2231 (53)—New Jersey: Acts of 1912, ch. 265, 294 (55) Ohio: Acts of 1913, p. 369 et seq., p. 941, §54 (59)—Oklahoma: Acts of 1913, ch. 82 (61)—South Carolina: Acts of 1912, No. 350 (66)—South Dakota : Acts of 1913, ch. 263 (66)-Texas: Acts of 1913, ch. 124 (68)—Wisconsin : Acts of 1913, ch. 213 and 241 (74)—Wyoming: Acts of 1913, ch. 100 (75).

(c) ASSIGNMENT OF WAGES.-Alaska: Sixty days' earnings exempt from execution, §1105, 1913 (186)-Idaho: Exemption of wages from execution; ch. 60, 1913 (521)-Minnesota: Thirty days' earnings exempt from execution; ch. 335, 439, 1913; (1103, 1133)-Kansas: Exemption of wages from execution; ch. 232, 1913 (792)—Montana: Thirty days' earnings exempt from execution; ch. 48, 1913 (1235)--Nebraska: Ninety per cent. of the wages of all persons who are heads of families, etc., are exempt from execution; §8104, 1913 (1317)-Nevada: Thirty days' earnings exempt from execution; $5288. 1912 (1336)-New Jersey: Ch. 202, 1912 (1422)--South Carolina: Sixty days' earnings exempt from execution; Code of civil procedure, 1912, §355 (2000)-Wisconsin: Three months' earnings exempt from execution under certain conditions; ch. 187, 1913 (2304)-New York: Exemption of wages from execution; ch. 579, 1913 (1458)-Pennsylvania: Attachments for board; No. 89, 1913 (1824).

PROTECTION OF WAGES. (a) GENERAL. Alaska: Wages as preferred claims; $1704, 1913 (186)-Hawaii: Security for wages of employees on public works; No. 31, 1913 (78)—Kentucky: Assignment of wages; ch. 126, 1912 (834)-Louisiana: Security for wages in any undertakings where the amount involved is $1,000 or over; No. 167, 1912 (78); Loans to employees Maximum rate 8 per cent ; Acts of 1912, No. 240 (866)-Massachusetts: Orders for wages must be signed and registered by the employer; ch.

675, 1912 (1010)—Minnesota : Ch. 439, 1913 (1133)—Nebraska : Wages as preferred claims; §263, 1913 (1279): Licenses for wage brokers' registration: The rates of interest shall not exceed 10 per cent.; §§3357-3368, 1913 (1287)— Nevada Wages as preferred claims; §§606, 5493 et seq., 6145, 1912 (1321, 1336, 1338): In insolvency of corporations; §1187, 1912 (1322); forced contributions from employees forbidden; §1943-1945, 1912 (1326): ch. 264, 1913 (79)-Pennsylvania: Orders for wages must be signed and registered by the employer: Assignments by married men only valid with the written consent of the wife; Act 268, 1913 (1926)-Texas: Ch. 99, 1913 (79)—Utah : Wages as preferred claims; ch. 23, 24, 1913 (2105, 2109).

(b) WOMEN.-Alaska: $490, 1913 (79); Nebraska: §1562, 1913 (80) Nevada: §§2167, 2169, 1912 (80)—South Carolina: §3759, 1912 (80).

8. RIGHT OF COMBINATION.

(a) PROTECTION OF LABOUR ORGANISATIONS.-Nevada: Meetings permitted; Revised laws, 1912, §6801 (1344).

(b) PROTECTION OF BADGES, ETC.; TRADE MARKS OF TRADE UNIONS.— Michigan: Acts of 1913; ch. 279 (82)—Missouri: Acts of 1913, p. 763–765 (82)-Nevada: Revised laws of 1912, §4309, 4635-4637, 6691-6694 (82, 1335).

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(c) PROHIBITION OF BOYCOTTING, BLACKLISTING, ETC.- -Alaska: representations and notices on employment of labour prohibited; ch. 36, 1913 (188) Arizona: Blacklisting prohibited; ch. 61, 1912 (228)-Massachusetts: Interference with employment for bidden; ch. 495, 1912 (968): Persuasion not an offence; ch. 690, 1913 (1027)—Minnesota: False representation forbidden; ch. 544, 1913 (1138)-Nevada: False representation forbidden, §§1936-1938, 1912 (1325)-Interference with employment a misdemeanour; §6377, 1912 (1338): Blacklisting prohibited, §6779, 1912 (1341)— New Mexico: Blacklisting prohibited; ch. 33, 1912 (1441).

9. EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION.

Mississippi: Licences for emigrant agents, ch. 94, 1912 (1152)—Nevada : Immigration of slaves, etc., prohibited; §6847, 1912 (1345)-South Carolina: Licences for emigrant agents; Criminal code, 1912, §896 (2007).

10. PUBLIC WORKS AND CONTRACTS.

(a) WAGES.-Arizona: $3103, 1913 (197)-Nebraska: Maximum rate for employees on public roads; §2929, 2930, 1913 (1282)-Nevada: Minimum wage of three dollars for labour on public works; $3481, 1912 (1327)-United States: Rates of wages of employees of Government printing office; ch. 355, Act of 24th August, 1912 (2362, 2434).

(b) HOURS OF LABOUR.-Alaska: Eight-hour day; $36, ch. 7, 1913 (86, 187)-Arizona: Eight-hour day; $3103, 1913 (197)-Idaho: Eight-hour day; ch. 165, 1913 (529)-Kansas: Eight-hour day; ch. 220, 1913 (770)— Missouri: Eight-hour day; pp. 399-420, 1913 (1175, 1215)-Nevada: Leave of absence for fifteen days in each calendar year, with full pay, for every State employee; $4109, 1912 (1328); eight-hour day; §§3035, 6778, 1912 (86,1340)-New Jersey: Eight-hour day; ch. 253, 1913 (1429)-New York': Eight-hour day; ch. 494, 1913 (1476)-Ohio: Eight-hour day; Constitution amendments; 37, 1912 (1603); p. 854, 1913 (1603)—Oregon: Eight-hour