Foodstuffs Protection of. (Reg. Bd. of H., May 28, 1912.)

RULE 49. No person, firm, or corporation shall sell, expose, or offer for sale any fruit, vegetable, confectionery, meat, poultry, fish, or any other article of food, not contained in a dust-proof package or box (except such fruits and vegetables as have a natural covering that requires to be removed before the fruit or vegetable is eaten, or in the use of which for food the process of boiling or cooking is necessary), that is or has been exposed in or upon any street, sidewalk, doorway, lane, alley, open window, or other public or private place in the open air adjacent to any street, sidewalk, lane, alley, of square, unless said articles of food shall be or shall have been reasonably protected irom dust, filth, or other infectious substances by a suitable covering.

All fruits, vegetables, or other articles of food exposed in the manner set forth in this regulation shall be kept at a height of not less than 18 inches from the sidewalk or ground above which they are placed.

No person, firm, or corporation shall convey through the streets of North Adams, in A wagon or otherwise, for sale or delivery, any bread, pie, or pastry, unless such pie or pastry is protected from the dust of the streets by being inclosed in dust-proof box or drawer, and such bread is suitably and separately wrapped in paraffin paper.

Medical and Surgical Chests Required in Factories. (Reg. of Bd. H., May 28, 1912.)

RULE 50. Be it enacted as follows: SECTION 1. Every person, firm, or corporation "perating a factory or shop in which machinery is used for manufacturing purposes, or for any other purpose except for elevators, or for heating or hoisting apparatus, shall at all times keep and maintain, free of expense to employees such a medical and surgical chest as shall be required by the local board of health of any city or town where such machinery is used, containing plasters, bandages, absorbent cotton, gauze and all necessary medicines, instruments, and other appliances for the treatment of persons injured or taken ill upon the premises.

SEC. 2. Any person, firm, or corporation violating this act shall be subject to a fine of not less than $5 nor more than $500 for every week during which such violation continued. Approved March 1, 1907.

In accordance with the provisions of the above act the North Adams board of health hereby requires the following medical and surgical supplies and appliances to be kept and maintained in the factories and shops within the meaning of the above act, in the city of North Adams, Mass.:

Plumbing. (Reg. Bd. of H., May 28, 1912.)

LICENSE.

SECTION 1. No person except those authorized by provisions of sections 1 and 2 of chapter 103 of the Revised Laws shall carry on the business, or do any work of plumbing unless he shall have first obtained a license in accordance with the provisions of said chapter 103, and have registered his name and place of business in the office of the city engineer and inspector of buildings for the city of North Adams.

PLANS OF PLUMBING AND HOUSE DRAINAGE TO BE APPROVED.

SEC. 2. The plumbing and drainage of all buildings, public and private, shall be executed in accordance with plans and specifications previously submitted to and approved in writing by both the inspector of buildings and inspector of plumbing.

Plans and specifications of such plumbing and drainage shall, in each case, be submitted upon blanks in such form as the city engineer and inspector of buildings shall order, and the same shall be placed on file in the city engineer's office.

No person shall proceed to construct, add to, or alter any portion of the plumbing or drainage system of a building, except in case of repair of leaks, as prescribed in section 7, chapter 103, of the Revised Laws, until the owner, builder, or other person constructing the same has filed with the city engineer and inspector of buildings a plan thereof showing such part as may be required of the entire drainage system, from its connection with the common sewer, or from its point of discharge to its terminus in the building, together with the location and sizes of all branches, traps, ventilating pipes and fixtures. No person shall commence work on such drainage or plumbing until the plans and specifications are approved, as indicated above, by both the inspector of buildings and the inspector of plumbing, and not until permit for said drainage or plumbing work has been granted by the inspector of buildings. After a plan or piece of work has been once approved no alteration of either shall be allowed except on a new application and permit as provided in this section. Plans and specifications submitted shall be approved or rejected as soon as possible, and at latest within 48 hours after the application has been made.

SEC. 3. The application for the approval of any certain plumbing or drainage system as provided in section 2 shall be made by the owner of the premises on which said system is to be constructed, or by one duly authorized by him in writing to make such application. It shall always contain the name of the plumber who shall superintend, have charge of, or execute such plumbing, and said plumber shall, at the time of doing such work, be duly licensed as a master or employing plumber, according to the provisions of chapter 103 of the Revised Laws.

HOUSE CONNECTION.

SEC. 4. Every building connected with the public sewer shall be separately and independently connected. The drainage of one house shall not be connected with nor pass through the cellar of another.

Any exception to this section can only occur by a special permit granted by the board of health, inspector of buildings, and the inspector of plumbing.

SIZE AND KIND OF PIPE.

Sec. 5. All soil, waste, or vent pipes shall be of sufficient size and weight when within a building and for a distance of at least 10 feet outwardly from the inside face of the foundation walls or sills, shall be made of cast iron, except that lead pipes may be used for short connections, and wrought-iron galvanized pipe may be used in some the interior piping if so shown on the approved plans and specifications. The iron

if cast shall be of best quality, known as extra heavy, of uniform thickness throughout, and shall have an average weight of not less than that below specified.

The iron, if wrought, shall be of a quality known as standard wrought and, if used, shall have its connections made by the Durham system fittings or an approved equivalent. By being so specified in the permit a standard weight cast-iron pipe may be used to repair a standard weight, or to extend, for ventilation to the roof, an old standard weight pipe. This shall never be allowed unless so specified in the permit and is considered necessary or advisable by inspectors granting the same.

HOUSE DRAIN-EXTERIOR.

SEC. 6. That portion of the house drain which is outside the building and more than 10 feet outwardly from the inside face of the foundation walls shall be constructed of extra heavy cast-iron soil pipe or of the best quality vitrified drain pipe with carefully cemented joints.

No house drain or private sewer shall pass under another house, and if within 5 feet of the outer line of any cellar wall it shall be made of extra heavy cast-iron pipe with thoroughly calked oakum and lead joints. No such pipe, connecting the interior house-drainage system with the sewer shall have a fall of less than one-quarter of an inch to each foot if that or a greater fall can be secured. The grade, size, and alignment shall always be subject to the approval of the city engineer and inspector of buildings.

HOUSE DRAIN-INTERIOR.

SEC. 7. That portion of the house drain which is inside the building shall have a fall of not less than one-half inch for each foot of its length if this is possible; and in no case shall it have a fall less than one-quarter inch to each foot. All pipes shall be frequently and firmly supported. Iron pipe in the cellar, if hung to the floor timbers, must be hung by strong iron hangers placed at intervals not greater than 5 feet. Such hangers, for a 4-inch pipe shall have a cross section not less than 1 inch by one-eighth inch, and be firmly attached to the timber at both ends, or an iron hanger attached at only one end may be used if it provides the same supporting strength as the above. The pipe may run along the cellar wall supported on masonry piers. It may be buried in a dirt cellar bottom if from its place of passing through the wall a satisfactory grade may be had to the sewer; or in a masonry cellar bottom it may be placed in a substantial masonry box large enough to admit good calking all around, and provided with a cover that may be easily removed.

Care must be taken to protect the pipe from any pressure of the cellar wall at the place of passing through the same.

SOIL-PIPE ANGLES.

SEC. 8. All branches of soil or waste pipe, 15 feet or more in length, shall extend undiminished in size, 2 feet above the roof, and not less than 5 feet above the top of any window situated within 15 feet. Each of such pipes to have an open top allowing unobstructed circulation of air. They shall be supported above the roof if required. All changes in direction shall be made with curved pipes, and all connections with horizontal or vertical iron pipes, shall be made with Y branches, maintaining an angle

not greater than 45 degrees, or such other fitting as will center in the same relative proportions. This section shall not apply to air pipes where suitable T branches may be used if approved by the inspector.

PIPES COVERED.

SEC. 9. All drain, soil, or waste pipes shall be permanently exposed to sight where practicable, or, if necessarily placed within partition walls shall be covered with woodwork so fastened with screws as to be readily removed. In no case shall they be absolutely inaccessible. An exception to this section shall require a special permit granted by the board of health, inspector of buildings, and the inspector of plumbing.

CLEAN OUTS.

SEC. 10. Every right-angle turn in the drain, soil, or waste pipes, and every turn where practicable, shall be provided with suitable clean out, same size as drain where attached and provided with brass screw cover with packing. It shall be so made as to securely shut off escape of sewer gas. Traps used hereafter shall be provided with suitable accessible openings for cleaning purposes, and all such openings or clean outs shall be exposed to view. All traps depending on secret partitions to form a seal, and the trap cover with putty connections are prohibited.

TRAPS.

SEC. 11. Every sink, basin, bathtub, water-closet, wash tray, slop hopper, and every other fixture having a waste pipe, shall be furnished with a separate trap, which shall be placed as near as possible to the fixture it serves, except that when a set of bowls, or set of wash trays are close together, one trap may be used for them, but the trap must be within 3 feet from the most distant fixture that it is intended to serve. No traps shall be placed on vertical pipes. Wooden sinks or wash trays are prohibited unless rendered impervious to water.

VENTILATING TRAPS.

SEC. 12. All traps shall be protected from siphonage or air pressure by special castiron or lead air pipes of a size not less than the waste pipe they serve; said pipe shall be connected with the crown of the trap on its downward side. The diameter of back vent for S water-closets shall be not less than 2 inches internal diameter, for one or for two closets, but for any number exceeding two closets, the diameter shall be not less than 3 inches.

Ventilating pipes from any trap other than a water-closet discharge shall be of diameter not less than the pipe they serve, and whenever two or more of such ventilating pipes are connected the diameter of the same after the connection shall not be less than 2 inches.

All antisiphon or vent pipes of water-closets shall be connected in the bend beneath the floor as near as possible to the water-closet. The highest water-closet or sink, when within 3 feet of main soil pipe may be put in without antisiphon vent pipe. All water-closets and slop hoppers within a building, using lead connections, shall have a cast-brass flange, not less than three-sixteenths of an inch in thickness soldered to the lead pipe and the joint made with a putty of equal parts of white and red lead,

bolted to the closet.

If the necessary position of a trap causes ventilation of the same to be impracticable, a special permit may be granted to use an approved form of nonsiphon trap, if in the judgment of the inspector of buildings and the inspector of plumbing such an arrangement is necessary or advisable. In no other case shall a trap be placed without ventilation as provided above. Forms of nonsiphon traps, and of water-closets that may be used are at all times subject to the regulations of the board of health.

VENTILATING PIPES.

SEC. 13. Air pipes shall run as direct as practicable and shall have such continuous slope as to avoid collecting water by condensation. Two or more air pipes may be connected as provided in section 12. They may be continued directly to and through the roof, when the diameter shall not be less than 3 inches and its opening shall be subject to the same regulations as provided for soil-pipe openings in section 8. Instead of extending through the roof, air pipes may, if favorably located, be connected with the soil pipe above the highest fixture discharging into the same. Sewer, soil, or waste pipe ventilators, shall not be constructed of brick, sheet metal, rearthenware, and chimney flues shall not be used as such ventilators.

LOCAL VENT.

SEC. 14. Every water-closet shall be provided with a separate local vent unless otherwise permitted in the approved plans and specifications. The material of such vent shall be copper, galvanized iron, or cast iron, and its diameter shall not be less than 2 inches. It shall be carried upward and into a heated flue, if one is provided for the purpose, and if there is no heated flue it shall be entered into the kitchen chimney at a point to be approved by the inspector. An exception to the foregoing may be made when several closets are set close together in the same apartment, the local vents may be connected together before entering the flue or chimney. The diameter for one closet to be not less than 2 inches, for two and not more than four closets 3 inches, and for any number exceeding four closets a proportionally increased diameter.

SIZE OF WASTE.

SEC. 15. When two and not more than six fixtures, such as sinks, bowls, baths, or wash trays are used on one line, the waste pipe must be of cast iron, and not less than 2 inches in diameter; for any number exceeding six the waste pipe shall have a diameter of not less than 3 inches. No pipe less than 1 inches in diameter shall be used for waste, vent or flush pipes.

NUMBER OF CLOSETS.

SEC. 16. There shall be in all houses, blocks, or buildings for the employment of labor a separate water-closet for each tenement, and at least one water-closet for every 25 persons living, occupying, or being employed therein, conveniently located and constantly supplied with water.

WATER-CLOSET TANK.

SEC. 17. Every water-closet hereafter constructed shall be supplied with water from a special tank or cistern not used for any other purpose, and holding not less than 5 gallons, unless permission has been first obtained from the board of health to use other fixtures. The closet shall in all cases be separately and independently connected with the general or common drain of the house. The use of the pan or plunger closet is prohibited.

When necessary to renew any fixture from local cause, and all other parts of the house plumbing are in good condition, such fixture of approved make may be substituted without additional ventilation or alteration of the sewer system by special permission of the board of health; after such fixture has been placed the smoke or other test, if directed, to be applied to the entire plumbing of the building.

WATER-CLOSETS IN HOUSE.

SEC. 18. Water-closets must never be placed in an unventilated room or compartment. They shall, when practicable, be located in an apartment with a window of suitable dimensions leading directly to the outer air. When otherwise located the