foods to disclose their trade formulas, except in so far as the provisions of this bill may require to secure freedom from adulteration or imitation. Fourth. Where the food, beverage, condiment or drug is unavoidably mixed with some harmless extraneous matter in the process of collection or preparation: Provided further, That no retailer shall be convicted under the provision of this Act when he is able to prove a written guaranty of purity, in a form approved by the Secretary of Agriculture, as published in his rules and regulations, signed by the wholesaler, jobber, manufacturer, or other party from whom he purchased said articles. Said guaranty shall contain the full name and address of the party or parties making the sale to the retailer, and said party or parties shall be amenable to the prosecutions, fines, and other penalties which would attach in due course to the 'retailer under the provisions of this Act.

Sec. 7. That the Secretary of Agriculture is hereby authorized to cause all compound, mixed, or blended products to be properly branded and prescribe how this shall be done. Sec. 8. That it shall be the duty of the Secretary of Agriculture to call upon the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, and such physicians, not less than five, as the President of the United States shall select from the Medical DeDepartment of the Army, the Navy, and the United States Marine Hospital, and five chemists to be selected by the American Chemical Society, to determine jointly the standard of all food products (within the meaning of this Act), and when so determined such standards shall guide the chemists of the Department of Agriculture in the performance of the duties imposed upon them by this Act, and shall remain the standards before all courts. It shall be the duty of the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists and the medical officers before mentioned to confer with and consult the duly accredited representatives of all industries for which standards shall be established under the provisions of this Act.

Sec. 9. That every person who manufactures for shipment and delivers for transportation from any State, Territory, or the District of Columbia, any drug, condiment, beverage, or article food, and every person who exposes for sale or delivers to a purchaser any drug, condiment, beverage, or article of food received from a State, Territory, or the District of Columiba other than the State, Territory, or the District of Columbia in which he exposes for sale or delivers such drug, beverage, or article of food, and which article is in the original unbroken package in which the same was received, shall furnish within business hours and upon tender and full payment of the selling price a sample of such drugs, condiments, beverages, or articles of food to any person duly authorized by the Secretary of Agriculture to receive the same, and who shall apply to such manufacturer or vender or person delivering to a purchaser such drug, beverage, or article of food for such sample for such use, in sufficient quantity for the analysis of any such article or articles in his possession. And

【in the presence of such dealer and an agent of the Department of Agriculture, if so desired by either party, said sample shall be divided into three parts, and each part shall be sealed by the seal of the Department of Agriculture. One part shall be left with the dealer, one delivered to the chemist of the Department of Agriculture, and one deposited with the United States district attorney for the district in which the sample is taken. Said manufacturer or dealer may have the sample left with him analyzed at his own expense, and if the results of said analysis differ from those of the chemist of the Department of Agriculture the sample in the hands of the district attorney shall be analyzed at the expense of the said manufacturer or dealer by a third chemist, who shall be appointed by the president of the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists of the United States, and the analysis shall be conducted in the presence of the chemist of the Department of Agriculture and the chemist representing the dealer, and the whole evidence shall be laid before the court.

Sec. 10. That any manufacturer or dealer who refuses to comply, upon demand, with the requirements of section nine of this Act shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be fined not exceeding one hundred nor less than ten dollars, or imprisoned not exceeding one hundred nor less than thirty days, or both. And any person found guilty of manufacturing, or offering for sale, or selling an adulterated, impure, or misbranded article of food, condiment or drug in violation of the provisions of this Act shall be adjudged to pay, in addition to the penalties heretofore provided for, all the necessary costs and expenses incurred in inspecting and analyzing such adulterated articles which said person may have been found guilty of manufacturing, selling or offering

for sale.

Sec. 11. That this Act shall not be construed to interfere with commerce wholly internal in any State, nor with the exercise of their police power by the several States.

Sec. 12. That any article of food, condiment or drug that is adulterated within the meaning of this Act, and is transported, or is being transported, from one State to another for sale, or if it be sold or offered for sale in the District of Columbia and the Territories of the United States, shall be liable to be proceeded against in any district court of the United States, within the district where the same is found, and seized for confiscation, by a process of libel for condemnation. And if such article is condemned as being adulterated, the same shall be disposed of as the said court may direct, and the proceeds thereof, if sold, less the legal costs and charges, shall be paid into the Treasury of the United States. The proceedings in such libel cases shall conform as near as may be, to proceedings in admiralty, except that either party may demand trial by jury of any issue of fact joined in such case, and all such proceedings shall be at the suit of and in the name of the United States.

The Congress then adjourned until 2:30 P. M.

THIRD DAY, FRIDAY, MARCH 4th, 1898.

AFTERNOON SESSION.

The delegates met at 2:30 P. M., and at 3 o'clock proceeded to the White House, where they were tendered a reception by President McKinley.

At 3:30 o'clock the Congress was called to order. Pres. Blackburn introduced Senator Allen, of Nebraska, who extended an invitation to the Pure Food and Drug Congress to hold its next meeting in the City of Omaha, Nebraska, sometime during the Trans-Mississippi Exposition. Captain Palmer of Nebraska seconded the invitation of Senator Allen, Mr. Flanders, of New York, introduced the following resolution: Resolved that the National Pure Food Congress, in session assembled, hereby endorse and respectfully request Congress to pass the bill known as H. R. 4584 Entitled "A Bill to Create State Trade-marks, and to protect Foreign and Interstate Commerce."

Mr. Flanders said that the Chairman of the Committee on Resolutions was not present, but a majority of the Committee have endorsed the resolutions and that the Bill referred to also had the endorsement of the Legislative Committee of the National Grange. He then stated that the provisions of the Bill provided for state trade-marks.

Some discussion arose as to the adoption of the resolutions of Mr. Flanders, and it was contended that tne Bill in question might conflict with the Brosius Bill.

Mr. Flanders assured the Congress that it was an entirely different bill along the same line, and under suspension of the rules the resolutions were adopted.

Dr. Frear, representing the Executive Committee, said, "I desire to bring back to this Congress the resolutions introduced by Mr. Perky with reference to the meeting of the Congress next June, during the life of the Trans-Mississippi Exposition, since it is a measure of considerable importance. The Executive Committee has been charged with fixing the date of calling together the Congress whenever it deems it expedient, but this particular resolution having in mind a phase of the work of this Congress not specifically contemplated in the call, nor specifically included in the work with which the Executive Committee is charged, it is deemed proper by the Committee to lay the matter before the Congress. In order to bring the matter before the Congress, I would move that the resolution be adopted.

Mr. Perky, Mr. Flanders, and Mr. Hollister spoke in favor of the resoution, which was then adopted.

Mr. Dye suggested that it would be wise for the delegates to send their names and post office addresses to the Corresponding Secretary, in order that they may be notified of the next meeting of the Congress.

On motion of Mr. Flanders of New York, a vote of thanks was tendered to Senator Allen of Nebraska, for the invitation he had extended and the Chairman was directed to officially notify the Senator of the acceptance of the invitation.

Mr. Perky then raised a question as to whether the Congress was a ]ermanent organization.

Mr. Frear said in reference to the question raised by Mr. Perky, that the resol tion introduced by the Executive Committee specifically con

templates some permancy of organization, and charges the Executive Committee with the duty of calling together the Congress whenever the Committee deem it expedient, and that they duly notify the members when the Congress should meet at Omaha.

Mr. Perky moved that the organization of the Congress be made permanent and that the officers elected should serve until their successors are elected and qualified. The motion was carried.

On motion of Mr. Dawley that the Congress elect a first Vice-President, Messrs. George L. Flanders, of New York, Mr. Hollister, of Wisconsin and Mr. Frank Hume, of Washington, were nominated.

Mr. Flanders and Mr. Hollister withdrew in favor of Mr. Hume, and he was unanimously elected first Vice-President.

The Congress then took a recess to meet at 8 o'clock at the National Hotel.

THIRD DAY, FRIDAY, MARCH 4th, 1898. EVENING SESSION.

Held at the National Hotel.

According to agreement, the Congress met at the National Hotel and were called to order at 8:30 P. M., with Mr. Frank Hume, first Vice-President, in the chair. Discussion of a general character as to methods of carrying out the purposes of the Congress by the Executive and Legislative Committees to secure the objects sought was had.

On motion of Mr. Wedderburn, Mr. Frank Hume, First Vice was added to the Executive Committee. This Committee was directed to draft for publication, a statement of the objects of the Congress. The Congress then adjourned until 8 A. M., Saturday morning.

FOURTH DAY, SATURDAY. MARCH 5, 1898.

The Congress met at theNational Hotel,and was called to order at8:45. A. M. by Prof. Wm. Frear, in the absence of the President and Mr. Perkey of Massachusetts, was chosen President pro tem. Prof. Frear from the Executive Committee read the Declarations prepared as directed by the Congress, which, after slight amendment, were adopted, as follows:

OBJECTS OF THE PURE FOOD AND DRUG CONGRESS.

The object of this Congress is to secure suitable legislation of a national character to prevent the adulteration of food, drinks and drugs, and to secure the enforcement of such laws; to secure and promote uniformity in State legislation, and in the rulings of the State departments.

To create and maintain a high public sentiment upon these important subjects, and to uphold and sustain all public officers charged with the enforcement of such regulations.

To promote a more general intelligence concerning the injury to health and to the business interests of honest producers, manufacturers, dealers and exporters, resulting from food adulteration, and concerning the importance of proper food, pure and properly prepared, to the health of the people.

And, to this end, we ask the co-operation of every one interested in the promotion of sound public morals, and in the protection of the public health.

Mr. Perky submitted some remarks and a series of resolutions which he stated he would present at Omaha. Mr. Wedderburn offered the following, which was adopted:

RESOLVED, That Mr. H. D. Perky be requested to furnish a copy of his remarks, and of the resolutions he intends offering at the Omaha meeting, for publication in the minutes

Speaking on the motion to adopt the committee's report on the objects of the Pure Food and Drug Congress, Mr. Perky in part said:

"I desire to call the attention of the Congress briefly to the proposition that while many speeches have been made by eminent men, legislators, statesmen, and scientifie gentlemen before this Congress, that all that was said seemed to express a desire that a law be passed which in its operation should make men honest. While I approve most heartily of the provisions of the proposed law, which shall compel manufacturers to properly label their manufactures according to the contents of the package, I was rather surprised that so intelligent a body of men as composed the Congress had not in some way given expression to their views as to what is proper food for man. All seemed to be satisfied with pure food, but pure food is not always proper food, whereas proper food is always pure food. I suggest to the committee that the report setting forth the objects of the Congress shall include the words proper food. A dog as well as a man may starve on pure food, but never on proper food. Proper food is made from naturally organized food products. Naturally organized food products, in the process of growth, extract from the earth and the air the properties and compound them in nature's laboratory, perfectly suited as a building material for the structure of man." Continuing, Mr. Perky said: "That there was some leading, general cause why almost everybody was sick, why 25% of the children of the country die under one year of age, and 33% under five years of age; why 95% per cent of the people who engage in business fail; why the country is strewn with tramps and drunkards, the jails and penitentiaries and asylums and almshouses are full. I suggest that the cause for these things is mainly because the people of this country do not understand the proposition that naturally organized food products make possible natural conditions and that there is no other way. I propose to introduce a resolution at the Pure Food Congress at Omaha, if I should have the honor of being presint, substantially as follows:

That naturally organized foods make possible natural conditions and that there is no other way, and we here give notice to that effect. We invite the freest discussion and hope our educated people and scientific men will go there prepared to controvert this proposition, if they do not accept it as correct.

I urge most earnestly the teaching in the public schools, as well as other educational institutions of the country, a thorough knowledge of food. First, in the primary school, along with the A. B. C. of the language should be taught the A. B. C. of food. If the mother does not know, and certainly she does not know what proper food is, the child may be able to teach the mother, if properly taught in the school. At present even the college professor is unable to tell you why he eats what he does,that is to say, why he selects the particular things he does, and does not select the other kinds of food. The American people, with a bountiful supply of naturally organized food products at their command, are starving on disorganized food products. It is due to man's attempt in his conceit to make a better food than nature provides. Until man in this respect overcomes his unnaturalness, he must suffer. Just in proportion as a person lives upon naturally organized food so is he a natural or normal person.

It is true that the leading works on dietetics written by gentlemen, the products of our own educational institutions, do not point out the way comprehensively to the mother how she may select the proper building material to build her child into natural and normal conditions and finally into true womanhood and true manhood. To prove the declarations here made, it became necessary to read the histories of the different civilizations of the world. However, abundant testimony was found to establish beyond peradventure, the correctness of the position we have taken. Everything possible that this Congress can do, should be done to encourage a public sentiment which will demand teaching upon these lines in the schools of our country. Therefore the work of the Congress is educational as well as to have laws passed which have for their object the making of men honest by the operation of law, which seldom accomplishes much."

RESOLUTIONS PROPOSED BY MR. PERKY.

WHEREAS, The schools, Colleges, and other educational institutions