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gle behind the keeper's house for men felons; on one side of which is a plain and neat chapel. The south quadrangle contains apartments for state prisoners, &c. ; a wall divides these from the women felons. The cells, built in addition to the old prison for condemned malefactors, continue for the same use at present. There are upon each of the three floors five; all vaulted, near nine feet high to the crown. Those on the ground floor measure full nine feet by six; the five on the first story are a little larger on account of the set-off in the wall; and the five uppermost still a little larger, for the same reason. In the upper part of each cell, is a window double grated, near three feet by one and a half. The doors are four inches thick. The strong stone wall is lined all round each cell with planks, studded with broad headed nails.In each cell is a barrack bedstead. 'I was told,' says Mr. Howard, by those who attended me, that criminals who had affected an air of boldness during their trial, and appeared quite unconcerned at the pronouncing sentence upon them, were struck with horror, and shed tears, when brought to these darksome solitary abodes."

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Miscellanea.

LEGAL ANECDOTES.
Some time since, at the Leices-
ter Assizes, Serj. Vaughan being
engaged in a cause where he had to
cross-examine a witness who was a
blunt Scotchman, and not being
very delicate or courteous in law
questions, the Scotchman, whose
ire had been excited, with great

is for you, going to your deaths, may be
stirred up heartily, to pray to God to
bestow his grace and merey upon you,
whilst you live. I beseech you, for Jesus
Christ his sake, to keep this night in
watching and prayer, for the salvation of
and place for mercy;
your own souls, while there is yet time
as knowing to-
morrow you must appear before the judg-
ment seat of your Creator, there to give
an account of all things done in this life,
sins committed against him, unless upon
and to suffer eternal torments for your
hearty and unfeigned repentance, you find
mercy, through the merits, death, and
passion of your only mediator and advo-
right hand of God, to make intercession
cate, Jesus Christ, who now sits at the
for as many of you as penitently return
to him.'

demned criminals pass by St. Sepulchre's
On the day of execution, as the con-
church, in their way to Tyburn, the fol-
lowing words were appointed to be
spoken:-All good people, pray heartily
unto God for these poor sinners, who are
now going to their deaths, for whom this
great bell doth toll.'

You that are condemned to die, repent

with lamentable tears; ask mercy of the
Lord, for the salvation of your own souls,
through the merits, death, and passion of
Jesus Christ, who now sits at the right
hand of God, to make intercession for as
many of you as penitently return unto
him.'

• Lord have mercy upon you;
'Christ have mercy upon you;
'Lord have mercy upon you;
• Christ have mercy upon you.'

The latter exhortation has been discontinued since the executions have taken place before the prison; and instead of the passing bell of St. Sepulchre's, one which belonged to St. John, Southwark, and sold by that parish, when they set up their new bells, was fixed on the top of Newgate, warns to prayers in the chapel, and is used as the knell for eriminals awaiting their wretched fate.

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A Mr. F. was making an application to the Vice Chancellor in the progress of a cause, on a Seal day, and it happening to be an application, of course, the Vice Chancellor told him, he might take his order, but being very deaf, he did not hear what had fallen from the court, and therefore proceeded with his application, and presently began to read from his brief to the following effect:-The testator, by his will, after certain bequests, proceeds as follows-(at this moment one of his brother barristers informed him the court had made the order, upon which, as if concluding the subject, he observed in the same strain) Thank your honour;' to the no small amusement of the court.

FLEMISH MODES OF BUDDING

OR GRAFTING ROSES.

Dr. Van Mons gives the following directions for performing these operations: For grafting, the method called by the English crown-grafting, is adopted, taking care that the slit in the stock and the face of the scion, be of just the same diameter; in which there is no difficulty if the slit in the stock be made on one side of its centre, when the scion is slenderer than itself. It is tied up and clayed as usual, only the material used for the latter purpose is of different composition from that employed in this country. It consists of marly clay mixed with old slaked lime, and moistened with white of egg, beat up with four or five

parts of water.”

Another composition for similar purposes is described, as 'white mas

tie made of Burgundy pitch, white wax, and boiled turpentine, with or without a little white size.

For budding roses in the spring, the bud is extracted from the scion with a portion of wood adhering to it. To prepare the stock, an incision is made in such a way that the wound exhibits the appearance of the letter T inverted, thus L. The bud is extracted from its scion in as nearly as possible the same form, and is carefully inserted in the wound in the stock; it must be well bound up, but claying is unnecessary. In eight days after the operation, the budded branch is cut back to within a few eyes of the bud, and when the latter has pushed its fifth leaf, it is stopped by having its extremities pinched off. The same operation is performed by cutting out a niche in the side of a stock, in a place where the bud is naturally formed, and by inserting therein, a bud of the plant to be increased, of the same form, as near as possible, as the portion of wood cut out of the stock. In this case the bud must be bound up, and smeared with mastic also.

For budding in June, it is necessary that the buds which are used, should be what is technically called sprung; that is to say, that they should have just begun to grow. Shoots from these buds will often flower the same year. In August or September, the operation of budding is practised upon unpruned trees, and upon the old wood. To cause roses to flower in the autumn, Van Mons recommends that the pruning the rose-bushes be deferred till their flower-buds just appear; and that they then be pruned in the manner usually performed during winter. This method is said to succeed perfectly; and is deserving the attention of those who are detained by the pleasures of London, till the roses have passed away from their parterres as well as from their cheeks.

GAINING A CAUSE.

The following curious issue of a criminal prosecution occurred lately in France:-At the moment that the President of the Tribunal de Laval was about to pronounce judgment on a fellow named Pivot, condemning him to six months imprisonment as a rogue and vagabond, the culprit, in a violent rage, snatched from his foot a clouted shoe, and launching it at the head of the Judges, bellowed out-You're all a pack of thieves and rascals, worse thieves than they of Mayenne.' Pivot was brought up for this outrage against the Court, and the pleadings were not a little singular. By the 228th article of the penal code, an individual accused of any deed of violence against the Judges when on the bench, is liable to the pillory, while, by the 222d, a verbal outrage is punishable at the discretion of the Court, by imprisonment from two to five years. The King's Advocate, who conducted the prosecution, dwelt strongly on the words, and put small stress on the actions of the accused. Pivot's advocate, on the contrary, dwelt powerfully on the shoe, and passed over the exclamation as smoothly as possible. If,' said he, your honours were not struck, it was not my client's fault, he aimed fair.' Pivot gained his cause and the pillory.

AMBERGRIS.

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The origin of this substance is involved in complete obscurity. All that we know of it is, that it is most commonly found in lumps floating on the ocean, sometimes adhering to rocks, sometimes in the stomach of fish-but whence does it come? by what process is it formed? Every body knows the history of that greasy - substance called adipocire-that on digging up the bodies in the cemetry of St. Innocent's at Paris, many of them were found in part converted into a substance resembling sperma

ceti; and that it has since been ascertained, that if the flesh of animals, instead of undergoing putrefaction in air, undergoes the slower changes which take place under water, in a running stream, it is gradually converted into this substance.

It is not an improbable conjecture, that ambergris is the flesh of dead fish which has undergone this change-that it is a marine adipocire. And this conjecture is corroborated by a fact which was lately stated in one of the American newspapers. A marine animal of gigantic size has lately been discovered and dug up in the neighbourhood of New Orleans, in the groove of one of whose bones was found a matter closely resembling ambergris. This animal, which is supposed to be extinct, had been buried for an incalculable time.

Scrapiana.

INDIAN KITES.

The flying of paper kites is a favourite amusement among the natives in every part of India. The kites have no tails, and bear some resemblance in shape to the ace of clubs. Matches are fought with them, and frequently for large sums, which he whose string is cut loses. A composition of pounded glass is rubbed over the string, to enable it to cut; and no small degree of skill and experience is requisite to manage one of these kites, and gain a victory. Delhi is celebrated for their manufacture.

Some time ago a young man of rather pleasing address, went into a public-house in Leeds, and called for a pint of ale, telling the landlord, however, that he had no money to pay for his beverage, but that while he was drinking it, he would disclose to him a secret of much more value than the trifling refreshment of which he was partaking. You

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must know, then,' said he, 'that I have had the misfortune lately to be confined in the House of Correction at Wakefield, where I was submitted to the discipline of the tread-mill, and where I learnt (and this is the secret I wish to communicate to you for your gevernment, if over you should come into that situation) that the place nearest the wall is by far the most easy;' and so saying he drank off his liquor, wishing his host a good morning.

Judge Aston had a fund of dry humour about him that in company engaged attention, and in an evening frequently enlivened his friends with many pleasing anecdotes.Speaking of a brother Judge, on his entrance into a country town, he informed us that his lordship had to encounter rather an unpolished High Sheriff (the world, then, perbaps, was not so highly refined as at present), and that after the usual opening of common topics, such as the roads and the weather, the High Sheriff began to feel himself a little more emboldened, and ventured to ask his lordship whether at the last place he had gone to see the Elephant? The Judge, with great good humour, replied, 'Why no, Mr. High Sheriff, I cannot say that I did, for a little difficulty occurred; we both came into town in form, with a trumpet sounding before us, and there was a point of ceremony to be settled, which should visit first.'

Original Poetry.

TO THE SKY LARK.

Bird of the free and fearless wing!
Up! up and greet the sun's first ray,
Until the spacious welkin ring

With thy enlivening matin lay!

I love to track thy heavenward way
Till thou art lost to aching sight,
And hear thy song as blithe and gay
As heaven above looks pure and bright.
Songster of sky and cloud! to thee

Has heaven a joyous lot assigned; And thou, to hear these notes of glee, Thou art the first to leave behind, Would seem therein thy bliss to find.

At day's return, this lower earth; And soaring, as on wings of wind, To spring whence light and life have birth.

Bird of the sweet and taintless hour! When dew drops spangle o'er the lea, Ere yet upon the bending flower

Has lit the busy humming bee; Pure as all nature is to thee,

Thou, with an instinct half divine, Wingest thy fearless flight so free

Up tow'rds a still more glorious shrine. Bird of the morn, from thee might man,

Creation's lord, a lesson take;
If thou, whose instinct ill may seem

The glories that around thee break,
Thus bidd'st a sleeping world awake
To joy and praise-Oh! how much

more

Should mind, immortal, earth forsake,

And man look upward to adore! Bird of the happy, heavenward song! Could but the poet act thy part,

His soul, upborn on wings as strong, As thought can give, from earth might start;

And he, with far diviner art

Than genius ever can supply, As thou, the ear, might glad the heart, And bring down music from the sky? B. Barton.

TO CORRESPONDENTS. We must again trespass on the indulgence of our Correspondents till next week.

MADAME VESTRIS.

This Day is Published, No. 1, Price 6d. The singular Life and Adventures of this celebrated Vocalist, from private and authentic sources; containing original Letters from Lord Petersham, Capt. Best, a Noble Marquis, and Mons. Vestris; and a number of curious Anecdotes relating to numerous distinguished personages, both on and off the Stage; particularly of an Illustrious Personage-Lady Lanesborough-Capt. Fullerton-Col. Cook-Earl of M-n & others. Embellished with peculiar En. gravings and an acknowledged Likeness: the whole forming a rich treat for the real Amateurs of volup tuous performances in the first piece of Amorous Biography in the English language.

Observe Published by J. Duncombe, 19, Little Queen.street, Holboru.

PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY JOHN DUNCOMBE, 19 LITTLE QUEEN STREET HOLBORN. Where all Communications (post-paid) for the Editor, are requested to be addressed; also by Sherwood, Gilbert and Piper, Paternoster-row; Mc Phun, Glasgow; Sutherland, Edinburgh; and of all other Booksellers and Newsmen.

OF

AMUSEMENT AND INSTRUCTION,

IN

History, Science, Literature, the Fine Arts, &c.

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THE TOOTH-DRAWER & THE CONJUROR'S MAN.

Miles chanced one day upon some business to go about six miles from home, and being loath to part with some company which he had, he was belated, and could get but half way home that night. To save his purse, he went to the house of an acquaintance of his master's; but, when he arrived, the good man of the house was not at home, and the woman refused to give him a lodging. Miles seeing such cold entertainment, wished that he had not troubled her; but, being now there, he was unwilling to go any further, and therefore endeavoured to persuade her to give him a lodging for that night. She told him, she would willingly do it if her husband were at home, but he being out of town, it would not be very creditable to her to lodge any man • You need not mistrust me," said Miles; lock No. 12.-N. S.

me in any place where there is a bed, and I will not trouble you till I rise in the morning. The woman, fearing that her husband would be angry if she denied so trifling a request to one of his friends, consented that he should remain there, if he would be locked up. Miles was contented, and presently went to bed; when he heard the door open, upon which he rose, and peeped through a chink of the partition, and saw an old man come in ; this man put down a basket which he had on his arm, and kissed the woman of the house three or four times. He then undid the basket, and pulled out of it a fat capon ready roasted, some bread, and a bottle of good old sack; these he gave to her, saying, 'Sweetheart, hearing thy husband was out of town, I am come to visit thee; I am not come empty handed, but have

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