Names of Places. 37 Abinger. 15 A binghall 28 Abington. pa Surrey Dorking.. 41 Guildford...10 | Ockley .pa Gloucester.. Newnham..6 Mitchel Dean 1 Monmouth .12 .pa Northam Northam... 2 Wellingboro .9 Moulton. ...3 6 Abington, Gt. & Lit. pa Cambridge.. Linton.....3 Cambridge...9 Newmarket. 12 6 Abington in the Clay pa Cambridge.. Royston ...5 Potton.......7 Cambridge.:15 23 Ab Kettleby..... ..pa Leiceister... MeltonMow.3 Leicester...16 Loughboro..13 108 15 Ablington... ..ti Gloucester.. | Fairford....5 Cirencester..7 Northleach ..7 85 10 Abney ham Derby Tideswell...5 Sheffield....14 Chapel-Frith 8 49 Above Sawdde....ham Caermar.... Llangadock 1 Llandovery..7 Llandilo Var. 8 22 Above Town. .div Lancashire Garstang..11 Burton.....11 Kirkby Lons.15 22 Abram Wigan. ....4 Bolton.......9 Chorley ....11 Bristol..... 8 Sodbury.....5 Marshfield...4 107 Towcester..3 Brackley....9 Banbury....15 63 Llantrissant 8 Bridgend.. .7 Cowbridge...1 173 Alford......2 Louth.. ..9 Horncastle..12 York.. ..4 Selby.. .8 Tadcaster....8 ..7 46 Acaster Selby 15 Abson with Wick.chao 21 Abthorp 54 Aburthin ...to Lancashire. Gloucester.. .chap Northam ... ...pa Glamorg 24 Aby.. ..pa Lincoln 46 Acaster Malbis. 22 Accrington, New....to ..pa W. R. York. 22 Accrington, Old..chap Lancaster tine monks. pa Northam . .5 Blackburn..4 Haslingden..5 Burnley.....8 208 .6 4 Thrapston..4 Oundle ..4 Kettering...12 3 .9 174 .11 1 74 ABINGDON. or the Town of the Abbey. This monastery, the monks of which were Monastery Benedictines, was founded by Cissa, an Anglo-Saxon monarch, in 675. of Benedic- During the reign of Alfred it was demolished by the Danes, and remained in ruins till King Edgar partly restored it, in 954. Ethelwold, the abbot at that time, erected and embellished the church, and his successors contributed to its increase. After the Conquest, the wealth and grandeur of the abbey were equal to any similar foundation in William the England. William the Conqueror kept Easter in the abbey, A.D. 1084; Conqueror and here was educated his youngest son, Henry, surnamed Beauclerc, kept Easter, afterwards King Henry I., in whose reign, one of the most eminent characters who received sepulture within the abbey, was the celebrated Jeffery of Moumouth, author of the British History,-a work, from which some of our best poets have derived materials for their sublime compositions. Shakspeare's Lear, and Milton's Comus, were both the abbey. supplied from Jeffery's history. He flourished in the reign of Henry I. and his son was edu cated here. Jeffery of Monmouth buried in Sir J. Mason, born here-his father a cow-herd. Quakers' school. Among the natives of Abingdon, whose talents have rendered their possessors eminent, was Sir John Mason, a statesman of the sixteenth century. His memory is the more worthy to be revered, because, from a very obscure origin, his genius and perseverance advanced him to the rank of privy-counsellor, ambassador to France, and cancellor of the University of Oxford. His father was a cow-herd and his mother, sister to one of the abbey monks, who attended to his early tuition, and sent him to Oxford, where he became a fellow of All Souls' college. While in this situation, the liveliness of his temper occasioned him to be chosen to compliment Henry VIII. on his visit to the University, in the year 1523, which being executed in a most graceful manner, engaged the favour of the monarch, who promoted him to the honourable offices above-mentioned. He died in 1566, and was buried in St. Paul's cathedral. Mail arrives 2.49 A.M., departs 12.10 A.M.-Fairs, 1st Monday in Lent, May 6, June 20, August 6, September 19, cattle; Monday before Old Michaelmas, statute, and December 11, horses and cattle.-Bankers, Knapp and Co., draw on Williams and Co.-Inns, Crown and Thistle, and Queen's Arms.--Markets, Monday and Friday. * ACKWORTH is a parish and township, in the upper division of Osgold Cross Wapentake, nominally divided into higher and lower Ackworth. It is celebrated for its Quakers' School, which was purchased in 1777, with eighty-five acres of land, from the trustees of Dist. Pupu- 45 29 Acomb East 17 Aconbury+ .chap Hereford Names of Places. County. Number of Miles from 27 Acle* Acomb. ...to Northumb.. .m. t. & pa Norfolk.... Norwich...11 Yarmouth...9 | Loddon .....8 121 820 201 882 275 36 21 Acrise 7 Acton 7 Acton 52 Acton 25 Acton. 29 Acton 36 Acton.. .pa Kent. .to & pa Chester .to Denbigh ..5 .9 190 42 Acton Beauchamp..pa Worcester.. Bromyard ..4 Worcester..11 Ledbury....10 122 the Foundling Hospital, and rendered a seminary for the children of the more humble class of Friends. The number of pupils, is one hundred and eighty boys, and one hundred and twenty girls. ACLE. Market, Thursday.-Fair, Wednesday before Michaelmas day. 381 ACKWORTH † ACONBURY. At this place a nunnery of the order of St. Augus- Nunnery. tine was founded by Margery, wife of Walter de Lacey, in the reign of King John. The Cliffords were large benefactors to this house, which, at the dissolution, possessed £75. 7s. 6d. per annum. There are some remains yet standing, occupied as a farm house. On the summit of Aconbury Hill, a bold and extensive eminence, well wooded, and commanding a charming view over the adjacent county, are traces of a large encampment. parliament ACTON BURNELL is celebrated for the remains of an ancient castle, founded by Robert Burnell, bishop of Bath and Wells, a man of eminent abilities, first treasurer, and afterwards chancellor of England, who was much employed by King Edward I. in Welsh affairs. He died at Berwick, in 1292, and was buried in the cathedral at Wells. The castle is a quadrangular building, with a square tower at each corner. The hall in which King Edward I. held his parliament, in 1283, was Edward 1. 183 feet long, by 41 broad, but the gable ends only remain. The held his Statutum de Mercatoribus enacted here, is from that circumstance better here in known as the Statute of Acton Burnell. The successor of the bishop, at 1283. the castle, was Sir Edward Burnell, son of Philip Burnell and Maud, daughter of Richard Arundel. He served in many actions in Scotland, under Edward I., and always appeared in great splendour, attended by a chariot decked with banners of his arms. He was summoned to parliament from the fifth to the eighth year of Edward the second's reign, and died in 1315. In 1346, the castle came into the possession of Nicholas Lord Burnell, who died in 1382, and is buried in the church under an altar tomb, inlaid with his effigy in brass. In the reign of Henry VI. the Lovell Lord Burfamily were in possession of this estate, which was forfeited by Lord nell's effigy Lovell, in consequence of his adherence to King Richard III. Henry the altar VII. being seated on the throne, granted Acton Burnell, together with tomb. other estates in this county, to Jasper Tudor, Earl of Bedford; after whose death it reverted to the crown, and Henry VIII. granted it to Thomas Howard, Earl of Surrey, distinguished for his valour at the battle of Flodden. Sir Humphrey Lee, of Langley, in this parish, was created in brass on a baronet, May 3, 1620. Acton Burnell Park is now the residence of Sir The seat of Edward Joseph Smythe, Bart. whose family have been seated here from Sir E. J. the time of Charles II., when Sir Edward Smythe, of Esh, in Durham, Smythe. created a baronet, Feb. 23, 1660, married the daughter and heiress of Sir Richard Lee, Bart. of Langley. The mansion, on a verdant lawn, bordered by a shrubbery, presents a handsome elevation of fine white stone, having a noble Ionic portico, under which is the carriage entrance. C Number of Miles from Warrington. 4 Northwich 10 Runcorn ....5 183 ..5. 5 Addington ACTON. custom. Dist. Popu 14 112 1372 154 152 17: 145 203 155 204 Wingham...3 Canterbury..6 Sandwich....6 .5 Behind the house is the deer park, on a finely wooded eminence, affording one of the most beautiful prospects in the county. The chapelry of Ruckley and Langley is in this parish. * ADDINGTON is on the borders of Kent. Addington Place, a seat erected by Alderman Trecothick, in 1772, was purchased in 1807, for the residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury. The manor of Addington is held by the feudal service of finding a man to make a mess, called Coronation Gerout, in the king's kitchen, at the coronation, and serving it up in his own person at Westminster Hall. In the reign of William_the Conqueror, Addington appears to have been held by Tezelin, cook to the king, which accounts for the origin of the required culinary service. The Archbishop of Canterbury is now the claimant of the service alluded to. Near the village is a curious cluster of tumuli, or mounds of earth raised over the bodies of the slain, about twenty-five in number, of inconsiderable height. One of them is nearly forty feet in diameter, two are about half that size, and the rest very small. Cluster of tumuli. Roman architecture. Boundary between Yorkshire and Lincolnshire. † ADDLE. The church in this town is considered to be one of the most perfect specimens of Roman architecture remaining in England. In 1702, the traces of an ancient Roman town, with fragments of urns, and of an aqueduct of stone were found in the adjacent moor. ADDLINGFLEET. A parish and township in the lower division of Osgold Cross, including the townships of Fockerby, Haldenby, and Eastoft. The village is situated very near the junction of the Trent with the Humber, the latter river being one of the largest in the kingdom, formed by the united waters of the Trent, Ouse, Derwent, Aire, and other minor streams. At this part it is about a mile broad, it is the Abus of Ptolemy. It runs towards the east, washing the port of Hull, where it receives the river called by the same name; from thence, taking a south-easterly direction, it expands itself into an estuary nearly seven miles across, and mingles with the German ocean. This river, which, with very few exceptions, receives all the waters of Yorkshire from the Ouse, and the greater part of those from the midland counties from the Trent, commands the inland navigation of very extensive and commercial parts of England; namely, those of the Mersey, Dee, Ribble, Severn, Thames, and Avon; it also forms the boundary between Yorkshire and Lincolnshire. Dist Popu Lond lation. Names of Places. County. 7 Adlington. ..to Cheshire 22 Adlington* .....to Lancaster 24 Addlethorpe...to & pa Lincoln 15 Adlestrop 22 Admarsh 5 Adstock. 28 Adstone. Number of Miles from Macclesfield 6 | Stockport....6| Altringham.10 172 1066 .pa Gloucester.. Stow 8 Advent Camelford..2 Bodmin 45 Adwaltont 31 Adwell.. ..pa .ham W. R. York. 7 Agden.. 43 Agelthorpe Bradford...4 Leeds Seat of Sir. Bart. * ADLINGTON. Through this township runs the Leeds and Liverpool Canal. It contains several coal mines. Adlington Hall, the seat of Sir Robert Clayton, Bart., was rebuilt about 1780; it stands in a Clayton, low situation, on the borders of an extensive park, and contains some very good pictures, amongst which is a head of Charles I., taken after death. Ellerbeck Hall is the seat of John Hodson, Esq. In this neighbourhood is Park Hall, the seat of R. P. German, Esq. The inhabitants of Adlington are chiefly employed in the cotton manufactories of the vicinity. + ADWALTON formerly possessed a market which is now disused. On Adwalton Moor, a battle was fought, in 1642, between Battle the Earl of Newcastle, commanding for the king, and the parliamentary fought here general, Lord Fairfax, in which the latter was defeated. Fairs, February 6, March 9, Easter Thursday, Thursday fortnight after Easter, WhitThursday; and every second Thursday thence to Michaelmas, for lean cattle; November 5, and December 23. in 1642. St. AGNES is situated on the Bristol Channel. The town and parish, including a considerable mining district, is thickly strewed with the cottages of the miners. It is more frequently called Lighthouse Island, from a very high and strong lighthouse erected here, to warn very high the mariner from the rocks, which are more numerous about this than and strong any other of the Scilly Islands. This building is upwards of sixty lighthouse. feet high, and stands on the most elevated ground. The light is produced by twenty-one parabolic reflectors of copper, plated with silver, and having each an argand lamp in its focus. The reflectors are disposed of in three clusters, of seven in each cluster, and the frame in which they are fixed stands perpendicularly to the horizon, on a shaft united to a machine below, which makes the whole revolve every two minutes. By this motion the light progressively sweeps the whole horizon; and by its gradual intermission and increase, it is readily distinguished from any other. Its brilliancy is also extraordinary; and by these combined efforts its benefits are greatly increased, as the seaman is at once rendered completely sensible of his situation. This light was designed by the ingenious Mr. Adam Walker, (lecturer on natural and experimental philosophy,) under whose inspection it was constructed. The lighthouse itself is of stone, and was erected, as appears from an inscription over the door, by Captain Hugh Till, and Captain Simon Bayley, in the year 1680. The charges attending the light are defrayed by the Trinity House. At St. Agnes is a pilchard St. Agnes' fishery. St. Agnes' Beacon, six hundred and sixty-four feet above beacon. the level of the sea, is formed out of an ancient cairn, or tumulus of stones; near which, a summer-house has been built, from whence is a fine view of St. Ives, and an extensive sea prospect. Near the same St. AGNES. of John Opie. th painter. First attempts at portrait painting. Genius fos Walcot. Anecdotes of Opie. spot is St. Agnes' Well, of which many miraculous stories are in circulation, from its presumed holy and sanative properties. Birthplace This place gave birth to John Opie, whose persevering genius advanced him to the highest rank in his profession. He was born at Harmony Cot, in May 1761. The opening years of his existence indicated that he must plod through life in the dull occupation of a carpenter, as successor to his father and grandfather. He distinguished himself at a very early period, for originality and strength of mind, and at twelve years of age commenced an evening school in St. Agnes, teaching arithmetic and writing, and reckoning amongst his scholars some who had nearly doubled his years. His first humble attempts at portrait painting were with a smutty stick, against the white-washed wall of his paternal cottage, where he exhibited, in dark colours, very striking likenesses of the whole family. His next step was to draw with ochre on cartridge paper. He was apprenticed to his father, but from some unascertainable cause was turned over to a sawyer; and it was literally in the bottom of a saw-pit that Dr. Walcot, better known by the appellation of Peter Pindar, (who had previously seen and admired some of Opie's rude drawings,) first beheld this untutored tered by Dr. child of genius, under whose patronage he was protected, and his fame promoted. After visiting Exeter, (where he was persuaded to change his surname, which originally was Hoppy, to that of Opie,) finding his success was commensurate with his abilities, it was soon determined they should be brought to act in a wider sphere; and, in 1780, the Doctor and his pupil repaired to London, where not agreeing as to the mode of living together, they separated, and although their attachment had been cemented by long-continued kindness, subsequently to this period, yet they were never after cordially united. The opinion Õpie entertained of the services which he had received from the Doctor, may be gathered from the following curious note of hand, which was said to be in the possession of the latter: "I promise to paint, for Dr. Walcot, any picture or pictures, he may demand, as long as I live; otherwise, I desire the world will consider me as a....... ungrateful son of a John Opie." It is not certain that he ever deviated from this voluntary obligation, but it is matter of pleasant remark, that he always made his friend pay eighteen-pence for the canvass! Opie was as fortunate in London as he had been at Exeter. To Pindar, however, he was indebted for his introduction to public notice. Through him his pictures were shown to Mrs. Boscawen, by whom Opie was introduced to the late Mrs. Delaney, who procured for him the notice of King George III. An opportunity was contrived for the royal family to see his picture of the The Old Beggar Man; soon after which, Opie was honoured with a command to repair to Buckingham House. The artist's account of this interview was given in the following characteristical manner to Walcot, who has often been heard to relate it with great humour. "There was Mr. West," said Opie, "in the room, Opie's rela- and another gentleman. First, her majesty came in; and I made a sad mistake in respect to her, till I saw her face, and discovered by her features that she was the queen. In a few minutes his majesty came hopping in. I suppose," said Opie, "because he did not wish to frighten me. He looked at the pictures and liked them; but he whispered to Mr. West-tell the young man I can only pay a gentleman's price for them."" The picture which his majesty bought was that of A Man Struck by Lightning. The price given was £10, with which Opie returned to the Doctor full of spirits. His friend, when he heard the story, said, 66 Why, John, thou hast only got £8. for thy picture." Indeed, but I have though," cried Opie, "for I have got the £10. safe in my pocket." On this he showed him the money. "Aye," rejoined the Doctor, "but dost thou know his majesty Introduc tion to the King. tion of his interview with royalty. Royal eco- whispered nomy. 66 .... |