100 The NEW JERSEY SETTLEMENTS PROSPER. P'T. II. 5. Penn divided West Jersey into one hundred PD. I. shares, which were separately disposed of, and then, CH. IV. in that spirit of righteousness, whereby he won the confidence of all, he drew up the articles called "the concessions." By these, the proprietors ceded to the "conces planters, the privileges of free civil government; exsions." pressly declaring "we put the power in the people." Religion was left free, and imprisonment for debt prohibited. In two years eight hundred new settlers came over, mostly quakers; persons of excellent character, and good condition. 1683. 6. In 1682, East Jersey, the property of Carteret, 24 Qua- being exposed to sale, Penn purchased it for twelve kers buy quakers. In 1683, these proprietors doubled their Jersey. number, and obtained a new patent from the Duke of York. East 7. East Jersey was now free from religious intolerance. This was the era of those civil wars of Great Britain, in which the English royal officers, hunted the Cameronian Scots, like wild beasts. Hundreds of the sufferers now came to East Jersey, and there, bringing their industrious and frugal habits, they were blessed with security, abundance, and content. 1678. 8. Sir Edmund Andros, when governor of New Andros York, under pretence of the claims of the Duke of York, usurped the government both in East and West Jersey, and laid a tax upon all goods imported, and upon the property of all who came to settle in the country. in the Jerseys Penn is also. 9. Penn received complaints of these abuses, and 1680 with such strength of argument opposed the claims of there the duke, that the commissioners, to whom the case was referred, adjudged the duties to be illegal and oppressive. In consequence of which, in 1680 they were removed, and the proprietors reinstated in the government. 10. Edward Billinge was appointed by the proprie 5. How did Penn proceed in regard to West Jersey?-6. Ho did Penn come to have any thing to do with East Jersey? Ho did East Jersey proprietors now proceed?-7. What was the state of this colony? Who came to it ?-8. What did Sir Ed mund Andros ? 9. What did William Penn?-10. Whor did the proprietors appoint? UNIV. OF THE DOWNFAL OF A CHIEF. lors, governor, and in the next year, 1681, he sum- P'T. II. moned the first general assembly held in West Jersey: P'D. I. In 1682, the people, by the advice of Penn, amended CH. V. their government. Contrary to the wishes of the pro- 1681. prietors, the next year they proceeded to elect their First own governor. general assembly CHAPTER V. Miantonomoh-Rhode Island and Connecticut obtain Charters- 1. DURING the reign of Puritanism in England, the New England colonies enjoyed a happy season of liberty and peace. This was occasionally interrupted, by fears of the savages, who sometimes manifested their warlike propensities. Sometimes they attacked and destroyed each other. 4 Mianto 2. Miantonomoh sought the life of Uncas, because he was aware that he could not make him unite in a conspiracy, which he was exciting against the whites. 1643 A Pequod whom he hired, wounded the Mohegan nomoh chief, and then fled to him for protection. He refused seeks the surrender the assassin to the demand of the court Uncas. at Hartford, but dispatched him with his own hand. life of 3. Miantonomoh drew out his warriors openly against Uncas, in violation of a treaty, to which the authorites of Connecticut were a party. Uncas met loses and vanquished him by a stratagem, and took him hom prisoner; but he resigned him to the court. They deliberated, and then returned the noble savage to his captor. Uncas killed him,-without torture, but with circumstances of cannibal barbarity. 10. What did Billinge in 1681? What did the people the next yea? The next after this? CHAPTER V-1. How did the reign of Puritanism in Englana affect New England?-2. Give an account of the beginning o the war between Miantonomoh and Uncas ?-3. Of the close of the contest? V P'D. I. 1651. 'CHARTERS. P'T. II. 4. Roger Williams was now the Father of Rhode Island, as he had formerly been the Founder. He CH. V. twice crossed the ocean, and at length succeeded in obtaining a charter, including the islands, and confirming the limits of the state, as they now exist. Rhode first in Island, if not great in territory, is rich, in the fame of religious having been the first to set the example, since follow3 ed by the nation at large, of entire "soul-liberty" in matters of religion. R. Island 5. When Charles II. was restored, his power was acknowledged in New England; but the colonies had melancholy forebodings. Yet the authorities of Connecticut, by the eminent Winthrop, even at this difficult period, successfully applied to the court of England for a charter. They plead, that they had obtained obtains a their lands, by purchase, from the natives, and by conquest from the Pequods, who made on them a war of extermination; and they had mingled their labor with the soil. 1662. charter. 6. Winthrop appeared before the king with such a gentle dignity of carriage, and such appropriate conversation, as won the royal favor. It is said he brought Win- to the mind of Charles some interesting recollections, throp and the by the present of a ring, which had been given to his grandfather as a pledge, by an ancestor of the monarch. ring. 7. The king granted a liberal charter, which included New Haven. That province, however, had not been consulted, and justly felt aggrieved; as a relinquish1665. ment of its separate existence was thereby required. New But at length, the great expediency of the measure united becoming fully apparent, the union of New Haven with Connecticut was completed. Winthrop was chosen governor. He received seventeen annual elec Haven with Conn. tions. 8. Colonel Nichols, who was sent over to command the expedition against New Netherlands, was one of 4. What charter was obtained for Rhode Island? For what is Rhode Island distinguished?-5. By whom did the people of Connecticut apply for a charter? What reasons did they plead?-6. How did Winthrop behave?-7. What kind of a charter was obtained? How was it with respect to New Haven? Who was chosen governor ?-8. What can you say of Colonel Nichols ? L. four commissioners, who had been appointed by the PT. II. king, not only for conquering the Dutch, but for hum- P'D. I. bling the colonies. The people felt much aggrieved. CH. v. Massachusetts resisted every exercise of their power, Nichols, and two of their number, Carr and Cartwright, left Maver ick, Carr the country in high displeasure. and Cart 9. This was the period of the labors of John Elliot, wright. called the apostle of the Indians. He beheld with pity the ignorance and spiritual darkness of the savages, and determined to devote himself to their conversion. J. Elliot. He first spent some years in the study of their language. The General Court of the province passed an order requesting the clergy to report the best means 1646 of spreading the gospel among the natives; and Elliot Elliot's took this occasion to meet with the Indians at Nonan- meeting tum, a few miles west of Boston. His meetings for religious worship and discourse were held, whenever favorable opportunities could be found or made. first with the Indians. 10. His efforts to teach the natives the arts and usages of civilized life, were also unremitted and arduous; "for civility," it was said, "must go hand in hand with Christianity." These efforts and their effects, exhibit the children of the forest in a most in- Indians teresting point of view, and show the transforming conver power of the gospel. Their dispositions and lives underwent a real change. Some of their numbers became teachers, and aided in the conversion of others. ed. 11 13 11. In 1655, Elliot had completed his translation of the New Testament into the Indian language, and in two years more the old was added. Thus the mighty labor of learning the difficult tongue of the Indians, 1657. of making from its oral elements, a written language, Elliot 3 and that of translating the whole Bible, was, by zeal pletes his and persevering labor, accomplished. It was the first transla Bible printed in America. But both the Indian and the Bible his language are now extinct, and Elliot's Bible is a mere literary curiosity. 8. How did the people feel? Which colony resisted? What did two of the commissioners?-9. What was John Elliot called? Give an account of the beginning of his labors? - 10. Did Elliot teach the natives any thing but religion? What success had he?-11. What great labor did Elliot perform in respect to the Bible? com tion of 3 -H 10 VIMU 104 PT. 11. P'D. I. THE GREAT INDIAN CHIEF. 12. In 1674, there were fourteen towns of "praying Indians," and six gathered churches. The Indian CH. VI. converts had much to encounter. Their great chiefs Number hated Christianity. Although it made their subjects of pray- willing to do the right, yet it set them to reflect; and Indians. thus to find out, that there was a right for them to have, 1674. as well as to do. This tended to subvert the absolute 3 ing arbitrary sway, which the sachem, however he might allow it to slumber, did actually possess; and which he naturally felt unwilling to relinquish. Of these chiefs, Philip of Pokanoket, was peculiarly the foe of the Christian religion. CHAPTER VI. King Philip's War.-Destruction of the Narragansetts and Pokanokets. 1. PHILIP was the younger of the two sons of Massasoit. He had become embittered against the English, by the death of his brother, which he ascribed to Philip's them; and though he was thus left sole chieftain of ment, the Pokanokets, yet he deeply felt his loss, and bitterly resented it. resent 2. The extension of the English had alarmed the savage nations. The new race, whom their fathers received, when a poor and feeble band, were now gradually spreading themselves over the land, and assuming to be its sovereigns. But the natives were yet Jealous numerous, and, by union, they might extirpate the and whites, and regain the country. Thus thought Philip, as he secretly plotted, to bring to pass, his cruel designs. Indians hostile. 12. How many towns were there of the "Praying Indians?" What feelings and opinions had the great chiefs? Who in par. ticular was hostile ? CHAPTER VI.-1. Why was Philip embittered against the Eng lish ?- 2. What alarmed the savages? What did Philip thi and do i |