140 THE TWO BROTHERS. P'T. JI. PD. IL CHAPTER VI. Extension of the French Empire.-New France. 1. PENSACOLA was settled by three hundred Spaniards from Vera Cruz. Scarcely were they established, CH. VI. when a fleet, under Le Moine d'Iberville, a Canadian Frenchman, who had been distinguished as a discoverer Pensaco- and a warrior, appeared along their coast, carrying a settled. several hundred persons, mostly from Canada. 1699. 2. The company at first erected their huts on Ship Island, near the entrance of Lake Borgne. After three weeks, d'Iberville proceeded with forty men, entered Feb. 3. the mouth of the Mississippi, and sailed up the stream, d'Iber- probably to Red river. On his return, he passed through ters the the bay, which bears his name, and the lakes which he called Maurepas and Pontchartrain, to the bay of St. Louis. On the small bay of Biloxi he erected a fort, and around it his few emigrants were planted. ville en Miss. 1702. 3. Leaving them under the command of his brother, Mobile Bienville, he went to France. The climate proved founded. fatal to numbers, and in 1702, the chief fortress was transferred to the western bank of the Mobile, where was made the first European settlement in Alabama. 4. In 1716, Bienville went up the Mississippi, and 1716. built Fort Rosalie, on the site of Natchez,-the oldest Natchez European settlement of the grand valley, south of the founded. Illinois. False ideas of the wealth of Louisiana had New been spread in France, for purposes of land speculation; and in 1718, three ships came over, bearing 1718. eight hundred emigrants, who founded a city, and in Orleans honor of the regent of France, named it New Orleans. By this occupancy, as well as by discovery, France laid claim to Louisiana. founded. CHAPTER VI.-1. When was Pensacola settled? What fleet soon appeared?-2. Where did the company first stop? Where did d'Iberville then go? Describe, and trace on the map, his route and return. Where were his emigrants planted?-3. With whom did he leave the command? To what place was the settlement transferred ?-4. What was done in 1716? To what cause was the settlement of New Orleans owing? On what did France found her great claims? THE SEEDS OF THE REVOLUTION. 141 сн. ги. 1713. 5. The French built a fort at Niagara. A colony of PT. II. one hundred was led to Detroit, as early as 1701, by P'D. II. De La Motte Cadillac, and another in 1712, by Anthony Crozat, who had obtained from Louis XIV., a patent for the exclusive trade of Louisiana. Since the discoveries of the Jesuits, the French had been in possession of the various western routes from the St. New France. Lawrence to the Mississippi. Chicago, Vincennes, and Kaskaskia, were, at the close of this period, growing settlements. CHAPTER VII. Controversy in Massachusetts, respecting a fixed salary for the royal governor. 1. THE free institutions of the colonies, again alarmed the English government. Massachusetts was ever the least submissive to the royal will. A contro- 1702 versy between that colony and the parent state now Mass. began, which led to the war of the revolution. The troublemain subject was a fixed salary for the royal governor, subject which the English sovereign directed that officer to require; but which, this colony, for a series of years, resolutely refused to pay. some rass 2. Massachusetts, to defray the expenses of the war, had made such large emissions of paper money, that gold and silver were banished from the province. The Embar paper depreciated, and the usual commercial evils en- ments. sued. The attention of the colony being directed to remedy these evils, a public bank was instituted; in Public which the faith of the government was pledged for the Bank value of the notes. The profits accruing from the 5. What other places were founded by the French soon after? CHAPTER VII.1. Which of the colonies was most prone to dispute the royal will? What did the English government instruct their governors to require? How did the colony resist this demand?-2. Give an account of the institution of a public bank. C ว่า 142 ROYAL GOVERNORS TROUBLED PT. II. bank, were to be applied for its support. Fifty thou sand pounds, in bills of credit, were issued. P'D. II. CH. VII. 3. The bank, however, failed of its desired effect makes worse. 4. In 1728, Mr. Burnet, who had been removed from the magistracy of New York, was appointed to 1728. that of Massachusetts and New Hampshire. >He was Burnet instructed by his sovereign to insist on a fixed salary. made The general court resisted, and postponed a decisive of Mass. answer. They voted Governor Burnet the unusual N H. sum of one thousand seven hundred pounds; three governor and court hundred for his travelling expenses, and fourteen hundred for his salary. He accepted the appropriation for his expenses, but rejected that for his salary. 5. The people of Boston took a lively interest in the dispute, and the governor, believing that the geneRemove ral court were thus unduly influenced, removed them from to Salem. Continuing firm to their purpose, he kept Salem. the court in session several months beyond the usual time, and refused to sign a warrant on the treasurer for the payment of the members. Boston to 6. In April, 1729, after a recess of about three months, the general court again convened at Salem, but proving refractory on the subject of the salary, 1729. the governor adjourned them, and they met at CamBurnet bridge in August. Unable to make any impression, Burnet felt so severely the difficulties of his position, that he sickened with a fever, and died on the 17th of September. dies. 7. His successor, Mr. Belcher, who arrived at Bcston in August, 1730, renewed the controversy; but the 3. What was the effect of emitting so much paper money?-4. Who was made governor of Massachusetts in 1728? What was done by the governor, and the court, in reference to a fixed salary-5. What removal did the governor make?-6. What was done respecting the salary in 1729? What effect had these troubles on the governor? aq court, after two or three sessions, succeeded with him, PT. IL 1730. 1719 8. In 1719, more than one hundred families emigrated from the north of Ireland, and settled in the London town of Londonderry, in New Hampshire. They in- derry troduced the foot spinning-wheel, the manufacture of linen, and the culture of potatoes. settled. Aurora 9. A phenomenon, singular at the time, and not yet satisfactorily explained, alarmed the people of New England in 1719. This was the Aurora Borealis, first Borealis. noticed in the country, on the night of the 17th of December. Its appearance, according to the writers of the day, was more calculated to excite terror than later appearances of the same kind. 10. In 1723, a fort was built on Connecticut river, 1923. in the present town of Brattleborough, under the di- First setrection of lieutenant governor Dummer, of Massachu- tlement setts, and hence it was called Fort Dummer. Around mont this fort was commenced the first settlement in Ver mont. in Ver new 11. About this period, a new colony was projected in England, to settle between the Savannah and Altamaha rivers. This tract was within the limits of the Carolina grant, but unoccupied by European settlers. Plan of a The patriotic deemed it important, that this region colony. should be planted by a British colony, otherwise it might be seized by the Spaniards from Florida, or the French from the Mississippi. At the same time, a spirit of philanthrophy was abroad in England, to notice the distresses of the poor, especially those shut up in prisons, and to provide for their relief. 12. Actuated by these generous motives, a number Ogleof gentlemen in England, of whom James Oglethorpe 7. How was the controversy settled?-8. What emigrants settled in New Hampshire? What did they introduce-9. What can you say of the Aurora Borealis of that day?-10. When and where was the first settlement made in Vermont? 11. What new colony was projected in England? Why did the patriotic in England favor the project? What benevolent spirit was abroad?-12. Who was to be the leader of the enterprise? thorpe 4 PT. II. was the most zealous, formed a project to settle this tract, by suc. of the suffering poor, as might be wilca. v. ling to seek, in the new world, the means of subsis P'D. II. tence. 13. To this company, the territory between the Savannah and Altamaha, now, in honor of the king, 1732. denominated Georgia, was granted; and, with its setGeorgia tlement, was completed, that of the thirteen veteran colonies, which fought the war of the revolution; and whose emblematic stars and stripes, still decorate the banner of American Independence. ranted. 2 13. What may be said of the colony which Oglethorpe and his company settled? EXERCISES ON THE CHRONOGRAPHER. What event marks the beginning of this period? What is its date? Point it out on the chronographer. Queen Anne's war began in 1702. What is the place of this date? Massachusetts extended its jurisdiction over Maine in 1714. What is the place of this year? New York and New Jersey were ruled by one governor in 1698. Point out the place of that year. ter to Pennsylvania in 1701. year. Penn granted a new charPoint to the place of that The cultivation of rice was begun in Carolina, in 1695. Point to the place of this date. Paper money was first made in South Carolina, in 1702. Show the place of this year. In 1729 North and South Carolina were erected into separate governments. Point to the place of this date. Mobile was founded by the French, in 1702, Natchez in 1706, and New Orleans in 1718. Point out the places of these dates. Vermont was first settled in 1723. Point out the place of this date. What event terminates this period? What is its date? Point out its place on the chronographer. Let the teacher, as before, select other dates, and require the pupils to locate them on the chronographer. |