2 90 P'T. II. P'D. I. make BACON AND HIS PARTY. 10. The people desired to organise for self defense, and in a peremptory manner, demanded for their leader, CH.1. Nathaniel Bacon, a popular young lawyer. Berkeley refused. New murders occurred; Bacon assumed com1676. The mand, and with his followers, departed for the Indian people war. Berkeley declared him and his adherents rebels. Bacon 11. Bacon returned successful from his expedition, and was elected a member for Henrico county. Popu lar liberty prevailed, and laws were passed, with which Popular Berkeley was highly displeased. Bacon, fearing treachliberty prevails, ery, withdrew to the country. The people rallied around him, and he returned to Jamestown, at the head of five hundred armed men. their leader. 12. Berkeley met them, and baring his breast, exclaimed, "a fair mark, shoot!" Bacon declared that he came only for a commission, their lives being in Berkeley danger from the savages. The commission was issued, Bacon. and Bacon again departed for the Indian warfare. and Berkeley, in the meantime, withdrew to the sea-shore, and there collected numbers of seamen and royalists. He came up the river with a fleet, landed his army at Jamestown, and again proclaimed Bacon and his party, rebels and traitors. 13. Bacon having quelled the Indians, only a small band of his followers remained in arms. With these he hastened to Jamestown, and Berkeley fled at his approach. In order that its few dwellings should no more shelter their oppressors, the inhabitants set them James on fire. Then leaving that endeared and now desoburnt by lated spot, they pursued the royalists to the RappaBacon's hannock, where the Virginians, hitherto of Berkeley's party. party, deserted, and joined Bacon's standard. His town Oct. 1, Bacon enemies were at his mercy; but his exposure to the night air had induced disease, and he died. 14. The party, without a leader, broke into fragments. As the principal adherents of Bacon, hunted and made prisoners, were one by one, brought before 10. What leader did the people choose? Give some account of the first steps in the contention between the people's leader and the governor ?- 11. Proceed with the account?-12. Con tinue the relation? 13. Relate the remaining events, till the time of Bacon's death?-14. What then happened to his party and principal followers? Bardic Suche foren & Yok GRAND COUNCIL AT ALBANY, Berkeley, he adjudged them, with insulting tauns, to 91 P'T. II. P'D. I. CH. 1. Culpep per. 15. "Bacon's rebellion" was extremely injurious to 1677. the affairs of the colony in England. A new charter, Lord which was sent over, was not favorable to the Virginians. Lord Culpepper was made governor for life. He cared not what he made the people suffer, provided 1683. he could gain money for himself. Lord Howard, the Lord next governor, was of the same stamp. Howard 16. It was at this period, that the Five Nations became very powerful. They had overcome all the surrounding Indians, and menaced the whites. This produced a grand council at Albany, in which Lord Peace Howard, and Colonel Dongan, the governor of New with the York, together with delegates from the northern prov- Nations. inces, met the sachems of the Five Nations. The negociations were friendly; and, in the figurative language of the Indians, "a great tree of peace was planted." 1645. 17. MARYLAND. Clayborne, in 1645, returned to Maryland, raised an insurrection, and compelled Gov- Insurrec ernor Calvert to fly to Virginia for safety. The rebel- tion in lion was, however, quelled. The next year, Calvert land. returned, and quiet was restored! govern Mary 18. The reign of Puritanism in England was disastrous to Maryland. Calvert, the governor appointed by the proprietor, was obliged to surrender the ment; and the Catholics, after having settled the coun- 1652. try, were shamefully persecuted in it, by the English Catholics authorities. Clayborne took advantage of this, and ted in with one Josias Fendall, made a famous "disturbance," of which little is now known, except that it involved the province in much expense. 19. Lord Baltimore was restored to his rights, by 15. How did Bacon's rebellion affect the colony in England? What governors were sent over? - 16. What Indians became powerful? What council was held ?-17. Who made trouble in Maryland? 18. What did he take advantage of? Who was with him? What is known of 66 Fondall's disturbance ?" persecu their own pro vince. 92 P'D. I. THE DUTCH SETTLEMENTS. PT. II. Charles II., but he died soon after. His son and successor, soon found himself in trouble; for the English CH.. would not allow the Catholics of Maryland to enjoy 1675. any political rights. At the same time the people in Death of the province, wished for a greater share in the governLord ment, than the proprietor would grant. Balti more. 20. James II., who succeeded Charles, was a Catholic, and he was a tyrant. He declared that there should be no charter governments, but that he should 1688. rule, according to his own sovereign will. His opWilliam pressions were such, that his people in England, and Mary. even his own family, joined against him. They placed and Dutch upon the throne, his daughter Mary, with her husband, William, one of the ablest statesmen of Europe 1614 CHAPTER II. New York settled by the Dutch-Taken by the English. 1. WE here, commence with the early colonization of a state which ranks first in the Union, in respect to wealth and population. In 1614, a company of mer1614. chants in Holland, fitted out a squadron of several emi- ships, and sent them to trade to the country which grants Hudson had discovered. A rude fort was constructed N.York. on Manhattan Island. One of the captains, Adrian Blok, sailed through the East river, and ascertained the position of Long Island. He probably discovered Connecticut river. found 1615. Fort 2. The next year the adventurers sailed up the Hudson, and on a little island, just below the present poOrange, sition of Albany, they built a small fort, naming it Fort Albany Orange. Afterwards they changed their location, and founded. fixed where Albany now stands. i. e. 19. Who restored Lord Baltimore? What gave trouble to his son?-20. Who succeeded King Charles the II.? What did he declare? How did the English people bear his tyranny? CHAPTER II.-1. In what respects is New York the first state in the Union? Did the Dutch first go there as traders, or as settlers? By whom were they sent? What fort did they first build? What discoveries make? -2. What was their second fort! NEW NETHERLANDS. 93 3. Holland was distressed by internal troubles; and T. II. families wishing to settle in the new world, were now P'D. I. sent over. Cottages clustered around Manhattan fort, cH. . which was now called New Amsterdam, and the coun- 1619 try, New Netherlands. Peter Minuets was. made its first governor. to 1621 In 1627, an envoy was sent from New Netherlands to New Plymouth; friendly civilities were inter- Treaty changed; and a treaty of peace and commerce was Pilgrims. made with the Pilgrims. with the 4. A new company was made in Holland, styled "the College of Nineteen." They decreed, that, whoever should conduct fifty families to New Netherlands, the 1629. name now given by the Dutch to the whole country College between Cape Cod and Cape May, should become the of Ninepatroon, or lord of the manor; with absolute property pose of in the lands he should colonize, to the extent of eight lands. miles on each side of the river on which he should settle. teen dis 1631. 5. De Vries conducted from Holland, a colony which settled Lewistown, near the Delaware; a small fort called Nassau, having been previously erected by the The Dutch. In consequence of disagreements among the company in Holland, Peter Minuets returned, having been superseded by Walter Van Twiller. Minuets became the leader of a colony of Swedes. Dutch on the Dela ware. 6. Governor Keift, who had succeeded Van Twiller, had an inconsiderable quarrel with the Manhattan Indians. Yet, when the Mohawks came down upon 1643. them, they collected in groups, and begged him to Keift's shelter and assist them. The barbarous Keift sent his barbarity troops; and at night murdered them all, men, women, and helpless babes, to the number of a hundred. 7. Indian vengeance awoke. No English family within reach of the Algonquins was safe. The Dutch 3. Why were families now willing to leave Holland? Where did they settle? What name give to the fort? To the country? Who was the first governor ? Where did they send an envoy? 4. What new company was formed in Holland ? What did they decree? 5. What colony was led by De Vries? What account can you give of Peter Minuets ? Who was the nest governor 1-6. Who the next? How did he treat the Indians? to the natives. 94 P'D. I. EARLY MOVEMENTS IN DELAWARE. PT. II. villages were in flames around, and the people fleeing to Holland. In New England, all was jeopardy and CH.. alarm. The Dutch troops defended themselves, having Ven placed at their head, Captain Underhill, who had beer geance of expelled from Massachusetts. At this time, it is sup Indians. posed, occurred a bloody battle at Strickland's plain, in Greenwich, Connecticut. The Mohawks were 1645. friendly to the Dutch, and, at length, peace was made Peace. by their interference. the Keift. 8. Keift, execrated by all the colonies, was remand1648 ed to Holland; and, on his return, perished by shipDeath of wreck on the coast of Wales. Stuyvesant, who succeeded to his office, went to Hartford; and there entered into negociations, by which the Dutch claims to Connecticut were relinquished. 1650. Stuyve sant. conquer 9. The Dutch had built Fort Casimir on the site of New Castle, in Delaware. The Swedes conceiving 1664. this to be an encroachment on their territory, Rising, Swedes their governor, by an unworthy stratagem, made himed by the self its master. In 1655, Stuyvesant, acting by orders Dutch. received from Holland, embarked at New Amsterdam, with six hundred men, and sailing up the Delaware, he subjugated the Swedes. New Sweden was heard of no more; but the settlers were secured in their rights of private property, and their descendants are among the best of our citizens. The 10. Many emigrants now came to New Netherlands, from among the oppressed, the discontented, and the enterprising of other colonies, and of European na1654. tions. At length the inhabitants sought a share of people political power. They assembled, and by their delecivit gates, demanded that no laws should be passed, except rights with the consent of the people. Stuyvesant treated the request rudely, and dissolved the assembly. claim 11. But popular liberty, though checked here, prevailed in the adjoining provinces; and they conse 7. What was the consequence of his cruelty? What occurred in Connecticut?-8. What happened to Keift? Who was his successor? What did he do?-9. Give an account of the contest between the Swedes and Dutch?-10. By what persong were their numbers in New Netherlands increased? What did the people now seek? How did the governor treat them? -- 11, Which prospered most, the places where the people's rights were respected, or those where they were not |