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INDEX.

Avo, Vitex agnus castus, a tree
like a willow, the branches of
which the matrons strewed on their
beds at the Thesmophoria, 266.
Αδριανικαὶ ἀλεκτορίδες, a small
kind of domestic fowl, 138.
Aɛtok, a kind of owl. Stryx
aluco, Strack, 249. Brown Owl.
There is also another migratory
kind mentioned, 249, which does
not hoot.

A

'Aépoy, the Baotian name of the
Merops, M. apiaster, 138.
Αετός, οι αἰετὸς, Eagle, hence the
Latin avis, 9, 61; its eggs and
young, 146; two species, the Py-
gargus baliætus, and the black
eagle, Aquila anataria or Falco næ-
vius, ib.; several species, 201, 250;
used in augury, 217; eats serpents,
231; food and manners, 251; true
eagles, Falco chrysaetos, ib.; the
eagle kills the heron, 233; it fights
with the vulture and the swan, ib. ;
a kind of eagle in Scythia, 252.
Andov, nightingale, Sylvia luscinia,
its song, 95, 96; reproduction,
108; its tongue, 246; changes
its song and colour, 276.
Alepivn, Atherina presbyter, Spratt's
Lycia, or A. vera, in modern
Greek atherno, 159; its reproduc-
tion, 160, 234.

Ayilados, Parus, Tit or Titmouse,

eats worms, 202; three species
ib.; lays many eggs, 246; an
enemy to bees, 265 ; σπιξίτης,
parus major, Strack. opewog,
Parus ater, Strack, or P. caudatus.
Máxioros, Parus cœruleus.

Aiyos, Bunting, Emberiza, Strack,
or hedge sparrow or Parus cœru
leus, dislikes the ass, builds in
hedges, 232; hostile to the anthus
and acanthis, 233; its food and
young, 246,

Aiyoonas, goat sucker, Caprimul-
gus Europæus, 250.
'Alyorépaλos, Stryx otus, Strack,

39.

23;

Aiyvniòs, the Vulture, it is hostile
to the salon (small hawk), 9,
and fights with the eagle, ib.
Alyvnтos, Egypt, the Egyptians
hatch eggs in manure, 139; two
kinds of Egyptian mice, one with
stiff hair (Hierax, or Aulacodus
Swinderianus), another with long
hind legs (Jerboa, or Cavia), 178;
the care of animals among the
Egyptians, 231; a large kind of
oxen in Egypt, 226; asp and ich-
neumon, 238; white and black
ibis, 242.

Aiyúλios, a night bird of prey,

Stryx passerina, Strack, or 8.
flammea. Camus. La chouette,
little owl, 201; kills the calaris,

232; its habit and mode of life,
247; in p. 139 this bird is called
αἰτώλιος.

Aleros, a cartilaginous fish, one of
the class selache, Raia aquila, 104.
Aitoria, Ethiopia, winged ser-
pents in Ethiopia, probably Dra-
co volans, 9; Ethiopian sheep,
165.
Ailio, Ethiopian, teeth, 60; se-
men, 72, 188.
Aiovia, a large waterbird, Larus
parasiticus, or L. Marinus, Strack,
or L. argentatus, 2; its reproduc-
tion, 108; food, 203.
Aloupos, cat, Felis cattus, copula-
tion, 103; its young, food, and
mode of life, 177; kills birds, 239.
Αιμοῤῥοῖς, οι αποῤῥαΐς, a kind of

shell fish, perhaps Murex, 85, 86.
Ai, goat, male and female, Ibex or
wild goat, Spratt's Lycia, Caper
hircus, Strack, 13, 27. 28, 31,
66; the she goats of Eta, 70;
the he goat in Lemnos, ib.; it is
mentioned with the chimæra or
domestic goat in 71; dreams, 97;
infested with ticks, 134; dis-
charges of the female, 163, 164;
gestation, 165; food, drink, &c.,
207; the wild goat, 225; Syrian
Caper hircus Mambricus and Ly-
cian goat, C. Angorensis, ib.;
Egyptian, 226; its mode of life,
235; wild goats in Crete, 238; ru-
mination, 278.

Ait, a water bird, probably Tantalus
arquatus, Strack, Scolopax Galli-
nago, 208.
Airáλwv, a small hawk, perhaps
sparrow-hawk or merlin, Falco
salon, 253.

Αἰτώλιος, see Αἰγώλιος.
Akaλnon, Medusa, and probably
also some species of Actinia, 2, 3;
fixed and locomotive kinds, 87,
88; small and edible species,
others large and hard, 88; a fleshy
kind, 195; a large kind, its food,
mouth, and anus, 198.

'Aravoías, a kind of shark, Squalus
Acanthias, Strack, 256.
'Akaveis, thistle finch or gold finch,
Fringilla carduelis, or Fringilla
cannabina, Strack, or F. spinus,
brown linnet, 202; hates the ass,
lives on worms, 233; a foe to the
anthus and ægithus, 234; its food,
colour, song, 247.
'Aкavovλλis, Parus pendulinus, or
caudatus, Strack, 202; its nest,
245.

"Akapı, mite, Dermestes fatidicus, or
perhaps Bostrichus, Strack, 135.
'Arpis, locust, Tetigonia, Strack,
Acridium, 89, 95; its birth, 123;
reproduction, 132; changes its
skin, 216; it is said to contend
with serpents, 238: the Spex la-
certicida corresponds with this
description, Schneider.

'Akúλos, the acorn of the evergreen
oak, used for fattening pigs, 206.
'AXEKTopic, the domestic hen, Pha-
sianus gallus, different kinds, 111,
138;

sometimes produces soft
eggs, 139; chickens, 140, 141;
barren eggs, and times of laying,
ib.; growth of the chick in the
egg, 142; twin eggs, 144; the hen
sometimes takes the form of the
cock, 215; rolls in the dust, 277.
'AλEKTOVwv, domestic fowl, male,
also used of the class, 5; his comb,
36; crop, 45; appendages to in-
testines, ib.; crowing, 96; man-
ner of coition, 102; appearances
like ova when cut open, 139; tes-
ticles, 148; habits in temples,
241; sometimes they assume the
form and habits of hens, 275;
method of castration, 277.
'Alaisrog, sea-eagle, different from
the osprey, perhaps Aquila albi.
cilla or Falco halicetus, 203, 251,
253.

'Akvwv, Alcedo, kingfisher, or per-
haps Turdus arundinaceus, repro-
duction, 107, 108; two species
described, 203; materials and form

of its nest, 246. It is doubtful
whether either of the species is
our kingfisher. Schneider.
Αλοσάχη, probably a species of
Zoophyte Alcyonia, 246.
'Aλwn, fox, Canis vulpes, 6, 29;
it breeds with the Laconian dogs,
227; attacks the heron, 233; is
friendly with the crow, b.; a
troglodyte, ib.

'Alone, Vampire, Vespertilio cani-
nus, Strack, V. dinops or Sciurus
volans, 9; reproduction, 177; it
hunts mice, 178.

'A\πn, a cartilaginous fish, re-
production, 149; represents a
class, 151; Egyptian species, 226;
stratagems, 255.
'Auía, a kind of tunny, mackerel,
Scomber, Strack, 4, 40, 91; its
rapid growth, 160, 199, 200; lives
in bays, 211; and enters rivers,
218; its teeth and mode of de-
fence, 255.
'Auvydaλn, Amygdala communis,
almond tree, 268, almonds, 242.
'Aveias, a migratory sea fish, also
called ἀνλωπίας, Scomber ala |
longa, 159; gregarious, 234; also
called sacred, 255.
"Aveos, yellow bunting, Emberiza
citrinella, Strack, Motacilla ba-
rula, 202; feeds in meadows,
imitates the neighing of the
horse, 233; hostile to the acanthis
and ægithus, ib.; it lives by the
side of rivers, 244.
'Avopnrn, wild bee, Apis terrestris,
or Vespa crabro, 88; the larvæ,
124; reproduction, 130; a diligent
insect, 258; makes honey, 260;
its manners and habits, 270.
*ATIоç, the pear tree, 126.
'Arλvoias, a dark-coloured sponge,

119.

'Aroppats, various reading for
duoppots, Murex, or Natica.
"ATOUS, swift, Hirundo apus, 4;
also called κυψελλος, 271.
'Apúxvnc, spider, 5, 85, 135; its

web, reproduction, 123, 131, 132,
is driven away by its young, 131;
it sucks its prey, 213; is eaten by
the lizard, 232; four kinds, 258,
259. Yuλa, Salticus scenicus-
The smaller kind Dolomedes mi-
rabilis-the larger Lycosa ruri-
cola, another Dolomedes fimbria-
tus.

"Apkтoç, bear, Ursus Arctus, 25,
27, 29, 42; coition, 102; at this
time it becomes fierce, 161; period
of gestation, imperfect young,
175; mode of drinking, 205; hy-
bernation, 215; eats the arum,
ib; the females courageous, 230;
its habits, 237.

"Apkтos, a crustacean, perhaps Can-
cer spinosissimus, Strack, Scyllaris
arctus, reproduction, 121; its food
and manner of seizing it, 205.
"Apπn, a bird of prey, falcon, lives
near the sea, and attacks the gull
and brenthus, 232; the piphinx
and ictinus are friendly to it, 234;
its mode of life, attacks the eyes
of its prey, 247.

Αρχάνος, a fish, see 'Αχάρνας.
'Arkaλaßorns, lizard, Lacerta

Gecko, Stellio veterum, 160; it
lives in holes, 213; changes its
skin, 216; its bite poisonous in
some parts of Italy, 227; it eats
spiders, 232; it can walk in an
inverted position, 242.
'Aokáλapos, probably some kind of
owl, Stryx ulula, 45.
'Aocalwraç, Scolopax gallinago,
snipe, Strack, (Schneider disap-
proves of this identification), S.
phæopus, 249. See oкolónak.
'Aokapides, ascaris, intestinal worm,
124.

'Aokapic, the larva of the empis
(gnat), 125.
'Aoráλağ, mole, Talpa vulgaris,
lives in holes, 5; its eyes, 13,
90; there are many in Boeotia
none in Lebadia, 225.
'Aonic, Coluber aspis, asp, from

which a poison is made in Lybia,
227; in Egypt it is attacked by
the ichneumon, 238.
Aorakòs, lobster, Cancer Gamma-
rus, and Astacus, 138; compared
with the spiny lobster, 77, 78,
79; a small fresh-water species,
Astacus fluviatilis, crayfish, 86;
its reproduction, 106, 121;
changes its shell, 217.
'Aoragic, a raisin used for feeding
cattle, 206,

'AoTepias, a cartilaginous fish, 109,
151. Squalus asterias.

'Arrepiac, a hawk, 109, 151, 253.
'Aorepías, Ardea stellaris, bittern,

233.

'Aornp, star-fish, Uraster rubens,
118.

'Aopódeλos, a plant, asphodel, A.
ramosus, 260.

Ατρακτυλλίς, a plant of the thistle
tribe, Carthamus creticus.
'Arraynv, grouse, Tetrao bonasia,
or T. attagen, 249; it lives on
the ground, 276.
Αττέλαβος,

kind of locust,
Gryllus, 123; reproduction and
death, 133.

Αυλωπίας, the same as ἀνθίας, 159.
'Avgiç, the young tunny, 160.
'Apákn, plant, a kind of vetch,
208.

"Appoc, fish spawn, 157.

'Apún. anchovy or sardine, Melanu-
rus juvenculus, 157, its origin, ib.;
other kinds, ib.; in modern Greek
ἀφρόψαρο.

̓Αχαΐνης ἔλαφος, a variety of large
stag with a strong mane, Strack;
a brocket, or two-year old stag.
from his single-pointed horns,
Liddell and Scott, 39, 237.
"Axápvas, a sea fish, Anarrhicas
rufus, 200; does not bear heat,

218.

Axeras, the male grasshopper,
Cicada Orni, 89.
"Axpag, a kind of wild pear, Pyrus
communis, 206, 268.

B

Baλaypos, a fresh-water fish, Cobitis
barbus, 98.

Bálavos, Balanus, Cirripede, acorn
shell, 94, 117,
Báλavoc, acorn, 221.
Báλepos, a fresh-water fish, Cy-
prinus blicca, 156, 219 ; βάλερος,
βαλῖνος, βαρῖνος, are
readings.

various

Baotsus, also called trochilus, and
presbys, lives in holes, 244; has a
bright crest, 202; probably Regu-
lus Cristatus, golden-crested wren,
or Sylvia troglodytes.

Baris, a bird that frequents bushes,

Sylvia rubicola, eats worms, 202;
mentioned with finch and sparrow.
Baric, a fish, the prickly roach,
Liadell and Scott, 149, 152.

Báros, ray, Raia batos, not the skate,
which is perhaps leiobatos, 8, 37;
its manner of coition, 104; it does
not receive its young into itself,
150, 151; it lives in holes, 214;
its manner of taking its prey, 255.
Bárpayos, frog, Rana esculenta and
B. temporaria, 3, 39, 87; croaks,
96; the female larger than the
male, 100; coition, 103; tadpole,
154; its united spawn, 155;
spoken of as a class, 196; no
croaking frogs in Cyrene, 225;
marsh frogs are foes to bees, 261.
Bárpaxos, a cartilaginous fish,
Lophius piscatorius and L. barba-
tus, 8, 37, 38, 40; among the se-
lache, 104; oviparous, 148, 150; it
produces many young, 159.
Beλóvn, fish, Syngnathus acus, 40;
its reproduction, 109, 154, 160;
gregarious, 224; the Halcyon
builds its nest with the bones of
this fish.

Bolíraiva, cephalopod, Eledone mos-
chites, Leach, 76; also called
ὄζολις; it does not exist in the
Euripus, 256.
Boußuxia, Apis cementaria, or also
Megachile muraria, and Bombus

terrestris, forms an angular cell
of mud, 131.
Boußudios, larva of silk worm, 124;
the humble bee, 260, 271.
Bóμßv, silkworm.

Bóvaooos, Antelope bonassus, or
Bos Urus, Bison, 26, 28; its
country, form, habits, hunting,
273.

Bookas, Anas boscas, or A. Crecca,
203.

Bóorpuxos, insect, Lampyris noc-
tiluca, Strack, 125.
Borßalis, Antilope Gnou, 58.
Bouc, Bos taurus, Ox, 5, 27, 28, 29,
30, 41, 62; milk, 69; dreams, 97;
lowing of the bull, 100, 112;
coition, 103; tormented with lice,
135; sexual desires, 161, 162;
discharges and urine of the cow,
163; reproductive powers of bull,
168; the castrated animal is taught
to lead the herd, ib.; teeth, milk,
and habits, ib.; veins in the em-
bryo, 190; mode of drinking,
205; care of the ox, 206; red
cattle of Epirus, 207; diseases,
219, 222; the ox drinks pure
water, 224; Egyptian oxen, 226;
habits, 236; wild oxen, B. Bu-
balus, 26; one species of ox has
a bone in its heart, 39; oxen in
Phrygia which can move their
horns, 61; small oxen in Phasis,
71; oxen in Epirus, ib.; in Tor-
tona, 72; the cow brings forth at
a year old, 113; Syrian oxen,
226; castration of the young,
278; rumination, ib.
Bous, a cartilaginous fish, Raia cor-
nuta, 104, 152.

Boέvoos, a sea-bird, Anas tadorna,
hostile to the larus and harpa,
232; makes its nest in hills and
woody places, 244.

Bpúas, a large owl, Stryx bubo,

201.

Bpúov, algæ, both fresh-water and
marine, 155, 200, 220.
Bpuoroc, an echinite, Scutella, 102.

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Taλas, a kind of smooth shell-fish,
mya pictorum, 82.

Taλeòs, a cartilaginous fish, Squalus
galeus and charachias, Strack, or
Gadus lota, 8, 44, 49, 108, 149,
151; uterus and ova, 150; re-
ceives its young into itself, ib.;
not found in the Pyrrhæan
Euripus, 256.

Talewon, fish of the shark kind, 37,
40, 41; placed under the selache,
104, 149; the males have appen-
dages, 104; the uterus, 149; ga-
lei and galeodes, 151.
Taλn, weasel, martin, polecat, Mus-
tela Faro, M. Erminea, M. vul-
garis, 20; the wild kind hunts
mice, 178; hostile to the crow,
232; it attacks serpents, 233; in
Poroselene, 225; it fights with
serpents, especially with those
called myotheræ, 238; its form
compared with the ictis, 239; eats
birds' eggs, 232; mode of attack-
ing its prey, 238.

l'épavos, crane, Ardea grus, 2, 4, 64;
coition, 102; migrations of the
male bird, 209; they migrate
after the quails, ib.; the fable of
the stone they are said to carry,
210; gregarious, ib.; migrations,
leaders, prudence, 243; they fight
with each other, the number of
their eggs, 245.

livvog, the offspring of a mule witn

a mare or she ass, 11; see ivvoç.
ravis, a fresh-water fish, Silurus
glanis, Strack, 9, 38, 40, 219;
conjoined spawn, 155: two spe-
cies, the greater and the smaller,
the male watches the spawn, ib. ;
size of the ova, 156; diseases, 219;
un£ to eat when in spawn, the

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