What is the object of fixing it upon a glass pedestal ; and why is it advisable to coat the latter with shellacvarnish?

13. What do you know regarding the variations in declination and inclination of a magnetic needle; and what do you understand by the terms magnetic pole and magnetic equator?

NATURAL SCIENCES.
Morning Paper.

PROFESSOR J. MORRIS, F.G.S.

1. Draw a geological section across any part of England and Wales, or along any portion of the coastline of England with which you are familiar.

2. Construct a table showing the subdivisions of the Paleozoic strata of Great Britain, and name some fossils characteristic of each division.

3. By what general characters would you infer certain strata to be of sedimentary origin? Give examples of strata so formed.

4. Name the counties or districts in England and Wales in which rocks older than the coal measures occur, and describe their physical character.

5. Enumerate the geological formations in which "Bone-beds " and accumulations of phosphatic nodules have been observed.

6. In what geological periods have the first traces of Trilobites, Ammonites, Goniatites, Fishes, and Insects been recognised.

7. Define the following terms :-Geode, Amyg

daloid, Drusic, Dimorphous, Pseudomorphous, Vein, Lode, Dyke.

8. Give the geological position of the Lias, and mention some of the more remarkable fossils found in the Liassic strata.

9. Explain by a diagram how a lower series of coal-bearing beds may appear to be on the same level as a higher series, in the same district.

10. Mention six metallic and four non-metallic minerals which crystallize in the cubical system, and state the directions in which they respectively cleave.

11. Name the minerals which are used in the manufacture of Gunpowder, and mention the sources from whence they are obtained.

12. What is the difference between a Sulphate and Sulphide? Give examples of Sulphates and Sulphides among minerals.

13. What is understood by Holohedral forms in Crystallography?

Name the holohedral forms in the cubical system.

14. Under what conditions is gold found in nature? Name the minerals which have been mistaken for it, and state how it can be distinguished from them.

15. Mention the different parts of the blow-pipe flame which are respectively used for oxidising and reducing metallic substances, and explain the principles by which these effects are produced.

16. Give the chemical composition and crystalline form of six of the following minerals :-Talc, Augite, Garnet, Beryl, Zircon, Rutile, Calcite, Apatite, Topaz, Galena, Selenite, and Fluor-spar.

NATURAL SCIENCES.

Afternoon Paper.

HENRY W. BRISTOW, F.R.S.

1. Give examples of minerals crystallizing in the cubical, rhombohedral or hexagonal, and oblique systems; and write down the positions of the axes in those systems.

2. Write down the chemical formulæ of Quartz, Anhydrite, Rock Salt, Nitre, Phosphorite, Brown Iron-ore or Limonite, Vivianite, Tin-stone, Grey Copper-ore, Pyrolusite.

3. Enumerate the characters usually employed for identifying minerals.

4. On what qualities does the lustre of minerals depend? Mention the terms used in Mineralogy to denote the different kinds of lustre.

5. Mention some of the minerals which occur as loose grains in the beds of streams and rivers.

6. Give an explanation of the nature of Coal : 1st. From a mineralogical point of view; 2nd. From a geological point of view.

7. What is the composition of the Magnesian Limestone? What is the position it holds in the geological scale in Great Britain?

8. From what rocks are the chief supplies of Rock Salt obtained in this country?

9. How is the presence of extensive deposits of Rock Salt to be accounted for?

10. Name the two great groups into which rocks have been divided by geologists.

11. Write down the names of six rocks belonging to each of these groups respectively.

12. Explain the nature and effects of denudation in modifying the shape of the land.

13. Describe the principal phenomena which accompany the eruption of a volcano, and the products to which the latter gives rise.

14. Explain the difference of origin and mode of deposition between the ordinary Gravel, such as is of common occurrence at comparatively low levels in valleys and river-courses, and the Till or Boulder Clay.

15. What are moraines? Describe their mode of occurrence, and the conditions under which they have been formed.

16. Draw a neat section across the London Basin, showing the nature and order of succession of the various rock-formations of which it consists.