"It is the proper work of education and government united to redress the faults that arise from the soil and air. "The principal drift of education should be to make men think in the northern climates, and act in the southern.

"The different steps and degrees of education may be compared to the artificer's operations upon marble; it is one thing to dig it out of the quarry, and another to square it, to give it gloss and lustre, call forth every beautiful spot and vein, shape it into a column, or animate it into a statue. "To a native of free and happy governments his country is always dear;

He loves his old hereditary trees :'

(COWLEY) while the subject of a tyrant has no country; he is therefore seifish and base-minded; he has no family, no posterity, no desire of fame; or, if he has, of one that turns not on its proper object.

Any nation that wants public spirit, neglects education, ridicules the desire of fame, and even of virtue and reason, must be ill governed.

"Commerce changes entirely the fate and genius of nations, by communicating arts and opinions, circulating money, and introducing the materials of luxury; she first opens and polishes the mind, then corrupts and enervates both that and the body.

"Those invasions of effeminate southern nations by the warlike northern people, seem (in spite of all the terror, mischief, and ignorance which they brought with them) to be necessary evils; in order to revive the spirit of mankind, softened and broken by the arts of commerce, to restore them to their native liberty and equality, and to give them again the power of supporting danger and hardship; so a comet, with all the horrors that attend it as it passes through our system, brings a supply of warmth and light to the sun, and of moisture to the air.

"The doctrine of Epicurus is ever ruinous to society; it had its rise when Greece was declining, and perhaps hastened its dissolution, as also that of Rome; it is now propagated in France and in England, and seems likely to produce the same effect in both.

"One principal characteristic of vice in the present age is the contempt of fame.

vice in a generation is impossible to conqu remembered; even cr selfish of all passions

"Many are the uses of good fame to a generous mind : it extends our existence and example into future ages; continues and propagates virtue, which otherwise would be as short-lived as our frame; and prevents the prevalence of

them."

Ah! could they catch his strength, his easy grace,
His quick creation, his unerring line;

The energy of Pope they might efface,

And Dryden's harmony submit to mine.

But not to one in this benighted age
Is that diviner inspiration giv'n,

15

That burns in Shakespeare's or in Milton's page,
The pomp and prodigality of heav'n.

20

As when conspiring in the diamond's blaze,
The meaner gems that singly charm the sight,

V. 7. "Thence endless streams of fair ideas flow,
Strike on the sketch, or in the picture glow."
Pope. Epist. to Jervas, ver. 42.
V. 8. "When life awakes and dawns at every line."
Pope. Ep. to Jervas, v. 4. See also Kidd's note to Hor.
A. P. v. 66, from Plato.

V. 20. "Heaven that but once was prodigal before,

To Shakspear gave as much, she could not give him more. Dryden to Congreve. Luke. + The words within the inverted commas were supplied by Mason, a corner of the old manuscript copy being torn: with all due respect to his memory, I do not consider that he has been successful in the selection of the few words

ded to supply the imperfect lines: my own Gray had in his mind Dryden's Epistle to hich he partly took his expressions: under at supposition, I shall venture to give ano

For me, if to some feeling breast
es a secret sympathy 'convey;'
heir pleasing influence is exprest,'
of soft reflection dies away.'

similar to a passage in one of Swift's letaking of poets: "I have been considering such ill success in making their court. They to haunt ante-chambers, too poor to bribe proud to cringe to second-hand favourites in See Pope. Works, xi. 36. ed. Warton.

No very great wit, he believed in a God:

A post or a pension he did not desire,

But left church and state to Charles Townshend

and Squire.

AMATORY LINES.

The following Lines by Gray first appeared in Warton's* edition of Pope, vol. i. p. 285.

WITH beauty, with pleasure surrounded, to lan-
guish-

To
weep without knowing the cause of my anguish :
To start from short slumbers, and wish for the

morning

To close my dull eyes when I see it returning ;

Dr. S.

V. 4. "I pay my debts, believe, and say my prayers." Pope. Prol. to Satires, ver. 268. V. 6. Squire] At that time Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, and afterwards Bishop of St. David's. Squire died 1766, see Nicholl. Poems, vol. vii. p. 231. Bishop Warburton one day met Dean Tucker, who said that he hoped his Lordship liked his situation at Gloucester, on which the sarcastic Bishop replied, that never bishoprick was so bedeaned, for that his predecessor Dr. Squire had made religion his trade, and that he Dr. Tucker had made trade his religion. See Cradock. Mem. iv. 335.

Perhaps these lines of Gray gave a hint to Goldsmith for his Character of Burke in the Retaliation :'

'Tho' equal to all things, for all things unfit,
Too nice for a statesman, too proud for a wit;
For a patriot too cool, for a drudge, disobedient,
And too fond of the right, to pursue the expedient.'

* As Dr. Warton has here favoured us with some manuscript lines by Gray, it will be a species of poetical justice