Reilly

REILLY or more properly REILY, HUGH (d. 1695?), political writer, was born in co. Cavan, and became master in chancery and clerk of the council in Ireland in James II's reign. He went to France with James II, and is said to have been appointed lord chancellor of Ireland at St. Germains. In 1695 he published' Ireland's Case briefly stated' (12mo, 2 pts.), without any place on the title-page; another edition, also without place, appeared in 1720. It gives an account of the conduct and misfortunes of the Roman catholics in Ireland from the reign of Elizabeth to that of James II, and complains of the neglect they suffered under Charles II. The statements throughout are general, and few dates or particular facts are given. The last speech of Oliver Plunket [q. v.] is added. It is said that James II, offended by the tone of Reilly's book, dismissed him from his service. He is believed to have died in 1695. The Impartial History of Ireland' (London, 1754) is a reprint of Reilly's 'Ireland's Case,' and it was again issued under the same title at Dublin in 1787, and as the 'Genuine History of Ireland' at Dublin in 1799 and in 1837. Burke's speech at the Bristol election of 1780 is printed with the edition of 1787, and a memoir of Daniel O'Connell with that of 1837. The form, paper, and type of the book show that it was bought by the populace in Ireland; its popularity was due to no special merit, but to the fact that it was long almost the only printed argument in favour of Irish Roman catholics.

[Sir James Ware's Works, ed. Harris, Dublin, 1764; Reilly's Ireland's Case.]

N. M.

REILLY, THOMAS DEVIN (18241851), Irish revolutionary writer, was the son of Thomas Reilly, a solicitor, who ob

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tained the office of taxing-master for his services to the liberal party. The younger Reilly was born in the town of Monaghan on 30 March 1824. He was educated there and at Trinity College, Dublin, but did not take a degree. In Dublin he renewed an early acquaintanceship with his fellow-townsman, Charles Gavan Duffy, and through him became known to the leading Young Irelanders. He sent contributions to the Nation,' and in 1845 joined its staff, writing in it fiery and eloquent articles. He became devotedly attached to John Mitchel [q. v.], but did not work well with the other members of the advanced nationalist party, and especially disliked Thomas D'Arcy McGee [q.v.] When Mitchel broke off his connection with the 'Nation' in December 1847, Reilly followed his example, and became early in 1848 a contributor to Mitchel's newly established paper, the United Irishman.' violent article by Reilly, entitled 'The French Fashion,' which appeared in the paper on 4 March 1848, formed one count in the indictment on which Mitchel was subsequently tried. Mitchel declared Reilly's article, for which he was forced to undergo all the responsibility legal, personal, and moral'to be one of the most telling revolutionary documents ever penned.' Reilly escaped from Ireland to New York in 1848, and contributed to the Irish-American papers. For two years he was editor of the New York 'Democratic Review,' and afterwards of the presidential organ, the 'Washington Union.' He died suddenly in Washington on 6 March 1854, and was buried in Mount Olivet cemetery. In May 1881 a fine monument was placed over his grave by the Irishmen of that city. On 30 March 1850 he married Jennie Miller in Providence,

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Rhode Island. She died in Washington on 29 July 1892.

Reilly, who could write forcibly, was one of the boldest and most impetuous of the Young Irelanders. Gavan Duffy severely condemns his treatment of D'Arcy McGee, whom he assailed with relentless hostility. Mitchel, who describes him as 'the largest heart, the most daring spirit, the loftiest genius of all Irish rebels in these latter days,' said that 'in all the wild activity of his life, he never aimed low and never spoke falsely.'

[Life of John Martin, by P. A. S., pp. 76104; Savage's '98 and '48; Duffy's Young Ireland; Mitchel's Jail Journal; Irishman, 16 Dec. 1876; O'Donoghue's Poets of Ireland, p. 213.]

D. J. O'D.

REILLY, WILLIAM EDWARD MOYSES (1827-1886), major-general, born at Scarragh, co. Down, on 13 Jan. 1827, was fourth son of James Miles Reilly of Cloon Eavin, co. Down, by Emilia, second daughter of the Rev. Hugh Montgomery of Grey Abbey. He was educated at Christ's Hospital, and at the age of fifteen became a cadet at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich. He was commissioned as second lieutenant in the royal artillery on 18 Dec. 1845, promoted first lieutenant on 3 April 1846, and second captain on 17 Feb. 1854. In that year he was appointed aide-de-camp to General Fox-Strangways, who commanded the artillery in the Crimea; but, on his way out from England, he learned that Strangways had been killed in the battle of Inkerman. He went on to the Crimea, and volunteered for service as a battery officer. He was employed in the trenches through the winter, and in February 1855 he was made adjutant (and subsequently brigade-major) of the siege-train. He was present at the several bombardments, and was three times mentioned in despatches. He received a brevet majority on 2 Nov. 1855, the Legion of Honour of France, and the fifth class of the Medjidié, and was created C.B. After the fall of Sebastopol he was deputy-adjutant quartermaster-general at the headquarters of the army till it left the Crimea in June 1856. From December 1856 to April 1859 Reilly was aide-de-camp to Sir Richard Dacres, commanding the royal artillery in Ireland, and, under Dacres's direction, he compiled the official account of the artillery operations of the siege of Sebastopol.

During the war of 1866 between Prussia and Austria he was sent out as British commissioner with the Prussian army, but could not join it till 19 July, when the fighting He wrote a memorandum on the

was over.

Prussian army, or rather on its system of supply and transport, as tested in the field, and on its artillery material. While generally favourable, he blamed the hospital arrangements, and he pronounced the breechloading guns inferior to muzzle-loading guns, and, for some purposes, even to smoothbores.

Reilly became regimental lieutenant-colonel in 1868, and next year was the guest of Lord Mayo in India, whence he wrote some descriptive letters to the Times' newspaper. He spoke French fluently, and at the end of October 1870, while the siege of Paris was going on, he was sent out as extra military attaché to the British embassy at Tours. He at once joined the headquarters of the French army of the Loire, and became the channel for distributing British contributions in aid of the wounded. He was present at Beaune-la-Rolande, and the subsequent battles in front of Orleans. The hurried evacuation of Orleans by the French in the night of 4 Dec. took place without his knowledge. He was arrested there next morning by the Prussians, and sent to England by way of Saarbrück and Belgium. He wished to rejoin the British embassy, then at Bordeaux, but the British government decided that he should not. In recognition of his services the French government raised him to the grade of officer of the Legion of Honour on 20 March 1872, and commander on 4 Nov. 1878.

From April 1871 to January 1876 he was employed in the war office as assistant director of artillery. During this time he made several visits abroad to report on artillery questions: to Berlin in 1872, to France and to the Vienna exhibition in 1873. He also accompanied the Duke of Edinburgh to Russia in 1874. In his reports he still adhered to his preference for muzzle-loading guns, and did not think Great Britain had much to borrow from foreign artillery.

He became brevet-colonel on 22 Aug. 1873, and regimental colonel on 25 Sept. 1877. In January 1879 he was appointed to command the royal artillery at Aldershot, but in the following month he was sent out to South Africa, in a similar capacity, to take part in the Zulu war, which was then entering on its second stage. While he was inspecting one of his batteries his horse fell with him, and broke his wrist; and this prevented his being present at Ulundi. After his return, in 1883, he became director of artillery at the war office, with the temporary rank of brigadier-general. He resigned this post at the end of 1884 on account of ill-health.