nants. The accents are almost entirely left out: but there is one clear case of a circumflex. Corrections are often added by the writer in smaller letters above the line.

The fragments cover five connected passages, in all about one tenth of the Politics: viz. III c. 1 § 5c. 2 § 3, 1275a 13-633: c. 4 §§ 1-12, 1276b 1712776 1: c. 5 § 6-c. 10 § 5, 1278a 24-1281a 37: c. 15 § 12 to the end of book III., followed by c. 1 $ 1-5 of book IV (now often reckoned book VI), 12866 16-12886 37; lastly c. 4 § 2-c. 5 § 4 of this same book VI (IV), 1290a 36-12926 20.

It would be natural to expect that such considerable fragments, older by four centuries than any manuscript of the Politics hitherto known to exist, would furnish some new readings, or at any rate greatly assist in determining the text. This however is not the case. In spite of their great age the fragments abound in errors of every kind; dittographia, omission of words and clauses by homoeoteleuton, or other accidental causes, and careless orthography. Once they confirm a conjectural emendation, ar@v_III. 5 § 8, 1278a 34, which had been proposed by Perizonius they also omit our λaTTov with the manuscripts of one ifamily, in III. 6 § 3, 12786 22. We cannot properly assign the fragments to either of the two families, I or II, though they side much more often with П than with II'. Heylbut notes 56 cases of agreement with 2, 9 only of agreement with П1. Suseinihl on the basis of a more exact enumeration makes the numbers 62 to 27. The inference seems to be that this codex, or its original, belongs to a period anterior to any sharp distinction between the manuscripts of the two families.-R. D. HICKS.

:

MR. J. H. HESSELS, known by his edition of the Salic Laws and by his researches in palaeography and the history of printing, has nearly ready for publication vol. i of the correspondence preserved in the Dutch Church, London. This volume contains letters dating from 1524-1625, nearly all written to or by Abr. Ortelius the famous geographer and his nephew. Four earlier letters are by Erasmus (already printed

by Jortin), Albert Dürer and Guil. Budé. Among eminent names of writers may be specified Benedictus Arias Montanus, Bonav. Vulcanius, Jan Gruter, Frid. Sylburg, Juste Lipse, Andr. Schott; of British worthies Humphrey Lhwyd, Dan. Rogers, William Camden, Robert and Hugh Owen, William Soon, John Dee, Richard Mulcaster, William Charke the famous Puritan, Thomas Penny, Richard Hacluyt, John Johnston of St. Andrews. Volume ii, containining letters relating to the Dutch Church, will appear later. The first volume, a stately quarto, printed at the Pitt Press, has summaries prefixed to the letters, critical notes and references at the foot of the page, an introduction, notes, chiefly biographical, and indexes.

M. BERTHELOT, the eminent chemist, who brought out a year and a half ago a work on the Origins of Alchemy, is about to issue by subscription a faithful reprint of the oldest known MS. on Alchemy, written in Greek, in the 11th century, from the library of San Marco. In addition to a scientific introduction and notes by M. Berthelot, there will be a French translation and notes on the Greek text by M. Ch. Ruelle. The whole work will comprise some 1200 pages. Only 150 copies will be for sale at a subscription price of 60 francs.

THE library of the late M. CHARLES JOURDAIN, the author of La Philosophic de St. Thomas d'Aquin, of Recherches critiques sur l'Age et l'Origine des Traductions latines d'Aristote, the editor of Abaélard, the historian of the University of Paris in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, will be sold in Paris early in March. M. Leopold Delisle prefaces the sale catalogue with a memoir of the author, and a list of his numerous independent publications or articles contributed to the Comptes rendus de l'Académie des Inscriptions, and other learned periodicals) M. Jourdain's library was that of a scholar, not of a collector, and, as might be expected, is richest in the department of mediaeval philosophy and of academical history. Catalogues may be had from Mr. Nutt.

THE flow of legislation has slackened a little this term. It has been decided by a majority of three to one to substitute simple rotation for the elaborate cycle which has hitherto determined the course of the proctorship through the colleges. Indian and Colonial universities have been qualified as candidates for the privileges of affiliated colleges; that is, a period of residence at one of them may be allowed to compensate for a year of residence at Oxford. The only other important question was one more directly affecting literae humaniores. It was proposed that we should, as Cambridge has done, establish a doctorate in Science, and a doctorate in Letters. These degrees were to be awarded by Council on application, subject to the decision of the boards of faculties concerned with the subjects. Roughly

speaking, twenty-eight votes for the measure came from those interested in the degree in science; seventy-six non-placets from those who thought the term 'Letters' too vaguedistrusted the boards of faculties-and would prefer a doctorate in Arts, to be conferred on official persons who wish to have it. At present, those who are not specialists are year by year more effectually debarred from the existing doctorate; the faculty of Law is even now shutting its doors; Medicine is already professional; and Theology recognises only the clergy of the Church of England. Of course Natural Science will get its new degree before long, and so will Literature, whenever there is general agreement on the subject.

In the intellectual life of the term, the most remarkable feature is the attention

given to classical archaeology. The professorship is indeed vacant, and (it is needless to say) the election has already been postponed once or twice; but its value is to be increased by the proceeds of a Merton fellowship; and meanwhile Mr. L. R. Farnell, Fellow of Exeter College, is appointed to lecture during the vacancy. He announced

three courses: (1) On the Younger Attic School of Sculpture; (2) On the Homeric and Archaic Periods of Greek Art, with reference to the History of Greek Religion; (3) A Special Course of Practical Exercises in the Interpretation of Myths. But he is possibly eclipsed, in the public eye, by Miss Jane E. Harrison, who is lecturing to large audiences on Greek vase-painting. She is at present treating of the Attic myths, of Cecrops and Theseus and the divine and human persons with whom they had to do. Perhaps it is not a mere coincidence that Professor Herkomer has been illustrating and explaining the process of portrait-painting before his class in the new room at the back of the gallery containing our new collection of casts from the antique. It may be that

art ancient and modern is soon to take a recognised place among our studies. Nor is this all. The professor of poetry continues. his introductory lectures, illustrated by examples of sculpture and painting in ancient and modern poetry.'

The Regius Professor of Greek-no longer Vice-Chancellor-is once more lecturing in Balliol College hall, on Pre-Socratic Philosophy. No other man would lecture at one o'clock, or get an audience if he did. Mr. Bywater, as reader in Greek, lectures on Aristotle's Poetics; the Professor of Latin on the Causes of Corruption in Latin Manuscripts, and on the History of Latin Literature from the Earliest Times to the end of the Second Century B.C. Mr. Robinson Ellis, as reader in Latin, teaches the art of Latin verse composition, and treats of passages of Juvenal as modified by recent manuscript research. The Professor of Ancient History takes as his subject the Roman Republic from the time of the Gracchi to the Battle of Actium. Professors Freeman and Sayce are away on the shores of the Mediterranean. Mr. W. W. Capes has unfortunately found himself unable to hold the readership in Ancient History any longer, and has resigned it after sixteen years' successful work. Mr. J. C. Wilson, Fellow of Oriel College, has been appointed examiner in the final honour school of literae humaniores. Mr. S. Ball, Mr. G. Wood, Mr. G. F. Lovell, and Mr. G. R. Scott, have been appointed

examiners in the pass classical schools. Mr. J. L. Strachan-Davidson, Fellow of Balliol; Mr. H. F. Tozer, Fellow of Exeter; Mr. T. H. Grose, Fellow of Queen's; Mr. T. Case, Fellow of Corpus; and Mr. T. H. Warren, President of Magdalen, have been elected members of the board of faculties in literae humaniores.

The University Classical Scholarships were awarded at the close of last term, and the new regulations for the Craven foundation had their first trial, there being now a travelling fellowship open to graduates, and three scholarships for undergraduates, the first to go to the Ireland scholar. This fell to Mr. Schulhof, formerly scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, and twelfth in the classical tripos of 1881, who was therefore older than any previous Ireland scholar. The Hertford now follows the Ireland, with two days' interval-a deplorable change, which can only diminish the competition, exhaust the candidates, and make it impossible to judge their merits accurately. The results of these examinations are subjoined :

Craven Fellow-D. G. Hogarth, Fellow of Magdalen (Winchester).

Ireland and Craven Scholar-J. M. Schulhof, Exhibitioner of Exeter (S. Paul's).

Craven Scholars-G. G. A. Murray, Scholar of S. John's (Merchant Taylors'); W. Ashburner, Exhibitioner of Balliol (University College School).

Proxime accessit-J. U. Powell, Scholar of Balliol (Cheltenham).

Accesserunt -G. C. Richards, Scholar of Balliol (Rugby); H. S. Jones, Scholar of Balliol (Rossall) ; A. B. Poynton, Scholar of Balliol (Marlborough).

Hertford Scholar-H. S. Jones, Scholar of Balliol (Rossall).

Proxime accessit-J. W. Goodrich, Scholar of Balliol (Charterhouse).

Accessit-R. R. Marett, Exhibitioner of Balliol (Victoria College, Jersey).

Jesus College offers two or three scholarships, one exhibition.

Pembroke College offers two scholarships.

The annual value of a scholarship of Merton, S. John's, and Jesus College is £80; that of the Merton exhibition, £60; that of the Jesus College exhibition, £50.

The scholarships at Pembroke will be worth (1) £100, and about £19 for books, each year; (2) £90 each year. These last are tenable for four years, the rest for two, with renewal of two more if the colleges are satisfied with the industry and good conduct of the holders. Only persons under nineteen years of age are eligible to the scholarship, except at Pembroke, where there is no limit. There is no limit of age for the exhibitions, but the Merton exhibitioner must be in need of assistance at the university.

On

Candidates are to call on the Head of one of the four colleges on Tuesday, March 15, between 5 and 7 P.M., bringing certificates of birth and character, and (if members of the university) their matriculation papers. They will be required to state the order of preference in which they place the colleges. Rooms may be had on application before March 19. June 28 there will be another combined examination, when University, Exeter, Oriel, Brasenose, and Christ Church will offer about fourteen open scholarships and several exhibitions. Lincoln College offers three classical scholarships and two exhibitions; the examination commences at 9.30 A. M. on Tuesday, April 19; and there is no limit of age.

Keble College will elect on March 26, 1887, to two classical scholarships, of the value of £80 per annum, tenable for four years. Candidates must be members of the Church of England, and must not have exceeded the age of nineteen years on the day of election. The examination will commence on Tuesday, March 22, and candidates are to call on the Warden on Monday, March 21, after 4 P.M., with testimonials of character and baptismal certificate.

Trinity College will elect a President on March 16, in place of the Head-Master-elect of Rugby, and a Clerical Fellow in the course of the summer term; but names for the latter have to be sent in before March 1.

Chancellor's Medals 1. C. Williams, Trinity (Eton); 2. J. L. A. Paton, St. John's (Shrewsbury). Highly distinguished-R. S. Conway, Caius (City of London); Hon. C. M. Knatchbull-Hugessen, King's (Eton); N. Wedd, King's (City of London). Craven Scholarship-N. K. Stephen, Trinity (Fettes).

Porson Scholarship-not adjudged.

COLLEGES.

FORTHCOMING SCHOLARSHIP EXAMINATIONS. (N.B.-In all the following Examinations, candidates must be under 19 years of age.) Trinity Hall-Six Minor Scholarships for Classics or Mathematics, one of £80, one of £60, and the rest of £30; tenable for one year, but capable of being exchanged for a Foundation Scholarship at the end of that time. The Examination will begin on Wednesday, 9th March. Candidates must send in their names, with testimonials of good conduct, and certificates of birth, to the Tutor before 2nd March. Magdalene College-Two Scholarships of £80, one for Classics, the other for Mathematics, and one Scholarship of £40 for Classics or Mathematics; tenable for two years certain, and capable of extension and augmentation in accordance with the results of

the Annual College Examination. The Examination will begin on Thursday, 10th March. Names, &c., to be sent in to the Tutor before 5th March.

Clare College-Six Scholarships, of value ranging from £80 to £40, for Classics, Mathematics, or Natural Science; tenable for one year, but subject to extension or exchange for Foundation Scholarships. The Examination will begin on Tuesday, 15th March. Names, &c., to be sent to the Tutor before 12th March.

St. Catharine's College-Scholarships, which may be more or less in number, of values varying from £50 to £20 for Classics or Mathematics. The Examination will begin on Tuesday, 26th April. Names, &c., to be sent in to the Tutor before 22nd April.

(The results of Scholarship Examinations at Cambridge will be given in next number.)

THE CAMBRIDGE PHILOLOGICAL SOCIETY. — Dr. Jackson continues president for the present year. The Public Orator is the new vice-president, and the Master of Trinity joins the Council. The executive remains as before, Dr. Peile being treasurer and Dr. Postgate and Mr. Gill as secretaries. The reformed pronunciation of Latin, which has occupied the Society during a great part of the last year, has passed from the stage of theory to that of practice. The scheme, as approved by the Society, has been pub

As regards the communications made to the Society, Mr. Tucker, Professor of Classics in the University of Melbourne, sent a number of ingenious emendations of the Oedipus Coloneus, the Helena, and the Phoenissae and of Solon, eis éaUTÓV. In the well-known crux of Aesch. Ag. 1143, he suggests y de Tépμoves ταχ ̓ ἐμπελῶ κακῶν. On Feb. 17, Dr. Paley read a paper questioning the usual translation of agínu in John xiv. 27, Mark xii. 19, Luke vii. 49, and Mr. Magnússon read a suggestive paper on misunderstood passages in the Hávamál-Elder Edda.

HENRI JORDAN.-In the Wochenschrift für Klassische Philologie, No. 1, 1877, Dr. E. Hübner gives an account of this distinguished scholar, who died on November 10th last at Konigsberg, from the effects of an operation.

He was descended from an old family, belonging to the French colony in Berlin, where he was born September 30th, 1833. He studied partly at Bonn, attracted there by Ritschl, but principally at Berlin, and always regarded Moriz Haupt as his principal teacher. In 1867 he was appointed professor of classical philology at Königsberg. Hübner speaks warmly of the affection and respect with which he was regarded by his pupils and his friends.

His chief works were Cato's Fragments, Leipzig, 1860; Scriptores historiae Austae (with Eyssenhardt), 1864; text of Sallust, 1866, 1876; the third edition, delayed by the discovery of new fragments, will shortly appear; Forma urbis Romae, 1874; Topographie der Stadt Rom, Berlin, Weidmann, vol. ii. 1871; vol. i. pt. 1, 1878; part 2, 1885; part 3 and a monograph on the forum remain unfinished; Kritische Beiträge zur Geschichte der lat. Sprache, Berlin, 1879. He also contributed largely to classical and archaeological journals, articles, some of them in Italian, on the religion, art, architecture, topography of Rome; on early Latin, and cognate dialects, not neglecting Greek authors, as Simonides of Amorgos, Theognis, Lysias.

Hübner hopes that these scattered articles, the work of one who has left deep traces on German scholarship, will be collected.

Jordan's specialty was the topography of Rome, and on that subject he was the first authority. But perhaps his critical edition of Sallust is the most familiar of his works to English students. In three or four articles in Hermes he determined the relative value of the more important MSS. in a way that has not been seriously questioned, and in the edition that followed he for the first time gave a trustworthy collation of them.

ERNEST DESJARDINS, born 30 September, 1823, died 22 October, 1886. In the Revue Historique, xii. (1887), pp. 101-105, Camille Jullian pays a short 'hommage' to this eminent epigraphist and geographer. 'Sans entrer dans le détail de sa vie, dans ceux de ses dix missions en Italie et dans la péninsule des Balkans, dans l'analyse de ses travaux comme professeur, comme éditeur des oeuvres de Borghesi, de la table de Peutinger, des Additamenta au Corpus, de la géographie administrative et politique de la Gaule romaine, comme membre de l'Institut, nous avons simplement voulu marquer les services qu'il a rendus à la science et à ses élèves. Nous aurions voulu qu'il nous fût possible aussi de faire connaître l'homme, son esprit, sa bonne grace, sa bonté. Tous ses élèves en conserveront l'ineffaçable souvenir.'

GEORGE HENRY HESLOP, who died on the 30th of January, at Oakley Rectory, Basingstoke, was born

in 1822 at or near Keswick, where his family had been settled for several generations. Soon after his birth his father was presented to the living of Great Musgrave in Westmorland, and he was sent to Appleby Grammar School, from which he proceeded to Sedbergh.

Here he was contemporary with the late W. M. Gunson of Christ's College, like himself a Cumberland man, and an intimacy was formed between them which developed into a friendship only to be broken by the sad death of Mr. Gunson a few years ago.

From Sedbergh Mr. Heslop entered Queen's College, Oxford as a tabarder on the old foundation, and was speedily recognized as a scholar of unusual promise by his private tutor, Mr. W. Linwood. His examination in the schools which gained him a place in the first class of 1846 was remarkably brilliant, and brought him at once into prominent notice. For a while he was assistant master at Rossall, and after this he resided as fellow and tutor of Queen's. Then he married, and accepted the small college living of Knights Enham, from which he moved in 1854 to the head-mastership of St. Bees. Here he remained for twenty-five years, working with great success upon the somewhat unpromising material that the free foundation brought to his hand. In 1879 he was left a widower. A new scheme for the management of the school was just about to come into operation, and Canon Heslop-for he had been appointed Hou. Canon of Carlisle in 1875-resigned the headmastership to take up the living of Church Oakley which was offered him by his old college.

Beyond some anonymous theological essays and papers in magazines put forth at Oxford, his published works are but two, the well-known editions of the Olynth ac and Philippic Orations and of the de Falsa Legatione in the Catena Classicorum Series. But he was an indefatigable worker. In middle age he taught himself German for the sake of gaining access to the stores of scholarship laid up in that language, and he read and annotated and translated his favourite authors again and again. Much of this work was done with a view to eventual publication, but he could not bring himself to put forth to the world anything that seemed to himself imperfect. His keen critical faculty and his fastidious taste were mercilessly exercised on his own writings, and repeated revisions failed to bring with them that sense of perfection without which he would not publish.

He has left much manuscript, and among it there is a corrected and enlarged edition of his Demosthenes, virtually a new book, which is almost ready for the press. This, it is hoped, together with some translations and notes on various portions of different authors may before long be brought out by his son, a former scholar of Christ's College. It would indeed be a pity if the learning accumulated by so exact and fine a judgment and so retentive a memory should die with him, and leave but two little books behind to mark the place he held in the estimation of classical scholars.

THE Classical Departments of the British Museum are, as most of us are probably aware, endowed annually by our art-loving Treasury with a modest allowance for the purchase of antiquities; and by the munificence of private benefactors the sum of the annual acquisitions usually represents a considerable accession of interesting and valuable objects. But few are probably acquainted with the details of these acquisitions. A report is drawn up, it is true, each year, and presented towards June to the House of Commons, whence it is issued in the form of a Parliamentary Blue Book: thus many of the new treasures must in any case remain practically unknown for at least a year or more. As moreover this form of literature is not of such absorbing interest as to command a wide circulation, something further appears to be required to keep the public informed of their possessions. In this respect even Germany is better off than Ourselves; for the Archäologische Zeitung has for several years past given a compte rendu of the British additions side by side with those of the Berlin Museum: this, however, is at best but a dry extract from a dry report. What is wanted seems to be a full monthly statement of acquisitions, and for this purpose I propose to avail myself of the monthly issue of the Classical Review to keep subscribers au courant with the antiquities of the National Collection, and, wherever possible, with the important additions to the principal local museums.

As a first instalment à report is herewith given which embraces the whole of the accessions of the past year. It is a melancholy fact that the grant for purchases has of late been steadily decreasing in inverse ratio to the growing difficulty experienced in obtaining works of Greek and Roman art from abroad. Not only is the export of antiquities everywhere either jealously restricted or absolutely forbidden, but English excavators, except in one or two isolated instances, can no longer obtain even reasonable terms on which to conduct scientific research.

Even where we have the opportunity of digging on our own soil, our impecunious condition is a hopeless bar. The instance of Cyprus is the most striking case in point. Ever since the British occupation of that

island, application has been made again and again to the Treasury for a grant to excavate, but all to no purpose. In 1881 a small private subscription was placed at Mr. Newton's disposal, which enabled him to procure an important representative collection of Cypriote pottery, but with this small exception nothing was for a long time done. We neither dug ourselves nor permitted others to dig. At length in despair at this dog-inthe manger policy the local government arranged to issue permits to private individuals to dig under certain conditions, and from that time till now the ancient sites have been scratched at by all kinds of speculators with whom scientific results were as a general rule neglected in favour of commercial considerations. It is true that in most cases the pottery of Cyprus does not present much variety, and the collection already in the British Museum is fairly representative; but every now and again a good thing turns up which has to be bought at an advanced price from the finder, unless, indeed, he can obtain a still longer price from the foreign museums, to which it is of course with lamentable impartiality offered.

This question has a peculiar interest for us just at the present; for the first time a site has been discovered, at Poli-tis-Chrysokhou, which has given results belonging to, and worthy of, the best period of Greek art. There are now in the British Museum, three objects from this site which are each of them in their way gems of the first water; the one is a silver ring on which in place of bezel a golden fly has alighted: a fly of such wonderful truth to nature, and yet such cunning skill, that even that prince of goldsmiths, Signor Giuliano, to whom I showed it, pronounces it a marvel of his art. With this comes a charming little alabastron, an exact terra-cotta imitation of the alabaster ointment vases from which it takes its name, decorated with two wild Maenads in polychrome colours on a white ground, and signed by (P)asiades.

This

1 It is only fair to say that the excavations recently conducted in Cyprus on behalf of the German Institute by Herr Duemmler, of which a valuable account is given in the Mittheilungen xi. pp. 209-262, are a signal exception to this rule. Herr Richter too, in his various speculative operations has often contrived to harmonize the interests of science with those of his numerous employers.