from diphtheria and croup, 5; whooping-cough, 3; smallpox, 4; typhoid fever, 13; tuberculosis, 10; pneumonia, 26; bronchitis, 7; cancer, 5. Typhoid fever, according to most recent reports from other sources, is approaching epidemic prevalence, attributed to the same cause as Butler's epidemic-foul water and insufficient vigilance with regard to cases brought hither by persons from Butler.

UTAH.-Salt Lake City, 75,000. Deaths, 45-6 under 5 years. from typhoid fever, 3; tubercle of lungs, 4; cancer, 4; organic diseases of the heart, 3; pneumonia. 3; Bright's disease, 4; senile debility, 5.

Report for November: Annual death rate, 7.20. Deaths

WASHINGTON.-Seattle, 125,000. Report for for November: Deaths, 95-13 under 5 years. Annual death rate, 9.12. Deaths from tuberculosis, 5; typhoid fever, 4; diphtheria, I; organic heart diseases, 15; Bright's disease, 4; cancer, 2; pneumonia, 6.

WISCONSIN.-Milwaukee, 315,000. Report for November: Deaths, 325-81 under 5 years; annual death rate, 12.55. Deaths from typhoid fever, 4; diphtheria and croup, 5; phthisis, 29; pneumonia and broncho-pneumonia, 29; bronchitis, 15; cancer, 17; organic heart disease, 29; diarrheal diseases, under 2 years, 15; Bright's disease, 21; congenital debility, 25; senile debility, 21; violence, 25; suicide, 6; accidents, 18.

PHILIPPINES. Manila, 219,941. Report for July, 1903: The decrease in the population of the city since the Board of Health census of 1901 is attributed to the return to the provinces of persons who had previously sought security in Manila as a result of the unsettled conditions prevailing in the country districts after the late insurrection.

Population of Manila.-Americans, 4,389; Filipinos, 189,782; Spaniards, 2,528; other Europeans, 1,117; Chinese, 21,230; all others, 895; total, 219.941.

During the month there were 42 cases of cholera in the city, with 38 deaths. It will be noticed that the disease was of a very virulent type. These cases were scattered through the month, only one or two occurring daily. During July the city was threatened with a most serious outbreak of cholera, as a very active epidemic developed in the towns of Montalbon, San Mateo, and Mariquina, lying along the Mariquina River above the intake of the Manila

water supply. As the authorities of Rizal Province, in which these towns lie, showed themselves unable to properly cope with the situation, the Board of Health for the Philippine Islands assumed immediate charge of sanitary matters, sent a corps of physicians. sanitary inspectors, and disinfectors to the Mariquina Valley from Manila, obtained a larger military guard for the purpose of quarantining the river, established the pail conservancy system for the reception of human excreta in Mariquina and San Mateo, and organized an efficient corps of scavengers for the collection and proper disposal of the same. By these measures the infection of the Manila water supply, which at first appeared almost inevitable, was avoided and the disease stamped out in thirty days. Much credit for the results obtained should be given to Dr. Arlington Pond, the medical inspector in charge, who handled this most difficult problem with marked energy and discretion.

As a result of the measures taken for its control, and particularly as a result of the preventive inoculation of the Chinese, the plague situation for the month showed marked improvement.

With the establishment of the rains the usual seasonal decrease of smallpox has been noted.

Deaths from all causes, 620-363 under 5 years. Aggregate annual death rate, 33.21. Americans, 4, death rate, 10.74; Filipinos, 569, death rate, 35.32; Spaniards, 3, death rate, 13.98; other Europeans, 2, death rate, 21.09; Chinese, 41, death rate, 22.75; all others, 1, death rate, 13.16.

Deaths from typhoid fever, 7; intermittent fever and malarial cachexia, 10; cholera, 33; dysentery, 18; plague, 7; other epidemic infections, 23; tuberculosis of the lungs, 68; eclampsia (non-puerperal), 42; convulsions of children, 154; bronchitis, 56; diarrhea and enteritis, 34; cancer, 3; pneumonia, 1!

CUBA.-Chief Sanitary Officer reports on vital statistics for the month of October, 1903: Within the district of Havana the total mortality was 476, against 425 in the preceding 31 days, and against 412 in October, 1902. Annual death rate of 21.35. The mortality among children under 5 years old, 115, as against 123 in the preceding month, and 98 in October of last year. The increased death rate as compared with that of the preceding month was principally due to scarlet fever (+20); cerebral hemorrhage or congestion (+11); diseases of the heart and arteries (+15); diseases of the kidneys (+6); infantile tetanus (+ 4). There was, however, a marked decrease in the deaths from tuberculosis

(82 against 93); from infantile diarrhea (11 against 25); from simple meningitis (24 against 37).

The Havana Sanitary Department has been kept busy during this month endeavoring to control the propagation of scarlet fever, which, though of a mild type, has reached a figure unprecedented in our records. On the 30th of September there were 82 cases on hand, 6 deaths having occurred in that month, while on the 31st of October there were 465; 534 new cases having been reported during the month, with 26 deaths. All the confirmed cases, even those of a mild type, have been isolated either at their homes or in a special ward at "Las Animas" Hospital; that ward and its personnel being carefully isolated from the rest of the establishment. Schools where any cases had developed were ordered to be closed, and children from infected premises forbidden from going to school. A sign of warning is placed at the door of every infected house or room, and, when necessary, a guard is placed at the entrance to prevent undue communication. The premises are disinfected as soon as practicable after the patient has been removed or after the skin has ceased to peel off. Laundries in which cases have been discovered are either closed or not allowed to deliver clothes without previous disinfection by the Department.

No case of yellow fever or of smallpox originating on the island has been reported. Three cases of yellow fever have, however, been imported from Veracruz. One arrived October 6th, on the steamship Monterey; the other two arrived October 9th on the steamship Prinz Adalbert; all three were discharged cured.

Of the 82 municipalities on the island 61 (including Havana and representing an aggregate population estimated at 1,534,766 inhabitants) have sent in their reports showing 1,694 deaths from all causes in the month of October, equivalent to the annual death rate of 12.93 per thousand. No quarantinable diseases figure in any of those reports. Sporadic cases of scarlet fever have occurred in Matanzas, Batabano, Guines, Guanajay, Cienfuegos, all of which towns have railroad communication with Havana, but so far in none of those places has the disease showed any signs of spreading.

Report for the year 1902: The death rate of Havana from all causes decreased from 48.20 in 1871 to 21.20 in 1902; the mortality from tuberculosis decreased from 7.38 in 1872 to 3.43 in 1902; the mortality from yellow fever decreased from 5.21 in 1871 to nil in 1902. The same is true for smallpox, which disease caused a death rate of 5.92 during 1871, with no death reported from this cause during 1902.

BOOK REVIEWS.

CHILDREN OF THE TENEMENTS. BY JACOB A. RIIS, author of "The Making of an American," "The Battle with the Slums," "How the Other Half Lives," etc. 12mo. Pp. 387. Price $1.50. New York: The Macmillan Co.

A little about Mr. Riis will doubtless add to the reader's interest in "Children of the Tenements" and other books which he has written. He was born in 1849 in the town of Ribe, on the northeast coast of Denmark. His boyhood and youth, of which he

writes with the most genuine charm in the early portion of "The Making of an American," were spent in his native town, except for four years when he was in Copenhagen learning his trade as a builder's apprentice. But all this time he loved his boyhood's sweetheart; and when her parents decided that a common carpenter would not do for their beautiful daughter, he went out into the world to seek his fortune. It was on Whit-Sunday, 1870, that the Glasgow steamer landed Mr. Riis in New York, "with a pair of strong hands and stubbornness enough to do for two." Thereafter he plunged into any kind of work which he could get to do, at one time toiling among a settlement of honest Welshmen in the

back hills, later in a coal mine, again for a truck-farmer, still later in a brick yard, always hunting for some steady employment that would give him a living and a future. It was a long road indeed before he learned to make his way against the current and really began life as a newspaper man. He made a success of his newspaper, and returned to Denmark for his sweetheart; but it was not for some months after his marriage that he really began the work of his life as a reporter at police headquarters on Mulberry street, New York.

He plunged waist deep into everything that was worth while, every movement for law and order and decency and right and freedom and better civilization. But through it all he had a great deal of fun, besides doing an immense amount of good; and that is one reason why his book, "The Making of an American," published two years ago, is still one of the most popular books in the United States. Much of it, though happy and gay, is more deeply and genuinely affecting than the saddest fiction ever written; and from beginning to end it tells the story of one of the bravest fights against all kinds of obstacles that has ever been waged. The book abounds, too, in good stories, such as the famous one about the fireman who, wishing to honor the memory of the dead reporter, but being obliged through press of time to leave it to the florist, found themselves on the solemn occasion face to face with a huge wreath bearing the legend, "Admit Within Fire Lines Only." "We will strive together for all that is noble and good" has been the text of Mr. Riis' whole life; and he sums up his career in the two simple sentences: "I have been very happy. No man ever had so good a time." And the book is all written with the vigor and the almost riotous zest in living and doing which has been Mr. Riis's driving power throughout his notable career.

"I never could fake anything; I have sometimes wished I could," he remarked in reply to some inquiries about "Children of the Tenements." And he went on to say that every incident related in the book as fiction actually happened within his own knowledge. Incidents have been grouped together which did not happen consecutively; but every incident and scene has actually happened in the way set forth. Some things can be told a great deal better in fiction than through any other medium; and this volume presents the most complete and the truest and the most varied picture of the New York slums which has ever been created. The fact that the pooper people are the more kind and charitable and generous they are to each other has never been more strongly brought out.