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Chaque gentilhomme a le droit de donner sa voix dans l'élection d'un roi, et de pouvoir 1 l'être lui-même. Ce plus beau des droits est joint au plus grand des abus: le trône est presque toujours à l'enchère; et comme un Polonais est rarement assez riche pour l'acheter, il a été vendu souvent aux étrangers. La noblesse et le clergé défendent leur liberté contre le roi, et l'ôtent au reste de la nation. Tout le peuple y est esclave; tant la destinée des hommes est que le plus grand nombre soit partout, de façon ou d'autre, subjugué par le plus petit! là le paysan ne sème point pour lui, mais pour des seigneurs à qui lui, son champ, et le travail de ses mains appartiennent, et qui peuvent le vendre et l'égorger avec le bétail de la terre. Tout ce qui est gentilhomme ne dépend que de soi; il faut1, pour le juger dans une affaire criminelle, une assemblée entière de la nation; il ne peut être arrêté qu'après avoir été condamné; ainsi il n'est presque jamais puni. Il y en a beaucoup de pauvres; ceux-là se mettent1 au service des plus puissants, en reçoivent un salaire, font les fonctions les plus basses. Ils aiment mieux servir leurs égaux que de s'enrichir par le commerce, et en pansant les chevaux de leurs maîtres ils se donnent le titre d'électeurs des rois et de destructeurs des tyrans. (Voltaire, Charles XII.)

2. Grammatical Questions.

1. Write out the primitive tenses of the verbs marked (1). 2. Why is the verb soit in the subjunctive mood?

3. Write the word "bétail" in the plural.

4. Name the verbs with which the negation is generally better expressed by ne alone, instead of by ne pas.

5. How do you translate the preposition "to" before names of countries and towns ?

6. What mood of a verb is used after a preposition ?

7. What difference is there between the following expressions:"L'un l'autre ; L'un et l'autre." "Plutôt; Plus tôt."

que; Quoi que "?

"Quoi

8. What French expressions answer to the English, at my house

ENGLAND.

PRELIMINARY GENERAL EXAMINATION.-Midsummer, 1860.

WEDNESDAY June 27th.-Afternoon, 8} to 5.

MATHEMATICS.

Examiner-THE REV. T. J. POTTER, M.A.

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I. GEOMETRY.

1. Define a plane, circle, square, and rectangle. Write out the 12th Axiom.

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2. If two angles of a triangle be equal to each other, the sides also which subtend, or are opposite to, the equal angles shall be equal.

3. Bisect a given finite straight line.

4. If a straight line falling on two other straight lines make the alternate angles equal to each other, these two straight lines shall be parallel.

5. Parallelograms upon the same base and between the same parallels are equal to one another.

The perimeter of a square is less than that of any other parallelogram of equal area.

6. If a straight line be divided into any two parts, the squares of the whole line and of one of the parts are equal to twice the rectangle contained by the whole and that part, together with the square of the other part.

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II. ALGEBRA.

1. Given a=4, b=−3, c=0, find the value of

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2. Divide the product of 3-1 and x2-x+1, by x1+x2+1;

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4. Solve the following equations:

(i.) (x-2)+ } (x−3) = † (2x-5).

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5. If A and B together can do a piece of work in a days, B and

C in b days, A and C in c days; in how many days can each do it separately?

ENGLAND.

PRELIMINARY GENERAL EXAMINATION.- -Midsummer 1861.

MONDAY, June 3rd.-Morning, 10 to 12.

ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND COMPOSITION.

Examiner-J. P. BIDLAKE, Esq., B.A. LOND.

1. Of what do Etymology and Syntax respectively treat?

2. State the different methods of forming the feminines of nouns; and give examples of each.

3. Give the plural forms of index, brother, penny, die, genius; and state the difference of meaning between them.

4. Explain fully the mode of forming the possessive case.

5. Write the past tenses and past participles of the verbs, be, go, lie, lay, sit, work, beseech, begin.

6. From what languages are the following prefixes and suffixes derived, and what do they severally imply?—with-, mis-, ante-, anti-; -trix, -ess, -ster, -ling. Give an example of each.

7. Analyse the following passage, and parse the words in italics :Within a window'd niche of that high hall

Sate Brunswick's fated chieftain; he did hear
That sound the first amid the festival,

And caught its tone with Death's prophetic ear;
And when they smiled because he deem'd it near,
His heart more truly knew the peal too well
That stretch'd his father on a bloody bier,

And roused the vengeance blood alone could quell;
He rushed into the field, and, foremost fighting fell!

8. Write a brief composition on one of the following subjects:

(a.) The progressive development of the English language.
(b.) The life and times of any one of the English poets.
(c.) The history of any recent discovery in science.

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