VOLUME LXII The Annals NOVEMBER, 1915 EDITOR: CLYDE LYNDON KING ASSISTANT EDITOR: T. W. VAN METRE EDITOR BOOK DEPT.: ROSWELL C. MCCREA EDITORIAL COUNCIL: J. C. BALLAGH, THOMAS CONWAY, JR., S. S. HUEBNER, CARL THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE 36TH AND WOODLAND AVENUE PHILADELPHIA 1915 Copyright, 1915, by AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE All rights reserved EUROPEAN AGENTS ENGLAND: P. S. King & Son, Ltd., 2 Great Smith St., Westminster, London, S. W. GERMANY: Mayer & Müller, 2 Prinz Louis Ferdinandstrasse, Berlin, N. W. ITALY: Giornale Degli Economisti, via Monte Savello, Palazzo Orsini, Rome. THE ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE, Pend Vol. LXII NOVEMBER, 1915 Whole No. 151 Public Issued Bi-Monthly by the American Academy of Political and Social Science at Concord, New Hampshire. Editorial Office, Woodland Avenue and 36th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Entered as second-class matter at the post-office at Concord, New Hampshire, under Act of August 24, 1912. AND SOCIAL SCIENCE Origin and Purpose. The Academy was organized December 14, 1889, to provide a national forum for the discussion of political and social questions. The Academy does not take sides upon controverted questions, but seeks to secure and present reliable information to assist the public in forming an intelligent and accurate opinion. Publications. The Academy publishes annually six issues of its "Annals" dealing with the six most prominent current social and political problems. Each publication contains from twenty to twenty-. five papers upon the same general subject. The larger number of the papers published are solicited by the Academy; they are serious discussions, not doctrinaire expressions of opinion. The Academy publications, now approaching one hundred and fifty in number, give the most comprehensive account anywhere obtainable of the political and social questions that have been before the American people during the past quarter century. Meetings. The Academy holds five scientific sessions each year during the winter months, and it also has an annual meeting in April, extending over two full days and including six sessions. The papers of permanent value presented at the meetings are included in the Academy publications. Membership. The subscription price of THE ANNALS is $6.00 per year. Single copies are sold at $1.00 each. THE ANNALS are supplied to all members of the Academy. Membership in the Academy may be secured by applying to the Secretary, 36th Street and Woodland Avenue, Philadelphia. The membership fee is $5.00; life membership fee, $100. Members not only receive all the regular publications of the Academy, but are also invited to attend and take part in the scientific meetings, and have the privilege of applying to the Editorial Council or information upon current political and social questions. CONTENTS Page PART I-THE BUDGET IDEA AND THE NATIONAL BUDGET BUDGET MAKING AND THE WORK OF GOVERNMENT...... Henry Jones Ford, Professor of Politics, Princeton University. EVOLUTION OF THE BUDGET IDEA IN THE UNITED STATES. Frederick A. Cleveland, Director, Bureau of Municipal Research, New S. Gale Lowrie, Professor of Political Science, University of Cincinnati. BUDGET METHODS IN ILLINOIS.... John A. Fairlie, Professor of Political Science, University of Illinois; Director, Efficiency and Economy Committee, State of Illinois. PART III-PUBLIC BUDGETS AND EFFICIENCY IN THE PUBLIC BUDGETS TAXATION AND THE MUNICIPAL BUDGET..... Milton E. Loomis, New York University, School of Commerce, Ac- 295314 |