CAMEO XXXI. Demands of the Commons. 1642. At Dover, the King received a paper containing a list of the deputy-lieutenants for each county, which he was called on to sanction, instead of himself, as heretofore, nominating them. He put it off, but a more urgent message met him at Canterbury together with tidings that the Commons were prosecuting the Attorney-General for having obeyed his orders by accusing the five members; that they had forbidden that his eldest son should accompany him to York, whither he had intended to take him, and that they had intercepted and opened a letter from Lord Digby to the Queen. He showed much displeasure at these unprecedented insults, but made no decisive answer, until at Greenwich the Marquis of Hertford brought the Prince of Wales to him in defiance of the orders of the Parliament. Then, when his family were secure, he sent answer that the militia might be under the command of those gentlemen named, provided he reserved the right of changing them, and that the principal towns were exempted, and he then proceeded slowly towards York. At Theobalds twelve Commissioners overtook him to declare that the Commons had voted his answer to be a denial, and that unless he retracted, they should dispose of the militia without his consent, and that his return to London could alone prevent the evils with which the country was threatened. "I am so much amazed at this message," he said, "that I know not what to answer. You speak of jealousies and fears. Lay your hands on your hearts, and ask yourselves whether I may not likewise be disturbed with fears and jealousies." He declared that he had granted all he could with honour respecting the militia, and even added, "For my residence near you, I wish it might be safe and honourable, and that I had no cause to absent myself from Whitehall. Ask yourselves whether I have not." He proceeded, but was overtaken again by fresh messengers at Newmarket, among them Lords Pembroke and Holland, and the following conversation was afterwards reported. "What would you have?" said Charles. "Have I violated your laws? Have I refused to pass any bill for the ease and security of my subjects? I do not ask what you have done for me. If there are any among you who still retain any fears, I offer as free a pardon as you yourselves can desire." "But the militia, sir," said Lord Holland. "The militia! I did not refuse it." If your Majesty would at least return near the Parliament." Do you think your find such arts of "The Parliament," said Lord Pembroke, "has already begged of your Majesty to return. "Your declaration proves that your words are not to be regarded." "Will your Majesty deign to tell us what you desire before you can return." "I would have a child in Westminster school whipped who could not discover in my answer what I meant." "Would it not be possible to put the militia in the power of Parliament at least for a limited time?" "No! not for an hour! You require in that what was never before required of a king. What I would not grant to my wife or children.” Then he added, "The business of Ireland will never be settled by the means which you have chosen. An assembly of four hundred persons will never do it. It must be entrusted to the care of one man. If I had the management, I would pledge my life that it should be settled. I am now but a beggar, yet I could find money to execute it." In this conference the die was cast. The turning point had come between peace and war. САМЕО XXXI. Decision of 1642. INDEX. ABBOTT, Dr. Geo., made Archbishop, 1611, 69; Aberdeen, forced into the Covenant, 1639, 309 Academy, French, the, in 1657, 296; origin and Acadie (Canada), first French settlement, 51 Alais, peace of, 1629, 218 Albert, Archduke. 136; death of, 171 Aldringen, General, of Wallenstein, 260; fails Algiers, pirates of, 156 Altar, position of the, altered by Archbishop Amboyna, settlement of, in 1612, by English Andrewes, Dean of Westminster, at Hampton Angoulême, Duke of, at siege of Rochelle, 212 Anne, Queen, demands the Prince Henry from VOL. VI. the King, ib.; bent on keeping her original Apocrypha, the, at Hampton Court Confer- ence, 24 Archer, Thomas, a witness against Byrne, Ardfert, revenues of the see of, 280 Armada, an enormous, fitted out by Spain to Arnauld, Angélique, made Superioress of the CC Arnauld family, history of the, 52 Army Plot of Charles I. for the release of Strafford, 345 Articles of Perth, 111 et seq. Arundel, Earl of, imprisoned, 200; at the conference with the Covenanters, 324 Assembly, General, of Edinburgh 325 Assembly, General, at Glasgow, 1638, 307: proclaimed, ib; illegally continued, ib.; annuls Acts passed since 1606, including the Articles of Perth, ib.; trial of the Bishops by, ib.; broke up on 20th December, 1638, 308 Asturias, Prince of, married by proxy to Princess Elizabeth, daughter to Marie de Medicis, 94 Augsburg, Treaty of, 1552, 136 Austria and France, war between, in Italy, 225 BACON, Solicitor-General, speech in favour of union of Scotland and England, 66 Bacon, Sir Francis, made Lord Keeper, 82; his impeachment, 153; gifts to him as Lord Chancellor, ib.; fall of, 154; tried by his peers, ib.; death, 155 Balcanquall, Walter, author of "the Large Declaration" against the Covenanters, 326 Balfour, Sir William, Lieutenant of the Tower, 303; refuses to allow Strafford's removal, 345: threatens to take Strafford's head if Charles did not consent to his execution, 348; at the execution of Strafford, 350 Balmerinoch, Lord, receives the Scotch petition from Haig of Bemerside, 300; prosecution of, ib.; conviction cf, ib.; pardoned by Charles I.. ib. Bancroft, Bishop of London, at Hampton Court Conference, 21; death of, 68; epigram on, ib; founds Library at Lambeth Palace.ib. Banier, the best Swedish General under Gustavus Adolphus, 235; his quarrels with Hamilton, ib. Baptism, discussion concerning, at Hampton Court Conference, 22; sign of Cross at, 24 Barberini, Cardinal, became Pope Urban VIII., 164 Barneveldt, John van Olden, sent by Dutch to interview James I., 9; and the Arminian Persecution, 99; his protection of the Dissenters from the Catechism of Heidelberg, ib.: his support of Vorstius, 100; is opposed by Maurice, Prince of Orange, or; imprisoned, 102; trial of, 104; execution, 1c6 Baronet, creation of title of, 128 Barry, Gerald, 356 Barton, Rev., his libellous sermons, 1637, trial and sentence, 286 Barwalde, Treaty of, between Gustavus Adolphus and the French, 231 Basilicon Doron, presented by James to his son Henry, Prince of Wales. 3 Bassompierre, Marshal de la, his betrothal with Charlotte Montmorency, 56; courtier of Marie de Medicis, 86; sent from France as mediator between Charles I. and his wife, 192; present at the siege of Rochelle, 212, being an enemy of Richelieu, sent to the Bastile, 248 Bastwick, Dr., author of Medico Mastix, 286; tried for libel and sentenced, ib. ; sentence revised and escorted to London in triumph,335 Bates, conspirator in Gunpowder Plot, 35: capture of, 42; confesses on being racked, 42; trial of, 43; execution of, 44 Baynham, Sir Ed., goes to Roine in connection with Gunpowder Plot, 35 Beaumont, 2 Beaumont, M. de, French Ambassador at Court of James I._9 Bedell, William, Bishop of Kilmore and Ardagh, 279; his zeal, 280, 281; imprisoned in Laughouter Castle, 358; death, ib. Bedford, Earl of, offered the great offices of State by Charles I. if Strafford's life is spared, 346; sudden death of, ib. Bedford, Lady, meets Queen Anne at Berwick.7 Beecher, Sir William, secretary to Bucking. ham, 205 Belhaven, Lord of, his behaviour at the conference of 1628, 299 Bell, John, at the General Assembly of Edinburgh, 1639, 325 Berkeley, Judge, arrested, 336 Berkshire, Earl of, opponent of Buckingham for the post of Chancellorship of University of Cambridge, 200 Bernhard, secures Ratisbon and threatens Silesia, 259; his disposition, iö. Bernard of Saxe-Weimar, Protestant Commander during the Thirty Years' War, 310: retreat of after the battle of Nordlingen, 311: receives assistance from Richelieu, ib.; irvited to France and presented to Louis XIII., 312; opposes the imperial forces in Elsass, 312; his successes in Alsace, 316. Richelieu's interference with, ib.; death of. in 1639. ib. Bertie, Robert, Earl of Lindsay, commander of the fleet, after Buckingham's death, 215. carries aid to Rochelle, zb.; efforts vain, 216; retreat, ib. Berulle, Pierre de. his connection with French Church, 89; plan of, 90; made chief of the Oratory in Paris, ib. Berwick-on-Tweed, James I. received with a peal of ordnance from the fortress at, 4 treaty of. 324 Bible, petition for fresh translation of, 23 Revision of, 1607. 26; published 1611, 27 Bishops, in Scotland, overthrow of the, in 1638, 308 Bishops, protest of the. 368; eleven impeache for high treason, ib.; and sent to the Tower with exception of Bishops of Durham and Lichfield, who were old and infirm,zb.; release of the, ib.; further imprisonment. ib.; B passed excluding them from Parliament, 373 Blair, Mr. Robert, 208; his visitation sermon, 1626, 281 Bogislav, Duke of Pomerania, 223: interviewed by Gustavus Adolphus. 229: persuaded to resist the Emperor, ib.; names Gustavus Adolphus as his heir, 230; death of. 314 Bohemians, revolt of, 221; subjugation of. ib. Book of Sports, drawn up by James I., 117; republished by Charles I., 276 |