Introductory-Elementary Education-The Bible-Juvenile Books-Read
ing for Amusement-Method in Reading-Remarks to the Ladies-Gene-
.ral Literature-State of Man before the Cultivation of Letters-When
Letters were invented-Lettered men of the Early Ages-Influence of
Letters upon Man-Effect of Letters decried by Certain Reasoners-Their
Assertions Denied-Letters more Glorious and Permanent than Art-The
English Language-The Saxon Language-The Saxons and Normans-
Layman's works-Robert De Brunne's History of England-Reign of
the Romans-Romances-Age of Chivalry-Fictions of the present day-
Johnson's Rasselas-Godwin's St. Leon-Caleb Williams-Sir Walter
Scott-Novels founded on Fact-The father of English Poetry-Objects of
the Poetry of his Predecessors-These Objects Reformed by Chaucer-Ge-
nius of Chaucer-Byron's opinion of him-Chaucer's Contemporaries-
Chaucer's Satire-Dryden and Pope's opinion of him, &c.-John Gower-
Originality and Genius-Gower's Monument-John the Chaplain-Tho-
mas Occleve-Henry V.-Society-Lydgate-Criticism Evidence of Mental
Light-The Laurel Crown of Italy and England-John Kay, Poet Laureate
to Edward IV. Poetical Distinctions-Barclay-Skelton-Lord Surry-
The Father of English Blank Verse-Blank Verse-Sir John Mandeville,
the Traveller-Effect of the Accounts of his Travels-Ralph Higden-Tre-
visa-His translation of the Bible-Wickliffe, the Reformer-Malice of the
Popes against his Memory-Founder of the Protestant Religion-Bishop
Peacock-Sir John Fortescue-Use of Printing-William Caxton-The
first book printed in England-Chronicles of England-Similarity of
Thought and Expression in Different Languages-Effect of Expelling the
Greek Scholars from Constantinople-Sir Thomas More-Wilson, the
Rhetorician-Figurative Language-William Fullward-The reigns of
Edward and Mary-Reign of Elizabeth-The Scriptures-Lady Jane
Grey-Source of American Literature-Parallel between the Literature
of that age and the present-General Diffusion of Literature.

CHAPTER II.

The age of Elizabeth-Spenser-The Fairy Queen-Its characteristics-Mo-

nument to Spenser, by Ann, Countess of Dorset-Imitations of his Stanzas

-Extracts,"Description of Prince Arthur"-"Description of Belphebe"--

Drayton-Extract, "Description of Lady Geraldine"-Roger Ascham-

The Schoolmaster-John Fox-Hollingshead-Raleigh-Selby-Cecil-

Stow-Knolles-Agard-Richard Hooker-Ecclesiastical Polity-Shaks-

peare-Youthful Indiscretion-Flight to London-Entry upon the Stage-

His plays-Power of his Genius and Imagination-His Education-His

Writings the Production of Profound Thought-The Stage-The Mind of

Man-Richard III.-Lady Macbeth-Macbeth-Shades of Character-Suc-

cessful Delineations of the Human Passions-Inferior and Super-human

Beings-Caliban-Ariel-Shakspeare's universal Exhibition of Character

-The Poet of Nature-Francis Bacon, the Great Reformer in Philosophy-

The English Language-Sufferings of Bacon from the Meanness of those

around him-Robert Burton-Anatomy of Melancholy-Milton-His in-

timation to do something for the Honor of his Country-Made Latin Se-

cretary of State-Loss of his Eye-sight-Paradise Lost-Extract from

"the Mask of Comus."

34

CHAPTER III.

Sir William Davenant-Cowley-Dryden-Little and Shadwell-Sir Chris-

topher Wren-Matthew Prior-De Foe-Addison-Sir Isaac Newton-

Pope-Young-Thomas Parnell-Dr. Arbuthnot-Gay-Swift--Bolingbroke

-Sir Wm. Temple-Dr. Watts-Extract, the "Indian Philosopher."

65

CHAPTER IV.

Lord Lyttleton-Earl of Chesterfield-Thomson-Extract, "The Temple of

Liberty"-Sterne-Akenside-Extract from the "Pleasures of Imagina-

tion"-Shenstone-Extract, "Jemmy Dawson"-Collins-Extract, "To

Fear"-The Elder Pitt-Lord Mansfield-Goldsmith-Extract from the

"Deserted Village"-Edmund Burke-Fox-Sir Joshua Reynolds-Dr.

Johnson-Beattie-Junius--Churchill-Lloyd--John Wilkes--Thomas

and Joseph Warton-Extracts, "The Suicide"-" Ode to Superstition."

83

CHAPTER V.

Cowper-Extract from "The Task"-Sir William Jones-Extract, "Soli-

ma"-Southey-Coleridge-Godwin-Rogers-Extract, "Verses, written

to be spoken by Mrs. Siddons"-Thomas Campbell-Extracts from the

"Pleasures of Hope"-" Hohenlinden."

- 119

CHAPTER VI.

"Crabbe-Extract, "Phoebe Dawson"-Hume, the Historian-Lingard Sha-

ron Turner-Croly--Thomas Moore-Extract, "Go where Glory waits

thee"-William L. Bowles-Extract, "To Time"-Rev. Henry Milman-

Extract, "Ode to the Saviour"-Byron-Extract, "Stanzas"-Shelly-Ex-

tract, "Dedication to the Revolt of Islam"-Pursuits of Literature, by

Mathias-The age of Fiction-Mrs. Radcliff-Miss Edgeworth-Walter

Scott.

· 167

CHAPTER VII.

Classical Learning-Extract from Milton-History-Biography-Eloquence

-Geography-Homer-Account of his Birth and Life, supposed by Hero-

dotus-His Works-Extracts, "Watch of the Trojans before the walls of

Troy" Part of the "Hymn to Apollo"-Hesiod-Extract, "Combat of

Hercules and Cygnus"-Pindar-Extract from the Second Olympic

Ode"-The Dramatic Poets-The Age of Philosophy-Plato-Demosthe-

nes-Extract from "Olynthiac the Third"-Isocrates-Greek Historians

-Herodotus-Thucydides-Xenophon.

167

CHAPTER VIII.

The History of the Roman Empire-Numa-Lucius Junius Brutus-The

Consuls-The Dictator-The Tribunes-Coriolanus-Spurius Cassius

Viscillinus-The Twelve Tables-The Decemvir-Appius Claudius and

Virginius-Payment of Soldiers-Rome Burnt and Re-built-The Punic

Wars against the Carthagenians, ending with the destruction of Carthage

-Rome conquers Greece-The Gracchii-Corruption 'of the Senate-Ma-

rius and Sylla-Lepidus and Pompey-Catiline's Conspiracy-Cæsar-The

Triumvirate-First Emperor-Mecænas-Tiberius-Caligula-Claudius-

Nero-Vespacian-Trajan-Adrian-The Antonies-Constantine--Livy

-Tacitus-Pliny the Elder-Pliny the Younger-Policy of the Romans-

Their Architecture-Poets and Philosophers-The Moderns more indebt-

ed to Greece than to Rome-Lucretius and Catullus-Virgil-Extracts,

Tityrus and Melibus"-" Pollio"-Horace-Extract, "Ode to Lollius"

-"Ode to Mecænas"-Ovid-Extract, "Elegy on his Exile"-Juvenal-

Claudian-Extract, "The Old Man of Verona"-The Ancient Oracles and

Mysteries-Sybilline Oracles-Extract from Milton-Superstitions traced

to the diseases of the Body or Mind-Modern Witchcraft-Extract from

Beattie.

CHAPTER IX.

Division and Decline of the Roman Empire-The Huns-The Goths-Ala-
ric Subdues Rome-Attila-Theodoric-West and East Goths-Belisa-

212

rius-Christians and Pagans-Mahomet-The Koran-Progress in Building and Sailing Ships-Spread of Christianity-Spread of Literature and Philosophy-Foundation of Venice-Its Civil Government-The Doge⚫ Commerce of Venice-Florence-The Arabs-The Enthusiasm for Literature in the Ninth Century-The Arabic Language-The Pandects of Justinian-France and England-The Magna Charta-Polarity of Magnetized Iron-Constantinople Conquered by the French and Venetians-Abandoned by the Conquerors-Held by the Greeks-Taken by the Turks-Progress of Navigation-Portugal-Commencement of Discoveries-Madeira Islands-Cape De Verd Islands-The Azores-Passing of the Line-Cape of Good Hope-The Genoese-The Tuscans-Casmo De Medicis-Lorenzo the Magnificent-Columbus' first Voyage of Discovery-The Mediterranean-Columbus-Jealousy of the Portuguese-Henry VII.-The Brother of Columbus-Juan Peres-Isabella-Jealousy of the Spanish-The Fleet of Columbus-Sailing of the Expedition-Irving's Life of ColumbusOjeda-Amerigo Vespucci-Derivation of America-The Fame of Columbus-John Cabot-The Discoverer of the Western Continent-Newfoundland-Sebastian Cabot-South America-Cabral-Brazil-Luther and Calvin-Settlement of America-The Characters of Columbus and Cabot-History of Cortes-Conquest of Montezuma-History of Guatimozin--Cruelty of Cortes-Pizarro--Cruelties of the Spaniards, and Forbearance of the Chil dren of the Sun-Tupac Amaru-His Execution-The Republics of South America-Queen Elizabeth-Sir Humphrey Gilbert-Takes formal Possession of Newfoundland-Budeius-Gilbert's Ship founders in a Storm -Energy of Sir Walter Raleigh-Amadas and Barlow-Their Character of the Aboriginals of America-Sir Richard Grenville-Governor LaneHerriat-Object of those who first came to this Country-Governor Lane and his Colony return home--Sir Richard Grenville leaves a new colony on the Island of Roanoke-Sir Walter Raleigh introduces the use of Tobacco in England-Continues his efforts to settle Virginia-GosnoldJames II.-Elizabeth-Richard Hackluyt-Capt. John Smith-First Settlement on Manhattan Island-Blok and Christaonse-Monopoly of the States General-The first Governor-The Government-Trade-First Child born in America of European Parents-The Waaloons-De Leet's History of the New World-Pirates-Governor Minuit's Deputations to the Governor and Council of Plymouth-Governor Bradford's Reception and Treatment thereof--Courtesy and Good Faith between the Settlements-Von Twiller -Legitimacy of the Settlement acknowledged-The first Settlers-Settlement of Plymouth-Their Early Disaster-Their Arrival and Landing upon Cape Cod-Their Title to the Lands-Reflections upon the Settlement of America-Conclusion.

263.