man Superintendent. The present Stewards are: J. Brawford, D. W. Reed, John Stillman, P. C. Huffman, H. O. Dayton, M. W. Nesmith, J. S. Nitterauer, A. T. Stillman and L. Eells; and the Trustees: G. H. Bryant, H. J. Bentley, E. D. Purdy, D. W. Reed, Henry Dayton and J. S. Nitterauer. From the conference minutes it is found that in 1856 this charge was "to be supplied." Since that year the pastors have been: John Fawcett, 1857-8; W. E. McCormac, 1858-60; F. C. Mather, 1860-62; J. F. Hestwood, 1862-61; A. Falkner, 1864-5; B. D. Alden 1865–7; Rufus Ricker, 1867-9; J. R. Cameron, 1869-72; Wm. Cobb, 1872-74; B. C. Hammond, 1874-7; J. A. Ward, 1877-80; D. Sheffer, 1880-81: T. E. Fleming, 1881- and present pastor.

Catholic. In 1855 Rev. Father Kinsella bought forty acres of land northwest of town, and built thereon a log church, in which his people worshiped for many years. In 1864 they purchased the property of Lewis H. Clark in Waukon, being a part of block 4 in Shattuck's addition, corner of School and High streets, and converted his dwelling into a place of worship. This soon became too small for the growing congregation, and in 1868 the present large brick church was erected on the site of the old building, which was moved a short distance to one side, to the rear of the parsonage. March 9, 1869, the old building was destroyed by a fire, in which the records were lost, and this sketch is necessarily incomplete. Since Father Kinsella its priests have been Farrell, Nagle, Lowry, Brennan, McGowan, and Hawe, who still presides over this charge. The church membership is about one hundred. The church a few years since purchased a part of block 5, opposite their place of worship and parsonage the site of the old public school house-whereon they have this season (1882) erected a fine brick edifice, three stories above the basement, with mansard roof, at a cost of $5,000, for the purpose of a sisters' school.

German Presbyterian. This church was organized by Rev. A. Van Vliet, of Dubuque, August 11, 1856. Its first pastor was Rev. Jacob Kalb, who remained about a year. Rev. Buehren next supplied the field for a short time. After his resignation Rev. Renskers became the regular pastor, and labored here with great ability and success until 1864, and during his pastorate, in 1860, a frame church was built on block 13, Delafield's addition, northeast of the college grounds. It was in recent years purchased and moved off by J. Loughran, who uses it for a seminary. In 1864 a division of the church occurred, those living east of Waukon organizing themselves into the German Reformed Church, east of town, who have built a place of worship there, and the others have since become the German Presbyterian Church of Ludlow. Renskers was succeeded by S. Elliker, under whose administration the church building in Ludlow, which is now used as a school house, was erected in 1865. Rev. Elliker resigned his charge of the Ludlow church Nov. 12. 65, and was succeeded by C. H. Scho

epfle, and he by Wm. Shover in the summer of 1868, who served until Jan. 29, 1871. Rev. Henry Knell was then called, who preached his first sermon there Feb. 12, and was installed by a committee of the Presbytery of Dubuque, consisting of Revs. G. Moery and H. W. Behle, Oct. 22, '71. Under his pastorate the building now used for regular services was erected. He was also the instrument of reuniting those who, in the time of Rev. Shover, had left them and were supplied by a Reformed minister. He organized the Sunday school, and effected great good. His resignation took place Nov. 5, 1877, and he has since died. He was succeeded by Helmer Smidt, who remained only eleven mouths. After him Rev. E. Schuette was called, who preached his first sermon there Jan. 26, '79, and is the present pastor. The church was organized with very few members of whom Simon, Conrad, and August Helming are still living-but has increased largely, its present active members numbering 233, and the Sunday school from 200 to 225.

Cumberland Presbyterian.-The first records of this congregation are unfortunately lost, so this sketch will not be as complete as we wish. The church was organized in 1857, under the labors of Rev. J. C. Armstrong, who was sent by the home board of missions, and began his labors in the autumn of '56. Some twenty persons composed the society; and James Maxwell, J. B. Plank, John Raymond and R. C. Armstrong were chosen and ordained its first ruling elders. Worship was conducted in the public school house until the fall of '58, when its present church edifice, corner of Main and High streets, was completed and occupied. This was the first church built in Waukon, and the completion of so large and fine a structure was quite an event in those days. It has since been improved from time to time, as occasion demanded, and since Feb., '78, has been heated by basement furnace. Rev. Armstrong continued to serve the church until the fall of 1859, and in after years became a missionary to foreign lands. In 1860 Rev. J. Loughran preached in this church, and in 1862 Rev. J. B. Brown, afterwards editor of a Cumberland Presbyterian paper at Nashville, Tenn. In Feb., 1864, Benj. Hall became its pastor. and continued to serve as such during eleven years. He has of late years been in the home missionary field, but still resides in Waukon, and preaches occasionally in his old church to this day. Since Mr. Hall's resignation the pastors have been: J. Wood Miller, 1875-8, (since professor of German in a Pennsylvania college); O. E. Hart, 1878-81; H. D. Onyett, 1881-2, recently resigned. The present membership is about one hundred and ten or twenty; and the elders of the church are C. D. Beeman, J. B. Plank, John Hall, J. G. Ratcliffe and Hosea Low. There is a large Sunday school, of which John Hall is the superintendent.

Episcopal.-In March and April, 1859, Episcopal service was held by Rev. James Bentley, who preached in the C. Presby

terian church Sunday afternoons at five o'clock. April 25th of that year Walter Delafield, Orin Manson, John Griffin, John Phillips, L. B. Cowles, C. Paulk, and A. Parson, organized St. Paul's Parish of the Protestant Episcopal Church,of the diocese of Iowa. The same year they built a small frame church on block 5, Delafield's addition, corner of Liberty and High streets, with James Bently as rector. In the summer of 1860 the building was greatly enlarged and the tower erected. While these improvements were being made, the Sunday School, which was very popular under Delafield's superintendency, was held in Hersey's Hall. A 613 pound Meneely bell, costing $250 was also purchased and placed in position, the first church bell in town. Mr. Bentley served as rector for several years, but afterwards engaged in home mission work, as he still is. In later years Rev. James Allen was elected rector, and after him Rev. Estabrook held services occasionally. In the fall of 1867 Rev. A. M. May came to Waukon as rector, and served the church in that capacity five or six years; but the congregation had been small since early in the sixties, and regular services were finally abandoned. In recent years the church has again been put in good repair, but is as yet unused. Walter Delafield was in 1868 rector of Grace Chapel New York City, and is now rector of a church at some point on the Hudson River.

Congregational. This society was org inized in 1864, and the services of Rev. A. Parker secured as pastor, who was with them two or three years, and was followed by Rev. W. J. Smith, who continued till early in '68. In the spring of that year, Rev. L. D. Boynton became their pastor, and during his stay, which continued only until the following autumn, the society erected the fine brick church north of the court house. Previous to that services had been held in the court housc. From the fall of '65 the church had no regular pastor until August '69, when Rev. Wm. F. Rose came here in that capacity. The society was not large, however, and being disappointed in a manner not to be foreseen when the building was projected, soon found it necessary to dispose of the church property, which in 1871 passed into the possession of the Baptists.

THE PRESS.

The first newspaper published here was the Waukon Journal, free soil in politics, which was established in the spring of 1857, by Frank Belfoy, who ran it about nine months, when it passed into the hands of Frank Pease. The last we know of Belfov be was publishing a paper at some point in Minnesota, about 1876 or '77. Pease upon assuming control changed the title of the paper to the Allamakee Herald, the first number of which was issued Feb. 26, 1858. It was a six-column folio, issued Fridays, and Democratic in politics. M. M. Webster, a lawyer, was with Pease

a portion of the time, as was also one R. K. Smith, who afterwards went South, and his fate is unknown. He was a brother of James C. Smith. The Herald was discontinued in May, 1859. In 1861 or '62 Pease went into the army, and in the spring of 1878 the writer met him at Hot Springs, Ark., of which town he was at that time City Clerk; he had previously been in the newspaper business in that State.

In August, 1859, the paper was revived under the name of Waukon Transcript, (Democratic), by T. H. McElroy, with whom was associated for a while one Doc. Parker, from McGregor, who later went to Kansas. This paper existed less than a year, McElroy selling in 1860 to C. Lohmann, who ran the press off to Boscobel, Wis., while under mortgage. In August McElroy started the Northwestern Democrat, at Lansing, but his whereabouts since we do not know. In '62 Lohmann published the Argus at Lansing.

The North Iowa Journal (Republican) was established at Wau-. kon, in May, 1860, by E. L. Babbitt and W. H. Merrill, who issued the first number May 29th. In 1861 they sold the paper to Leonard G. Calkins and Albert B. Goodwin, and returned to Wyoming Co., N. Y., where Babbitt died a couple of years later. Goodwin shortly after disposed of his interest, and has also since died. In '62 the Journal suffered a temporary suspension, but was revived about August 1st, with Calkins and Cole editors, Chas. B. Cole publisher. In September the name of L. G. Calkins appears as publisher, Cole still being associated with him as local editor. About November Cole assumed the entire control, made its politics Democratic, and early in 1863 sold out to John G. Armstrong, who removed the Journal to Lansing and continued its publication as a Democratic sheet.

For nearly five years thereafter Waukon was without a local paper. In the winter of 1867-8 negotiations were entered into with Chas. W. McDonald, then publishing the Gazette at Blairstown, this state, who came here and on the 9th of January 1868 issued the first number of the Waukon Standard. After publishing it three months he sold to R. L. Hayward & Co. and went to Illinois, and later to New York where he was for some time engaged in the Swedenborgian Publishing House. More recently he published a paper at Sioux Falls; and is at present we believe, located at Wessington Hills and Superintendent of Schools of Aurora county, Dakota. Under its new management the Standard was edited by Rev. A. M. May, who has been its chief editor from that day to this, and has made it a strong, pure, and reliable local family newspaper. It has always been republican in politics. His first partner, Mr. Hayward, did not come to Waukon until the following August; and in March 1869 he disposed of his interest and went to Arkansas, and eventually to San Antonio, Texas, where he was engaged in newspaper business and where he died very re

cently-in August 1882. Mr. May then associated with him one Jas. H. Brayton, who although a good printer had some habits that threatened to swamp the establishment, and after about four months Mr. May found it necessary to assume the entire control. Brayton was afterwards heard of in Minnesota, and the western part of this State, engaged in printing, and in less honorable though more lucrative occupations; and it is said proved quite successful at poker.

In December 1869, E. M. Hancock became associated with May in the business, but withdrew in July following. August 1st, 1872, Chas. R. Hamstreet bought an interest in the office, which he held until June 1st, 1873, when he disposed of it and engaged in farming near Clear Lake, where he still is. At that time E. M. Hancock purchased a half interest in the concern, and May & Hancock continued to conduct the Standard for nine and a half years, until January 1st, 1882, when Hancock disposed of his interest to Mrs. May, the firm becoming A. M. May & Co.

Upon the completion of the railroad in October, 1877, the Waukon Democrat was started by Daniel O'Brien. July 5th, 1879, it passed into the hands of John W. Hinchon, who published it three years, and July 26, 1882, sold out to T. C. Medray & Son.

BUSINESS INSTITUTIONS.

Among the early business institutions the old steam sawmill was one of the very first. It was built by D. W. Adams and D. E. Whitney in the fall of 1854, and finished the following spring and went into operation. It did a large business for a year or two, but was destroyed by fire in 1857. Adams then sold his interest to W. C. Earl, who with Whitney rebuilt the mill shortly after. In February 1859 Earl purchased the interest of his partner, Ed. Whitney, who died a few years since in Minnesota. The mill was run by a 50-horse power engine, and did all kinds of sawing, planing and turning. In 1862 the property was rented to Granger & Gada, who also did custom grinding of flour and feed in addition to the wood-working. The mill stood on the lots in front of Earl's present residence, and was for years one of the institutions of the town. As it outlived its usefulness it was finally dismantled, the machinery sold out, the great stone and brick chimney toppled over, and in July 1870 the building was moved back to the rear of the block where it is still used as a barn and warehouse.

In January or February 1859 a banking and exchange office was established by Walter Delafield, who built the little brown building just west of the National House for that purpose, now used as a carpenter shop. It run for not much over a year, Delafield returning to the east in August 1860.

The Hersey block of stores, next south of the Mason House, was erected in 1859. The second story was occupied with a hall, the