Equivalent evaporation, 127.
Evaporation-
Factor of, 128-129.
Exhaust-
Cramped, 225.
Injector, 57-58.
Heater, 53-54-55–57.
Line, 208.
Expansion curve, 194-208.
Factor of safety, 20.
Factor of evaporation, 128–129.
Feed pipes, 43–45.
Feed Pumps-
Belt driven, 47.
Best water valves for, 80.
Double acting, 48.
Selection of, 48-50.
Setting steam valves of du-
plex pump, 81-82.
Peed Water-
Heating by exhaust steam,
283-285.
Proper supply of, 74–75.
Quantity required, 49–51.
Temperature of, 43.
What to do if supply is cut
off, 75.
Feed Water Heaters
Closed, 53.
Capacity of, 56-57.
Economy of, 52.
Live steam, 58.
Open, 53.
Fire tools, 68.
Firing, proper method of, 69-71.
Fire brick lining, 28-33.
First law of thermo-dynamics,
194.
First law of motion, 194–195
Fixed cut-off, 202.
Foaming, 76.
Formula
For ascertaining friction loss
in water pipes, 87.
For decreasing speed of en-
gine, 288.
For double riveting, 20.
For efficiency of boiler, 130.
For estimating quantity of
condensing water, 274.
Gauges-
Draft, 125.
Steam, connecting, 38–39–40.
Vacuum,
192.
Gauge pressure, 190.
Generation of steam, 107.
Governor
Throttling, 202–276.
Automatic cut-off, 276.
Isochronol, 202–281.
Grate Surface-
Length and width of, 32.
Ratio of to heating surface, 33.
Ratio of to safety valve area,
39-40.
Square feet of, 121.
Gridiron valve, 157.
Hand firing, 95.
Hand holes, reënforcing, 24.
Heater-
Closed, 53-57.
Capacity of, 56.
Live steam, 57.
Open, 54–55.
Economy of, 52.
Heating Surface-
Of horizontal boilers, 61.
Of vertical fire box boilers, 61:
Heat-
A form of energy, 96.
External work of, 108.
Internal work of, 108
Intensity of, 95.
Latent, 102-103.
Heat-
Mechanical equivalent of, 99.
Original source of, 97.
Sensible, 99-101.
Specific, 99.
Theories regarding nature of
95-96.
Unit of, 98-99.
High speed engines, 157.
Hook rod, adjusting length of,
160-161.
Horizontal boiler setting, 12.
Horse Power-
Definition of, 102–193.
Constant, 197–228-230.
Indicated, 193.
Net, 194.
Hot water thermometer, 58–59.
Hydraulics, '83–87.
Hydrogen, 91.
Hyperbolic logarithms, 188.
Lap-
Meaning of, 201.
Of Corliss valves, 164.
Outside, 135–141-201.
Lead-
Adjustments for, 156.
Definition of, 201.
Equalized, 156-164.
Necessity of, 134.
Of Corliss valves, 164.
Logarithms, 197.
Lubrication,
Of crank pin, 279.
Of guides, 278.
Of pillow blocks, 280.
Of piston, 277.
Of valves, 277.
Internally fired boilers, 23.
Initial pressure, 190.
Injector-
Care of, 286.
Exhaust, 285.
Live steam, 286.
Principles of, 285-286.
Indicator-
By whom invented, 168.
Care of, 185-223-224.
Description of, 171-175.
How to attach, 183–185.
Principles of, 168–171.
Spring, 172.
Study of diagrams, 207-230.
Taking diagrams, 186-187–
188.
Isochronol governor, 202–281.
Margin of safety, 13.
Material for boilers, 14.
Manholes, reënforcing, 24.
Maximum theoretical duty of
steam, 195.
Measuring lap, 154.
Measuring chimney draft, 124-
125.
Mean Effective Pressure-
Definition of, 190.
Figuring by ordinates, 255-
259.
Finding by planimeter, 262-
263.
Rule for finding, 220–227.
Mechanical equivalent of heat,
98-99.
Momentum, 195.
Moisture-
In steam, 123–124.
In coal, 124.
Mud-drums, 43.
Joule's experiments with heat,
97-98
Obliquity of connecting rod,
147.
Operation of boilers, 65.
Ordinates, 200-255–257.
Outside lap, 146.
Latent heat, 102-103.
Lap-
Effect of increasing, 134-
145–146.
Inside, 135-144-201.
How to measure, 154-155.
Packing for feed pumps, 80.
Pantograph, 182–183.
Pendulum motion, 177-182.
Piston-
Clearance, 193.
Displacement, 193.
Speed, 193.
Valve, 157.
Placing engine on dead center,
151-152.
Planimeter, 262-263.
Power-
Calculations, 254–259.
Definition of 194.
Priming, 76.
Rules-
For finding area of segment
of circle, 22.
For finding velocity of flow
of water in pipes, 84-85.
For finding weight of water
discharged per second, 85–
86.
For finding initial pressure,
220.
For finding mean
forward
pressure, 220.
For finding mean effective
pressure, 220-227-228.
For finding terminal pressure,
242.
For finding indicated horse
Questions-
On boiler operation, 87-90.
On boiler construction, 24-
25-26.
On boiler settings, 64–65.
On combustion, 115-116.
On definition of words, terms,
and phrases, 204.
On diagram analysis, 230–
231-263-265.
On engine operation, 288–290.
On evaporation tests, 131-
132.
On indicator, 188-189.
On valve setting, 166-167.
For safety valve calculations,
78–79.
For spacing braces, 23.
Safe working pressure,
15.
Safety Valve
How to keep in good working
order, 80.
Problems, computation of,
78–79.
U. S. marine rule for, 77.
Sensible heat, 99-101.
Shaking grates, 67–68.
Smoke prevention, 94-95.
Specific heat, 99.
Steam line, 209.
Strength of riveted seams, 15.
Strength of solid plate, 15.
Strength of rivets, 15.
Steam-
Consumption per H. P. per
hour, 198–236-238-242.
Clearance, 193.
Density of, 109.
Dry, 108.
Gaseous nature of, 107.
In its relation to the engine
109.
Efficiency of, 195–196.
Generation of, 106.
Method of testing dryness of
109-124.
Nature of, 107.
Radius of eccentricity, 140-141.
Ratio of expansion, 191.
Reëvaporation, 251-252.
Reducing mechanism, 176-183.
Relative positions of crank pin
and eccentric, 139.
Release, 142.
Rocker arm, how to adjust, 150.
Rules---
For ascertaining required size
of feed pump, 50-51.
For calculations in hydraulics,
83-86.
For finding piston speed of
pumps, 83-84.
For finding strength of solid
plate, 15.
For finding strength of rivets,
16
For finding strength of riveted
seams, 15.
Throttling governor,
202-276.
Tie rods-
For boiler walls, 31-32.
Transverse, where to locate,
32.
Total heat of evaporation, 102–
103.
Travel of valve, 137.
Triple riveted butt joints, 18.
Steam-
Percentage of moisture in,
123-124.
Physical properties of, 110–
114.
Relative volume of, 109-110.
Saturated, 107.
Superheated, 107-108.
Temperature of, 107.
Total heat of, 108.
Volume of, 109.
Wet, 108.
Surface blow off, 46–47.
Tables-
Analysis of coal, 92.
Areas and circumferences of
circles, 204-205.
Constants for areas of seg-
ments, 22.
Factors of evaporation, 129.
Constants for steam consump-
tion per I. H. P. per
hour, 228.
Hyperbolic logarithms, 199.
Lap and lead of Corliss
valves, 164.
Physical properties of steam,
110-114.
Specific heat, 99.
Weight of water, 105.
Temperature
Of escaping gases, 93.
Of feed water, 74-123.
Of furnace, 93.
Tensile strength, 14.
Terminal pressure, 190–242.
Tests
Evaporation, object of, 117.
Preparing for, 119-121.
Duration of, 123.
Closing of, 124.
Record of, 127.
Provisions for, 58-60.
Tanks for, 59-60.
For efficiency of boiler and
furnace, 126.
For efficiency of boiler, 126.
Thermo dynamics, first law of,
96-97-194.
Theoretical clearance, 243-246.
Three-way cock, 175.
Vacuum, 192.
Valve-
Adjustment of travel, 156.
Corliss, how to adjust, 162.
Diagrams, 145–148.
Decreasing travel of, 145.
Gear of Corliss engine, i59
160.
Lap and lead of, 134–156.
Placing central, 154-155.
Rotative, 158.
Slide, 133–157.
Setting of, 133-160.
Stem, length of, 154-155.
Travel of, 134-137-140-155–
201.
Types of, 134.
Valve, Safety-
Frequent testing of, 79.
Lever, 39-40–77.
Pop, 39.
Ratio of area to grate sur-
face, 39–40.
U. S. Marine rule for, 77.
Valves-
For feed pump, 80.
Water-
Boiling point of, 105–106.
Chemical treatment of, 104.
Composition of, 103.
Contraction and expansion of,
104-105.
Foaming, 76.
Impurities in, 104.
Quantity required for con-
denser, 273-276.
Weight of, 105.
Washing out Boilers-
Preparing for, 72.
Proper method of, 73–74.
Water Columns-
Proper location of, 34–35.
How to connect to boiler,
35-36.
Dangerous condition of, 37.
Wire drawing, 191.
Work-
Definition of, 195.
External, 108.
Internal, 108.
Wrist Plate-
Vibration of, 162.
Adjustment of, 163.
Zeuner valve diagrams, 139–
145-148.
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