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Numeration is but still the adding of one unite | NU'MSKULL. n. s. [Probably from numb, dull, torpid, insensible, and skull.]

more, and giving to the whole a new name or sign, whereby to know it from those before and after.

2. Number contained.

Locke.

In the legs or organs of progression in animals, we may observe an equality of length, and parity of numeration. Brown. 3. The rule of arithmetick which teaches the notation of numbers, and method of reading numbers regularly noted. NUMERATOR.n ́s [Lat.]

1. He that numbers.

2. [Numerateur, Fr.] That number which serves as the common measure to others. NUMERICAL. adj. [from numerus, Lat.] 1. Numeral; denoting number; pertaining to numbers.

The numerical characters are helps to the memory, to rec rd and retain the several ideas about which the demonstration is made. Locke.

2. The same not only in kind or species, but number.

Contemplate upon his astonishing works, particularly in the resurrection and reparation of the same numerical body, by a re-union of all the scattered parts.

NUMERICALLY. adv. [from numerical.]
South,
With respect to sameness in number.
I must think it improbable, that the sulphur of
antimony would be but numerically different from
the distilled butter or oil of roses.
NUMERIST. n. s. [from numerus, Lat.]
One that deals in numbers.

Boyle.

We cannot assign a respective fatality unto each which is cucordant unto the doctrine of the numerists. Brown NUMERO'SITY. n. s. [from numerosus, Lat.]

1. Number; the state of being numerous. Of assertion if numerosity of assertors were a sufficient demonstration, we might sit down herein as an unquestionable truth. 2. Harmony; numerous flow. NUMEROUS. adj. [numerosus, Lat.]

1. A dullard; a dunce; a dolt; a blockhead.

2.

The head. In burlesque. They have talked like numskulls.

Arbuthnot.

Prior.

Or toes and fingers, in this case, Of Numskulls self should take the place. NU'MSKULLED. adj. [from numskull.]| Dull; stupid; doltish.

Hocus has saved that clod-pated, numskulled, ninnyhammer of yours from ruin, and all his faNUN. n. s. mily. Arbuthnot. A woman dedicated to the severer duties of religion, secluded in a cloister from the world, and debarred by a vow from the converse of men. My daughters

Shall all be praying nuns, not weeping queens. Shakesp. A devout nun had vowed to take some young child, and bestow her whole life, and utmost industry, to bring it up in strict piety. Hammond. The most blooming toast in the island might have been a nun. Addison. Ev'ry shepherd was undone, To see her cloister'd like a nun. Swift's Miscell. NUN. n. s. [parus minor.] A kind of

Ainsw.

bird.
NUNCIATURE. n. s. [from nuncio, Lat.]
The office of a nuncio.
NU'NCIO. n. s. [Italian; from nuncio,
Lat.]

1.

A messenger; one that brings tidings. She will attend it better in thy youth, Than in a nuncio of more grave aspect.

Shakesp. They honoured the nuncios of the spring; and the Rhodians had a solemn song to welcome in the swallow. Brown.

This man was honoured with the character of nuncio to the Venetians.

NUNCHION. n.'s.
Brown.

1. Containing many; consisting of many; not few; many,

Queen Elizabeth was not so much observed for having a numerous, as a wise council.

2. A kind of spiritual envoy from the pope.
Atterbury
A piece of victuals
eaten between meals.
Laying by their swords and trunchions,
They took their breakfasts or their nunshions.
NUNCUPATIVE. adj. [nuncupatus,
NUNCUPA'TORY. Lat. nuncupatif,Fr.]

Hudibras.

Let our eternal peace be seal'd by this, With the first ardour of a nuptial kiss. Drylen NUPTIALS. n. s. Like the Latin without

singular. [nuptiæ, Lat.]

1. Marriage.

Dryden

This is the triumph of the nuptial day, My better nuptials, which in spite of fate, For ever join me to my dear Morat. 2. It is in Shakespeare singular, but contrarily to use.

Lift up your countenance, as 'twere the day Of celebration of that nuptial, which We two have sworn shall come. Shakeup. NURSE. n. s. [nourrice, Fr.]

1. A woman that has the care of another's child.

Unnatural curiosity has taught all women, but the beggar, to find out nurses, which necessity only ought to commend.

2. A woman that has care of a Never master had,

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A page so kind, so duteous, diligent,
So feat, su nurse-like.

Shakesp. Cymbeline.
One Mrs. Quickly, which is in die manner of
his nurse, or his dry nurse, or his cook. Shakesp.
One who breeds, educates, or protects.
Rome, the nurse of judgment,
Invited by your noble self, hath sent

One general tongue unto us. Shakesp. Henry VIII We must lose

The country, our dear nurse, or else thy person, Our comfort in the country. Shakesp. Coriolanus 4. An old woman in contempt.

Can tales more senseless, ludic ous, and vain, By winter-fires old nurses entertain?

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6. In composition, any thing that supplies food.

Put into your breeding pond three melters for one spawner; but if into a nurse pond or feeding pond, then no care is to be taken. Walton. To NURSE. v. a from the noun, or by contraction from nourish; nourrir, Fr.] 1. To bring up a child or any thing young. I was nursed in swaddling cloaths with cares. Wisdom, vii. 7.

Him in Egerian groves Aricia hore, And nurs'd his youth along the marshy shore. Dryden.

2. To bring up a child not one's own. Shall I call a nurse of the Hebrew women, that she may nurse the child? Exodus, ii. 7.

Bacon. 1. Publickly or solemnly declaratory. We reach our foes, Who now appear so numerous and bold. Waller. 2. Verbally pronounced, not written. Many of our schisms in the West were never NU'NDINAL. Į adj. [nundinal, Fr. from heard of by the numerous Christian churches in the NU'NDINARY. nundina, Lat.] Lesley. NUNNERY. 2. s. [from nun.] A house longing to fairs.

east of Asia.

2. Harmonious; consisting of parts rightly

numbered; melodious; musical.
Thy heart, no ruder than the rugged stone,
I might, like Orpheus, with my num'rous moan
Melt to compassion.
Waller.

His verses are so numerous, so various, and so harmonious, that only Virgil, whom he professedly imitated, has surpassed him. Dryden.

NUMEROUSNESS. n. s. [from numerous.] 1. The quality of being numerous. 2. Harmony; musicalness.

That which will distinguish his style is, the numerousness of his verse. There is nothing so delicately turned in all the Roman language.

Dryden. NUMMARY. adj. [from nummus, Lat.] Relating to money.

The money drachma in process of time decreased; but all the while the ponderal drachma continued the same, just as our ponderal libra remains as it was, though the nummary hath much decreased. Arbuthnot on Coins.

NUMMULAR. adj. [nummularius, Lat.] Relating to money. Dict

BeDict.

of nuns; of women under a vow of chastity, dedicated to the severer duties of religion.

3. To feed; to keep; to maintain.
Thy daughters shall be nursed at thy side.
Isaiah, lx. 4.
Our monarchs were acknowledged here,
That they their churches nursing fathers were.
Denham.

4.

I put your sister into a nunnery, with a strict command not to see you, for fear you should have 5. wrought upon her to have taken the habit. Dryd.

NUPTIAL. adj. [nuptial, Fr. nuptialis, Lat.] Pertaining to marriage; constituting marriage; used or done in marriage.

Confirm that amity With nuptial knot, if thou vouchsafe to grant Bona to England's king. Shakesp. Because propagation of families proceedeth from the nuptiil copulation, I desired to know of him what laws and customs they had concerning marriage. Bacon

Then all in heat

The Niscans in their dark abode, Nurs'd secretly with milk the thriving God. Addis. To tend the sick.

To pamper; to foment; to encourage; to soften; to cherish.

And what is strength, but an effect of youth, which if time nurse, how can it ever cease? Davies. By what fate has vice so thriven amongst us, and by what hands been nurs'd up into so uncon troul'd a dominion? Locke.

NURSER. n. s. [from nurse.]

1.

One that nurses. Not used.

See where he lies, inhersed in the arms Of the most bloody nurser of his harms. Shakesp. 2. A promoter; a fomenter. NURSERY. n. s. [from nurse ]

1.

They light the nuptial torch. Milton's Par. Lost.
Whoever will partake of God's secrets, must
pare off whatsoever is amiss, nt cat of this sacri-
fice with a defiled head, nor come to this feast
without a nuptial garment.
Taylor. 2.
Fir'd with her love, and with ambition led,
The neighb'ring princes cout her nuptial bed. Dry.

The act or office of nursing.

I lov'd her most, and thought to set my rest On her kind nursery. Shakesp. King Lear. That which is the object of a nurse's

care.

She went forth among her fruits and flow'rs, To visit how they prosper'd, bud and bloom Her nursery: they at her coming sprung, And touch'd by her fair tendance gladlier grew. Milton.

8. A plantation of young trees to be transplanted to other ground.

Your nursery of stocks ought to be in a more barren ground than the ground is whereunto you remove them. Bacon.

My paper is a kind of nursery for authors; and some who have made a good figure here, will hereafter flourish under their own names. Addison. 4. Place where young children are nursed and brought up.

I' th' swathing cloaths, the other from their nursery

Were stol'n.

Shakesp. Cymbeline.

You see before you the spectacle of a Plantagenet, who hath been carried from the nursery to the sanctuary, from the sanctuary to the direful prison, from the prison to the band of the cruel tormentor, and from that hand to the wide wilderness; for so the world hath been to me.

Forthwith the devil did appear, Not in the shape in which he plies

At miss's elbow when she lies;

Or stands before the nurs'ry doors,

To take the naughty boy that roars.

Bacon.

Prior.

They have publick nurseries, where all parents are obliged to send their infants to be educated. Swift. 5. The place or state where any thing is fostered or brought up, from a nursery of children; or whence any thing is to be removed, from a nursery of trees.

This keeping of cows is of itself a very idle life, and a fit nursery for a thief. Spenser on Ireland. To see fair Padua, nursery of arts,

I am arriv'd from fruitful Lombardy. Shakesp A luxurious court is the nursery of diseases; it breeds them, it encourages, nourishes, and entertains them. L'Estrange. A nursery erects its head, Where queens are form'd and future heroes bred; Where unfledg'd actors learn to laugh and cry. Dryden NU'RSLING. n. s. [from nurse.] nursed up; a fondling.

They suppose mother earth to be a great animal, and to have nurtured up her young offspring with a conscious tenderness. Bentley. To NU'STLE. v. a. To fondle; to cherish. Corrupted from nursle. See NUZZLE. Ainsworth. NUT. n. s. [hnut, Sax. noot, Dut. noix, Fr.]

1. The fruit of certain trees; it consists of a kernel covered by a hard shell. If the shell and kernel are in the centre of a pulpy fruit, they then make not a nut

but a stone.

One chanc'd to find a nut
In the end of which a hole was cut,
Which lay upon a hazel root,

There scatter'd by a squirrel;
Which out the kernel gotten had;
When quoth this Fay, dear queen be glad,
Let Oberon be ne'er so mad,"

I'll set you safe from peril. Drayton's Nymphid. Nuts are hard of digestion, yet possess some good medicinal qualities. Arbuthnot on Aliments.

2. A small body with teeth, which correspond with the teeth of wheels.

This faculty may be more conveniently used by the multiplication of several wheels, together with nuts belonging unto each, that are used for the roasting of meat. Wilkins.

Clocks and jacks, though the screws and teeth of the wheels and nuts be never so smooth, yet if they be not oiled, will hardly move. Ray. NUTBROWN. adj. [nut and brown.] Brown like a nut kept long.

Young and old come forth to play,
Till the live-long day light fail,
Then to the spicy nutbrown ale.

Milton's Poems.

Hudibras.

When this nutbrown sword was out, With stomach huge he laid about. Two milk-white kids run frisking by her side, For which the nutbrown lass, Erithacis, Full often offer'd many a savoury kiss. Dryden. King Hardicnute, 'midst Danes and Saxons stout, Carous'd in nutbrown ale, and din'd on grout. King.

I to my pleasant gardens went, Where nutmegs breathe a tragraut scent. NUTSHELL. n. s. [nut and shell.]

Sandy

1. The hard substance that incloses the kernel of the nut.

I could be bounded in a nutshell, and count myself a king of infinite space. Shakesp.

It seems as easy to me, to have the idea of space empty of body, as to think of the hollow of a nutshell without a kernel. Locke.

2. It is used proverbially for any thing of little value.

A fox had me by the back, and a thousand pound to a nutshell, I had never got off again. L'Estrange. NUTTREE. n. s. [nut and tree.] A tree that bears nuts.

Of trees you shall have the nuttree and the oak. Peacham. Like beating nuttrees, make a larger crop. Dryd. NUTRICATION. n. s. [nutricatio, Lat.] Manner of feeding or being fed.

Besides the teeth, the tongue of this animal is a second argument to overthrow this airy nutrication. Brown. NUTRIMENT. n. s. [nutrimentum, Lat.] That which feeds or nourishes; food; aliment.

This slave
Has my lord's meat in him,
Why should it thrive and turn to nutriment?

Shakesp. The stomach returns what it has received, in strength and nutriment, diffused into all the parts of the body.

Does not the body thrive and grow, By food of twenty years ago?

And is not virtue in mankind,

South.

The nutriment that feeds the mind? Swift's Miscel. NUTRIMENTAL. adj. [from nutriment.] Having the qualities of food; alimental.

By virtue of this oil vegetables are nutrimental, for this oil is extracted by animal digestion as an emulsion. Arbuthnot.

One NUTCRACKERS. n. s. [nut and crack. NUTRITION. n. s. [from nutritio, nutrio,

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The thorny point

Of bare distress, bath ta'en from me the shew Of smooth civility; yet am I inland bred, And know some nurture. Shakesp. As you like it. To NURTURE. v. a. [from the noun.] 1. To educate; to train; to bring up. Thou broughtest it up with thy righteousness, and nurturedst it in thy law, and reformedst it with thy judgment. 2 Esdr. viii. 12. He was nurtured where he had been born in his first rudiments, till the years of ten. Wotton.

When an insolent despiser of discipline, nurtured into impudence, shall appear before a church governour, severity and resolution are that governour's virtues. South.

2. To nurture up; to bring by care and food to maturity.

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The act or quality of nourishing, supporting strength, or encreasing growth.

New parts are added to our substance to supply our continual decayings; nor can we give a certain account how the aliment is so prepared for nutrition, or by what mechanism it is so regularly distributed. Glanville's Scepsis.

The obstruction of the glands of the mesentery is a great impediment to nutrition; for the lymph in those glands is a necessary constituent of the aliment before it mixeth with the blood. Arbuthnot. 2. That which nourishes; nutriment. Less properly.

Fix'd like a plant on his peculiar spot, To draw nutrition, propagate, and rot.

Pope.

NU'THOOK. n. s. [nut and hook.] 1. A stick with a hook at the end to pull down boughs that the nuts may be ga-NUTRITIOUS. adj. [from nutrio, Lat.] thered.

2. It was anciently, I know not why, a name of contempt.

Nuthook, nuthook, you lie. Shakesp. Henry IV. NUTMEG. n. 8. [nut and muguet, Fr.]

The nutmeg is a kernel of a large fruit not unlike the peach, and separated from that and from

its investient coat, the mace, before it is sent over to us; except that the whole fruit is sometimes sent over in preserve, by way of sweet-meat, or as a curiosity. There are two kinds of nutmeg; the male, which is long and cylindrical, but it has less of the fine aromatick flavour than the female, which is of the shape of an olive. Hill.

The second integument, a dry and flosculons coat, commonly called mace; the fourth, a kernel included in the shell, which lieth under the mace, is the same we call nutmeg.

Brown.

Having the quality of nourishing.

Philips.

O may'st thou often see Thy furrows whiten'd by the woolly rain Nutritious! secret nitre lurks within. The heat equal to incubation is only nutritious; and the nutritious juice itself resembles the white of an egg in all its qualities. Arbuthnot. NUTRITIVE, adj. [from nutrio, Lat.] Nourishing; nutrimental; alimental.

While the secretory, or separating glands, are too much widened and extended, they suffer a great quantity of nutritive juice to pass through. Blackmore.

NUTRITURE. n. s. [from nutrio, Lat.] The power of nourishing. Not used.

Never make a meal of flesh alone, have some other meat with it of less nutriture. Harvey.

To NUZZLE v. a. [This word, in its original signification, seems corrupted from nursle; but when its original meaning was forgotten, writers supposed it to come from nozzle or nose, and in that sense used it.]

1. To nurse; to foster.

Old men long nozzled in corruption, scorning them that would seek reformation. Sidney. 2. To go with the nose down like a hog. He charged through an army of lawyers, sometimes with sword in hand, at other times nuzzling like au eel in the mud.

Arbuthnot.

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ОАК

OHAS in English a long sound; as,

drone, groan, stone, alone, cloke, broke, coal, droll; or short, got, knot, shot, prong, long. It is usually denoted long by a servile a subjoined; as, moan, or by e at the end of the syllable; as, bone: when these vowels are not appended, it is generally short, except beforell; as, droll, scroll, and even then sometimes short; as, loll.

1. O is used as an interjection of wishing or exclamation.

O that we, who have resisted all the designs of his love, would now try to defeat that of his anger! Decay of Piety.

O! were he present, that his eyes and hands Might see, and urge the death which he commands. Dryden. 2. O is used with no great elegance by Shakespeare for a circle or oval.

Can this cockpit hold

Shakesp.

The vasty field of France? or may we cram Within this wooden 0, the very casks That did affright the air at Agincourt. OAF. n. s. [This word is variously written; auff. ofe, and oph; it seems a corruption of ouph a demon or fairy; in German alf, from which elf: and means properly the same with changeling; a foolish child left by malevolent ouphs or fairies, in the place of one more witty, which they steal away.]

1. A changeling; a foolish child left by the fairies.

These, when a child haps to be got,
Which after proves an idiot,
When folk perceives it thriveth not,

The fault therein to smother:

Some silly doating brainless calf,
That understands things by the half,
Says that the fairy left this oaf,

And took away the other. Drayton's Nymphid.

2. A dolt; a blockhead; an idiot.

0.

OAK

researches, I will, for the diversion of my reader, derive from a house; the oak being the best timber for building. Skinner seems to have had Junius in his thoughts, who on this very word has shewn his usual fondness for Greek etymology, by a derivation more ridiculous! than that by which Skinner has ridiculed him.

Ac or oak, says the grave critick, signified among the Saxons, like robur among the Latins, not only an ouk but strength, and may be well enough de rived, non incommode deduci potest, from án strength; by taking the three first letters, and then sinking the λ, as is not uncommon; quercus.]

The oak-tree hath male flowers, or katkins, which consist of a great number of small slender threads. The embryos, which are produced at remote distances from these on the same tree, do afterwards become acorns, which are produced in hard scaly cups: the leaves are sinuated. The Miller. species are five. He return'd with his brows bound with oak. Shakesp.

He lay along Under an oak, whose antique root peeps out Upon the rook that brawls along this wood. Shak. No tree beareth so many bastard fruits as the oak: for besides the acorns, it beareth galls, oak apples, oak nuts, which are inflammable, and oak berries, sticking close to the body of the tree without stalk. Bacon's Natural History The monarch oak, the patriarch of the trees, Shoots rising up, and spreads by slow degrees: Three centuries he grows, and three he stays Supreme in state; and in three more decays.

Dryden.

An oak growing from a plant to a great tree, and
then lopped, is still the same oak.
Locke.

A light earthy, stony, and sparry matter in-
crusted and affixed to oak leaves. Woodw. on Foss.
Let India boast her plants, nor envy we
The weeping amber and the balmy tree,
While by our oaks the precious loads are born,
And realms commanded which those trees adorn.
Pope.

OA'FISH. adj. [from oaf.] Stupid; dull; OAK Evergreen. n. s. [ilex.T

doltish.

OA FISHNESS. n. s. [from oafish.] Stupidity; dullness.

The fruit is an acorn like the common oak. The wood of this tree is accounted very good for many sorts of tools and utensils; and affords the most durable charcoal in the world. Miller.

OAK. n. s. [ac, æc, Sax. which, says Skin-OAKA'PPLE. n. s. [oak and apple.] A

ner, to shew how easy it is to play the fool, under a shew of literature and deep

kind of spongy excrescence on the oak. Another kind of excrescence is an exudation of]

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No nation doth equal England for naken timber wherewith to build ships. Bacon's Advice to Villiers. By lot from Jove I am the pow`r

Of this fair wood, and live in oaken bow'r. Milton. Clad in white velvet all their troop they led, With each an oaken chaplet on his head. DragSER An oaken garland to be worn on festivals, was the recompense of one who had covered a citizeu in battle. Addiso He snatched a good tough oaken cudgel, and be gan to brandish it. Arbuthnot's John Pull.

OAKENPIN. n. s.

An apple. Oakenpin, so called from its hardness, is a lasting fruit, yields excellent liquor, and is near the nature of the Westbury apple, though not in for a, Mortim r. OA'KUM. n. s. [A word probably formed by some corruption.] Cords untwisted and reduced to hemp, with which, mingled with pitch, leaks are stopped.

They make their oakum, wherewith they c.lk the seams of the ships of old scer and weatherbeaten repes, when they are over spent and grown so rotten as they serve for no other use but to make rotten oakum, which moulde.s and wastes away with every sea as the ships labour and are tossed. Raleigh.

Some drive old oakum thro' each seam and ritt, Their left hand does the calking-iron guide; The rattling mallet with the right they lit. Dryd. OAR. n. s. [ane, Sax. perhaps by allusion to the common expression of plowing the water, from the same root with ear to plow; aro, Lat.] A longpole with a broad end, by which vessels are driven in the water, the resistance made by water to the oar pushing on the vessel. Th' oars were silver, Which to the tune of flutes kept stroke, and made The water which they beat, to follow faster, As amorous of their strokes. Shak, Ant, and Cleop. So tow'rds a ship the oar-finn'd gallies ply, Which wanting sea to ride, or wind to fly, Stands but to fall reveng'd. Denham's Poema.

In shipping such as this, the Irish kern And untaught Indian, on the stream did glide, E'er sharp-keel'd boats to stem the flood did learn,

Or fin-like oars did spread from either side. Drud. Its progressive motion may be effected by the help of several ours, which in the outward ends of

them shall be like the ins of a fish to contract and dilate. Wilkins. Το

To OAR. v. n. [from the noun.]

row.

He more undaunted on the ruin rode,
And oar'd with labouring arms along the flood.
Pope.

To OAR. v. a. To impel by rowing.

His bold head
'Bove the contentious waves he kept, and oar'd
Himself with his good arms in lusty strokes
To th' shore.
Shakesp. Tempest.
Having the

OA'RY. adj. [from oar.]

form or use of oars.

The swan with arched neck,
Between her white wings mantling, proudly rows
Her state with oary feet.
Milton.

His hair transforms to down, his fingers meet,
In skinny films, and shape his oary feet. Addison.
OAST. n. s. A kiln. Not in use.

Empty the binn into a hog-bag, and carry them immediately to the oast or kiln, to be dried. Mortimer.

OATCAKE. N.S. [oat and cake.] Cake made of the meal of oats.

Take a blue stone they make haver or oatcakes upon, and lay it upon the cross bars of iron. Peacham.

OATEN. adj. [from oat.] bearing oats.

Made of oats;

It is of the grass-leaved tribe; the flowers have no petals, and are disposed in a loose panicle: the grain is eatable. The meal makes tolerable good bread. Miller. Shakesp.

The oats have eaten the horses.

It is bare mechanism, no otherwise produced than the turning of a wild oatheard, by the insinuation of the particles of moisture. Locke. For your lean cattle, fodder them with barley straw first, and the oat straw last. Mortimer's Husbandry. His horse's allowance of oats and beans, was greater than the journey required. Swift. OATTHISTLE. n. s. [oat and thistle.] An herb. Ainsworth. OBAMBULATION. n. s. [obambulatio, from obambulo, Lat.] The act of walking about. Dict.

To OBDU'CE. v. a. [obduco, Lat.] To draw over as a covering.

No animal exhibits its face in the native colour of its skin but man; all others are covered with feathers, hair, or a cortex that is obduced over the cutis. Hale.

OBDUCTION. n. s. [from obductio, obduco, Lat.] The act of covering, or laying a cover. OBDURACY. n. s. [from obdurate.] Inflexible wickedness; impenitence; hardness of heart.

Thou think'st me as far in the Devil's book, as thou and Falstaff, for obduracy and persistency. Shakesp. Henry IV.

God may, by a mighty grace, hinder the absoInte completion of sin in final obduracy. South. OBDURATE. adj. [obduratus, Lat.]

When shepherds pipe on oaten straws, And merry larks are ploughmens clocks. Shakesp. OATH. n. s. [aith, Goth. að, Sax. The distance between the noun oath, and the verb swear, is very observable as it may shew that our oldest dialect is formed from different languages.] An affirma-1. Ilard of heart; inflexibly obstinate in tion, negation, or promise, corroborated by the attestation of the Divine Being. Read over Julia's heart, thy first best love, For whose dear sake thou then did'st rend thy faith Into a thousand oaths; and all those oaths Descended into perjury to love me.

All the oath-rites said,

I then ascended her adorned bed.

Shakesp

Chapman.

We have consultations, which inventions shall be published, which not: and take an outh of secrecy for the concealing of those which we think fit to keep secret. Bacon.

Those called to any office of trust, are bound by an oath to the faithful discharge of it: but an ath is an appeal to God, and therefore can have no influence, except upon those who believe that he is. Swift. OATHABLE. adj. [from oath. A word not used.] Capable of having an oath administered

You're not oathable, Altho' I know you'll swear

Into strong shudders th' immortal gods. Shakesp. OATHBREAKING. n. s. [oath and break.] Perjury; the violation of an oath.

His oath breaking he mended thus,

By now forswearing that he is forsworn. Shakesp. OATMALT. n. s. [oat and malt.] Malt made of oats.

In Kent they brew with one half oatmalt, and the other half barley malt. Mortimer. OATMEAL. n. 8. [oat and meal.] Flower made by grinding oats. Oatmeal and butter, outwardly applied, dry the scab on the head. Arbuthnot on Aliments. Our neighbours tell me oft, in joking talk, Of ashes, leather, oatmeal, bran, and chalk. Gay. OATMEAL. n. s. [panicum.] An herb. Ainsworth. OATS. n. s. [aten, Sax.] A grain, which in England is generally given to horses, but in Scotland supports the people.

ill; hardned; impenitent.

Shakesp.

Oh! let me teach thee for thy father's sake, That gave thee life, when well he might have slain thee; Be not obdurate, open thy deaf ears. If when you make your pray'rs, God should be so obdurate as yourselves, How would it fare with your departed souls? Shakesp. Women are soft, mild, pitiful, and flexible; Thou stern, obdurate, flinty, rough, remorseless. Shakesp. To convince the proud what signs avail, Or wonders move th' obdurate to relent; They harden'd more, by what might more reclaim. Milton.

What occasion it had given them to think, to their greater obduration in evil, that through a froward and wanton desire of innovation, we did constrainedly those things, for which conscience was pretended? Hooker.

This barren season is always the reward of obstinate obduration. Hammond.

OBDU'RED. adj. [obduratus, Lat.] Hardned; inflexible; impenitent.

This saw his hapless foes, but stood obdur'd, And to rebellious fight rallied their pow'rs Insensate. Milton's Paradise Lost.

OBEDIENCE. n. s. [obedience, Fr. obedientia, Lat.] Obsequiousness; submission to authority; compliance with command or prohibition.

If you violently proceed against him, it would shake in pieces the heart of his obedience. Shakesp. Thy husband Craves no other tribute at thy hands, But love, fair looks, and true obedience.

ness.

Shakesp.

His servants ye are, to whom ye obey, whether of sin unto death, or of obedience unto righteousRom. iv. 16. It was both a strange commission, and a strange obedience to a commission, for men so furiously assailed, to hold their hands.

In vain thou bidst me to forbear, Obedience were rebellion here.

Nor can this be,

Bacon.

Cowley.

But by fulfilling that which thou didst want, Obedience to the law of God, impos'd

Milton's Par. Lost.

On penalty of death.
We must beg the grace and assistance of God's
spirit to enable us to forsake our sins, and to walk
in obedience to him.
Duty of Man.
The obedience of men is to imitate the obedience
of angels, and rational beings on earth are to live
unto God, as rational beings in heaven live unto
him.
Law.

OBEDIENT. adj. [obediens, Lat.] Sub-
missive to authority; compliant with
command or prohibition; obsequious.

To this end did I write, that 1 might know the proof of you, whether ye be obedient in all things. 2 Cor. ii. 9.

To this her mother's plot She, seemingly obedient, likewise hath Made promise. Shakesp. Merry Wives of Windsor. Religion hath a good influence upon the people, to make them obedient to government, and peaceable one towards another. Tillotson.

The chief his orders gives; the obedient band, With due observance, wait the chief's command. Pope. Dryden. OBEDIENTIAL. adj. [obedientiel, Fr from obedient.] According to the rule of obedience.

Obdurate as you are, oh! hear at least My dying prayers, and grant my last request, 2. Hardned; firm; stubborn: always with some degree of evil.

3.

Sometimes the very custom of evil makes the heart obdurate against whatsoever instructions to the contrary. Hooker.

A pleasing sorcery could charm Pain for a while, or anguish, and excite Fallacious hope, or arm th' obdurate breast With stubborn patience, as with triple steel. Milton.

No such thought ever strikes his marble, obdurate heart, but it presently flies off and rebounds from it. It is impossible for a man to be thorough paced in ingratitude, till he has shook off all fetters of pity and compassion. South. Harsh; rugged.

They joined the most obdurate consonants without one intervening vowel. Swift. (BDURATELY. adv. [from obdurate.] Stubbornly; inflexibly; impenitently. OBDU'RATENESS. n. s. [from obdurate.] Stubbornness; inflexibility; impenitence.

OBDURATION. n. s. [from obdurate.] Hardness of heart; stubbornness.

Faith is such as God will accept of, when it affords fiducial reliance on the promises, and obediential submission to the command. Hammond.

Faith is then perfect, when it produces in us a fiduciary assent to whatever the gospel has revealed, and an obediential submission to the commands. Wake's Preparation for Death. OBEDIENTLY. adv. [from obedient.] With obedience.

We should behave ourselves reverently and obediently towards the Divine Majesty, and justly and charitably towards men. Tillotson. OBE'ISANCE. n. s. [obeisance, Fr. This word is formed by corruption from abaisance an act of reverence.] A bow; a courtsey; an act of reverence made by inclination of the body or knee. Bartholomew my page,

See drest in all suits like a lady;
Then call him Madam, do him all obeisance. Shak,
Bathsheba bowed and did obeisance unto the
1 Kings, i. 16.

king.

The lords and ladies paid

Their homage, with a low obeisance made;
And seem'd to venerate the sacred shade. Dryd.
OB'ELISK. n. s. [obeliscus, Lat.]

1. A magnificent high piece of solid mar-
ble, or other fine stone, having usually
four faces, and lessening upwards by
degrees, till it ends in a point like a
pyramid.
Harris.

Between the statues obelisks were plac'd, And the learn'd walls with hieroglyphicks grac'd. Pope. 2. A mark of censure in the margin of a book, in the form of a dagger [†].

He published the translation of the Septuagint, having compared it with the Hebrew, and noted by asterisks what was defective, and by obelisks what redundant, Grew.

OBEQUITATION. n. s. [from obequito,
Lat.] The act of riding about.
OBERRATION. n. s. [from oberro, Lat.]
The act of wandering about.

OBE'SE. adj. [obesus, Lat.] Fat; loaden
with flesh.

OBE'SENESS. n. s. [from obese.] Mor-
OBESITY.
bid fatness; incum-

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The object of true faith is, either God himself,
or the word of God: God who is believed in, and
the word of God as the rule of faith, or matter to 3.

be believed.

Hammond.

The act of faith is applicated to the object according to the nature of it; to what is already past, as past; to what is to come, as still to come; to that which is present, as it is still prePearson.

sent.

Those things in ourselves, are the only proper
objects of our zeal, which, in others, are the un-4.
questionable subjects of our praises. Spratt.
Truth is the object of our understanding, as good
is of the will.
Dryden's Dufresnoy.
As you have no mistress to serve, so let your
own soul be the object of your daily care and at-
tendance.
Law.

2. Something presented to the senses to
raise any affection or emotion in the
mind.

Dishonour not your eye

By throwing it on any other object.

Shakesp.

Why else this double object in our sight,
Of flight pursu'd in the air, and o'er the ground.
Milton.
This passenger felt some degree of concern, at
the sight of so moving an object, and therefore
withdrew.
Atterbury.
3. [In grammar.] Any thing influenced
by somewhat else.

The accusative after a verb transitive, or a sen-
Clarke.
Glass remotest

n. s.

Speak on, Sir,

I dare your worst objections. Shakesp. Henry VIIL
Adverse argument.

There is ever between all estates a secret war,
I know well this speech is the objection and not the
decision; and that it is after refuted. Becon
Whosoever makes such objections against an by-
pothesis, hath a right to be heard, let his temper
Burnet.
and genes be what it will.
Fault found.

1 have shown your verses to sume, who have made that objection to them. Walsh's Letter,

O'BJECTIVE. adj. [objectif, Fr. objec‐ tus, Lat.]

1. Belonging to the object; contained in the object.

Certainty, according to the schools, is disti 1guished into objective and subjective. Objective certainty is when the proposition is certainly true in itself; and subjective, when we are certain of the truth of it. The one is in things, the other in our minds. "Watts's Legick. 2. Made an object; proposed as an object; residing in objects.

If this one small piece of nature still affords new matter for our discovery, when should we be able to search out the vast treasuries of objective knowledge that lies within the compass of the universe? Hale's Origin of Mankind.

tence in room thereof, is called, by grammarians, O'BJECTIVELY, adv. [from objective.]
the object of the verb.
1. In manner of an object.
O'BJECTGLASS.
from the eye.
An objectglass of a telescope I once mended, by
grinding it on pitch with putty, and leaning easily
on it in the grinding, lest the putty should scratch
it.
Newton's Opticks.
To OBJECT. v. a. [objecter, Fr. objicio,
objectum, Lat.]

1. To oppose; to present in opposition.
Flowers growing scattered in divers beds, will
shew more so as that they be object to view at once.
Bacon

Drayton. 2.

Was she thy God, that her thou didst obey,
Before his voice?
Milton's Paradise Lost.

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Pallas to their eyes

The mist objected, and condens'd the skies. Pope.

To propose as a charge criminal; or a reason adverse: with to or against.

Were it not some kind of blemish to be like unto Infidels and Heathens, it would not so usually be objected; men would not think it any advantage in the cause of religion to be able therewith justly to charge their adversaries. Hooker.

The book requireth due examination, and giveth liberty to object any crime against such as are to be Whitgifte.

ordered.

Men in all deliberations find ease to be of the negative side, and affect a credit to object and foretel difficulties; for when propositions are denied, there is an end of them; but if they be allowed, it requireth a new work; which false point of wisdom is the bane of business. Bacon.

The old truth was, object ingratitude, and ye object all crimes and is it not as old a truth, is it not a higher truth, object rebellion, and ye object all crimes. Holiday.

This the adversaries of faith have too much reason to object against too many of its professors; but against the faith itself nothing at all. Spratt. It was objected against a late painter, that he drew many graceful pictures, but few of them were like. Dryden. Others object the poverty of the nation, and difficulties in furnishing greater supplies.

Addison.

There was but this single fault that Erasmus,
though an enemy, could object to him. Atterbury.
OBJECTION. n. s. [objection, Fr. objec-
tio, Lat.]

1. The act of presenting any thing in op-
position.

Davies. 2. Criminal charge.

This may fitly be called a determinate idea, when, such as it is at any time objectively in the mind, it is annexed, and without variation determined to an articulate sound, which is to be steadily the sign of that same object of the mind. Locke. 2. In the state of an object.

The basilisk should be destroyed, in regard he first receiveth the rays of his antipathy and venomous emission, which objectively move his sense. Brown. O'BJECTIVENESS. n. s. [from objective.] The state of being an object.

Is there such a motion or objectiveness of external bodies, which produceth light? The faculty of light is fitted to receive that impression or ch jectiveness, and that objectiveness fitted to that faculty. Hale's Origin of Mankind. OBJECTOR. n. s. [from object.] One who offers objections; one who raises difficulties.

But these objectors must the cause upbraid, That has not mortal man immortal made. Blackmore.

Let the objectors consider, that these irregulari ties must have come from the laws of mechanism. Bentley.

OBIT. [a corruption of obiit, or obivit.]
Funeral obsequies.
Ainsworth.

To OBJURGATE. v. a. [objurgo, Lat.]
To chide; to reprove.
OBJURGA'TION. n. s. [objurgatio, Lat.]
Reproof; reprehension.

If there be no true liberty, but all things come to pass by inevitable necessity, then what are all interrogations and objurgations, and reprehensions and expostulations? Bramhall.

OBJU'RGATORY. adj. [objurgatorius,
Lat.] Reprehensory; culpatory; chid
ing.
OBLATE. adj. [oblutus, Lat.] Flatted at
the poles. Used of a spheroid.

By gravitation bodies on this globe will press towards its center, though not exactly thither, by reason of the oblate spheroidical figure of the earth, arising from its diurnal rotation about its axis. Cheyne's Philosophical Principles.

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